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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 295-463-0 | CAS number: 92045-80-2 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by subjecting a liquified petroleum gas mix to a sweetening process to oxidize mercaptans or to remove acidic impurities. It consists predominantly of C4 saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, QSAR model validation study, published in peer reviewed literature, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- A simple dermal absorption model: derivation and application
- Author:
- ten Berge, W.
- Year:
- 2 009
- Bibliographic source:
- Chemosphere, 75, 1440-1445
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Dermal absorption was predicted using a model based on QSAR.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzene
- EC Number:
- 200-753-7
- EC Name:
- Benzene
- Cas Number:
- 71-43-2
- Molecular formula:
- C6H6
- IUPAC Name:
- benzene
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Percutaneous absorption
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 1.5 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: maximum flux = 0.00082 mg/cm2/min
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Dermal absorption of benzene was predicted using the model of ten Berge to be approximately 1.5% with a predicted maximum flux of 0.00082 mg/cm2/min.
- Executive summary:
The dermal absorption of benzene was predicted using a model which considers dermal absorption as a two stage process, permeation of the stratum corneum followed by transfer from the stratum corneum to the epidermis. The QSAR for each process was derived by fitting each model equation to experimentally derived values using an iterative non-linear least squares approach. Dermal flux and percent absorption were predicted using physicochemical values using values determined at approximately 25°C.
The model predicted a maximum flux = 0.00082 mg/cm2/min giving an absorption of approximately 1.5%.
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