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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Vehicle:
no
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan)
- Pretreatment of parent: 14 days
- Age at study initiation: less than 24 h old

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: yes
- Acclimation conditions: same as test
- Type and amount of food: Chlorella regularis, 0.1-0.2 mgC/day/daphnia

Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Hardness:
224 mg/l as CaCO3
Test temperature:
19.4 - 20.2 °C
pH:
7.2 - 7.5
Dissolved oxygen:
7.8 - 8.8 mg/L
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations: 0, 3.7, 6.7, 12.0, 21.6, 38.9, 70.0 mg/L
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- glass vessel, 100 mL net volume
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution: none
- Feeding during test: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 daphnia
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): no data

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source of dilution water: Elendt M4 (in accordance with OECD TG211 Annex 2)
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no data
- Photoperiod: 16h-8h light-dark cycle by room light
- Light intensity: no data
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
Potassium dichromate
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
46 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC0
Effect conc.:
10.5 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
20.8 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Results with reference substance (positive control):
Potassium dichromate (48 h EC50 = 0.84 mg/l)
CONCENTRATIONS
nominal measured concentration (mg/l)
concentration (percentage of nominal)
(mg/l) 0 h fresh 48 h expired geom.mean
-----------------------------------------------------------
control <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
3.7 3.0 (81.1) 1.4 (37.8) 2.0 (54.1)
6.7 5.2 (77.6) 2.6 (38.8) 3.7 (55.2)
12.0 9.4 (78.3) 4.7 (39.2) 6.6 (55.0)
21.6 16.8 (77.8) 6.6 (30.6) 10.5 (48.6)
38.9 30.3 (77.9) 19.1 (49.1) 24.1 (62.0)
70.0 54.7 (78.1) 38.6 (55.1) 46.0 (65.7)
-----------------------------------------------------------
As the half-life of this substance in water is 56.7 h at 25°C and pH 7 (See section 3.1.2), almost all measured concentrations were much lower than the nominal ones. Therefore, geometric mean measured values were used for calculations.

EFFECTS (immobilisation)
24 h EC50 = 31.0 mg/l

measured cumulative number of immobilized
concentration daphnid (percentage of immobility)
(mg/) 0 h 48 h
----------------------------------------------------------
control 0 ( 0) 0 ( 0)
2.0 0 ( 0) 0 ( 0)
3.7 0 ( 0) 0 ( 0)
6.6 0 ( 0) 0 ( 0)
10.5 0 ( 0) 0 ( 0)
24.1 2 (10) 13 (65)
46.0 20 (100) 20 (100)
----------------------------------------------------------


Executive summary:

With Daphnia magna a test on acute toxicity was performed according to the OECD TG 202, and the principles of GLP. The recovery rates were less than 80 % at the end of the test, for that reason, the 48 h mean measured concentrations were derived by calculating the geometric mean from the measured values at 0 and 48 h, resulting in an 48 h-EC50of 20.8 mg/l (EA Japan, 1999).

Description of key information

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect concentration:
20.8 mg/L

Additional information