Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 219-283-9 | CAS number: 2402-79-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 March 1991 to 16 September 1991
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 991
- Report date:
- 1991
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine
- EC Number:
- 219-283-9
- EC Name:
- 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine
- Cas Number:
- 2402-79-1
- Molecular formula:
- C5HCl4N
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine
- Details on test material:
- Reference: AGR 289294
Purity = 98.6%
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The algal cell densities (or biomass) of the inoculum and test cultures were determined by electron particle counting using the Coulter Multisizer. Total cell counts were determined at approximately 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, and 120 hours. Test flasks were removed from the incubator and appropriate dilutions prepared from each. The test flasks were then randomly placed back in the incubator after the sample volume was taken. Cells were cumulatively counted at a lower threshold equivalent spherical diameter of approximately 2.7 µm to a higher threshold equivalent spherical diameter of approximately 8.4 µm. The background particle count was concurrently subtracted from that of the sample dilution to obtain the cell density. A blank correction for the isotonic saline solution used in preparing the dilutions was also compensated for in the calculations.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Each test concentration and control was set in triplicate. Due to the difficulty in dissolving the test material in aqueous solution, the solvent acetone was used as a carrier. Initially a stock solution for each test concentration was prepared in acetone so that the maximum limit of 10 µl of solvent/100 mL of algal assay medium would provide the required concentration. These tests were carried out axenically throughout the 5 - day test period.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- Selenastrum capricornututn Printz (strain 1648) was the test species. Axenic samples of this algae were received on June 10, 1982 from the Starr Algal Collection at the University of Texas, Austin, Texas. Stock cultures of this organism are maintained axenically by weekly transfer into fresh sterile medium.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 120 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not applicable
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Not determined
- Test temperature:
- 25 +/- 2 °C
- pH:
- 7.0 - 7.5
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not determined
- Salinity:
- Not determined
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration (mg/L) Mean measured concentration (mg/L)
50 31.6
30 20.28
18 11.48
10.8 6.81
6.70 3.34
3.93 2.26
2.32 1.42
1.33 0.85
0.88 0.71 - Details on test conditions:
- Test vessels were sterilized 250 ml borosilicate Erlenmeyer flasks with Shimadzu closures containing 100 ml algal test medium. Each test flask was labeled with a unique number for identification purposes. The test flasks were placed in an incubator with the temperature set at 25 ± 2 °C with continuous light at 400 ± 100 foot candles and continuous agitation at approximately 100 rpm.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 11.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 6.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 16.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 6.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control without acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 13.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Duration:
- 120 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: AAM control with acetone
- Details on results:
- See above.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data provided.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Test concentrations were set in a range of 0.71 to 31.6 mg/L in triplicate with an initial cell density of 10,000 cells/mL. The measured test concentrations of 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine were approximately 60% of nominal at the start of the test. A stability study of the test material in algal assay medium has demonstrated after 72 hours that 1.2% of the initial concentration of test material remained in solution and by 96 hours there was essentially no presence of test material in the algal assay medium.
The EC50 for biomass and growth rate did not significantly change after 48 hours. Whether this was due to an initial toxic response of the algae to sym-tet or the fact that very little test material remained insolution by72hours (the stability study showed approximately 1.3% of initialtest material present in algal assay medium by 72 hours) remainsquestionable. Temperature may have contributed to the instability of sym-tet.During a rainbow trout toxicity study which was conducted at 12±2°C, 94% ofsym-tet was present at 72 hours, and by the end of the test period 79% remained in solution [8]. The temperature of the algal study conducted was 25±2°C.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 values and the 95% confidence intervals based on initial measured concentrations were determined on the endpoints, biomass (total cell count/mL) and growth rate (% inhibition), as well as the no observable effect concentrations (NOEC'S) on biomass, in comparison to the controls. Results are quoted above.
- Executive summary:
A GLP compliant study conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 201 was conducted in order to determine the effect of the test substance on algal growth. The EC50 values and the 95% confidence intervals based on initial measured concentrations were determined on the endpoints, biomass (total cell count/mL) and growth rate (% inhibition), as well as the no observable effect concentrations (NOEC'S) on biomass, in comparison to the controls.
EC50 values varied between 8.2 mg/L (120 h, based on growth rate, AAM control with acetone) to 16.8 mg/L (72h, based on biomass, AAM control with acetone).
NOEC values varied between 2.3 mg/L (96h, based on biomass, AAM control without acetone) to 6.8 mg/L (72h, based on biomass, AAM control with and without acetone).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.