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EC number: 240-004-1 | CAS number: 15875-13-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin exposures of up to 4-hours did not cause corrosion but were irritating. Exposure of 20-hours or longer were irritating (non-occluded) and corrosive (occluded).
Three different study designs all demonstrated irreversible eye damage when the material was not washed from the eye. Washing after a 6 minute exposure produced severe irritation that was reversible within 22 days.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1972
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: test done before establishment of GLP
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A group of 6 male Albino rabbits 2.48 - 2.76 kg was used to test the effects of the drug on intact and abraded skin. 0.5 cc was applied to each side of the shaved belly. The areas were covered with layers of gauze sponge and the animals wrapped in sections of elastic bandage for 4 hours. The skin was evaluated for erythema and/or edema daily for 72 hours and weekly for 3 weeks.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- test done before establishment of GLP
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: albino rabbits
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- 3 weeks
- Number of animals:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: belly
- Type of wrap if used: layers of gauze sponge and wrapped in sections of elastic bandage - Irritation parameter:
- overall irritation score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: all
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: No irritation was observed at the intact skin sites
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Not irritating to intact skin following a 4-hour exposure.
Reversible irritation was observed for the abraded skin site. A mild edema was present at 4 hours. A mild erythema was present for 2 weeks. The skin appeared normal at 3 weeks. No tissue destruction was observed. - Interpretation of results:
- slightly irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information abraded skin Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- Following a 4-hour exposure the material was not corrosive or irritating to intact skin. Reversible irritation was seen with abraded skin.
- Executive summary:
After a 4-hour exposure the material was not irritating to intact skin. Reversible irritation was seen with abraded skin. A mild edema was present at 4 hours. A mild erythema was present for 2 weeks. The skin appeared "normal" at 3 weeks.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Test was performed before GLP was established
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Group I (5 animals):
0.1 cc of the drug was placed in the conjunctival sacs. 6 minutes later, the eyes were washed with 300 cc of water over a 2 minute period. The eyes were examined 1 hour after the wash, daily for 3 days, and weekly for 3 weeks. The contralateral eye of each animal served as control.
Group II (3 animals):
0.1 cc was placed in the conjunctival sacs as above. The eyes were checked 1 hour after application, just after the wash procedure (as above) at 24 hours, daily for 3 days, and weekly for 3 weeks. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: contralateral untreated eye was used as control
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 6 minutes - group I (5 animals)
permanent no washing - group II (3 animals) - Observation period (in vivo):
- 30 days
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 5 animals group I
3 animals group II - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Remarks:
- slight opacity
- Basis:
- other: all animals
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 30 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: Numerical scores were not provided. Severe irritation which included slight corneal opacities which were not fully reversible within 30 days
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Slight corneal opacity, reversible within 22 days (washed eyes), not reversible within 30 days (unwashed eyes).
No iritis was observed
Severe conjunctivitis, reversible within 18 days (consisted of severe redness and moderate to severe chemosis, and discharge) was seen for both the washed and unwashed groups. - Interpretation of results:
- corrosive
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- When not washed out of the eye, the compound caused irreversible destruction of the cornea and must be rated as corrosive. Washing after a six minute exposure di not minimize the initial irritation but the effects were reversible within 22 days.
- Executive summary:
When not washed out of the eye, the compound caused irreversible destruction of the cornea and must be rated as corrosive. Washing after a six minute exposure did not minimize the initial irritation but the effects were reversible within 22 days.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Additional information
Prolonged or repeated administration of the substance is corrosive. Skin exposures of up to 4-hours did not cause corrosion but were irritating. Exposure of 20-hours or longer were irritating (non-occluded) and corrosive (occluded).
Three different study designs all demonstrated irreversible eye damage when the material was not washed from the eye. Washing after a 6 minute exposure produced severe irritation that was reversible within 22 days.
Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
Only 4-hour exposure study available
Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
Dose volume and observation period matched current guideline
Effects on skin irritation/corrosion: irritating
Effects on eye irritation: corrosive
Justification for classification or non-classification
According to the CLP rules, this material is conservatively classified as a Cat 2 for skin irritation. The material causes irreversible eye effects and is classified as a Cat 1 for eye damage/irritation.
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