Rosin, maleated

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study planned

Justification for type of information:

TEST PROPOSAL FOR ANNEX IX ENDPOINT
NON-CONFIDENTIAL NAME OF SUBSTANCE:
- Name of the substance on which testing is proposed to be carried out
o Rosin, fumarated (CAS No. 65997-04-8)
o Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, sodium salts (CAS No. 68201-60-5)
- Name of the substance for which the testing proposal will be used [if different from tested substance]
• Rosin, fumarated
• Resin acids and rosin acids, maleated, sodium salts
• Rosin, maleated
• Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, calcium salts
• Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, potassium salts
CONSIDERATIONS THAT THE GENERAL ADAPTATION POSSIBILITIES OF ANNEX XI OF THE REACH REGULATION ARE NOT ADEQUATE TO GENERATE THE NECESSARY INFORMATION [please address all points below]:
- Available GLP studies: There are no available GLP studies for long-term toxicity in terrestrial organisms.
- Available non-GLP studies: There are no relevant studies available for long-term toxicity in terrestrial organisms. - Historical human data: Not applicable to long-term toxicity testing in terrestrial organisms.
- (Q)SAR: The category members are UVCBs, and as QSAR predictions would be only derived for single constituents, QSAR would not be appropriate to assess hazard to the terrestrial environment of poorly water-soluble UVCBs. In addition, the available validated ECOSAR model does not contain earthworm data for the class ‘Rosin’.
- In vitro methods: Currently, there are no validated EU / OECD guidelines for in vitro tests that would be relevant to terrestrial toxicity.
- Weight of evidence: Since there are no reliable data on long-term toxicity studies in terrestrial species (experimental, QSAR or, based on read across), it is not possible to derive a weight of evidence for this endpoint.
- Grouping and read-across: Rosin is a UVCB derived from wood. Rosin and rosin derivatives consists of gum rosin, wood rosin and tall oil rosin while rosin derivatives include hydrogenated rosin and polymerized rosin (also referred to as dimerized rosin or rosin oligomers).
The Diels-Alder reaction involves reaction of an α,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound, such as maleic anhydride, maleic acid or fumaric acid, with a conjugated double bond; it therefore occurs only with resin acids such as levopimaric acid. However, even under the most favourable of reaction conditions, the majority of the resin acid molecules present in rosin remain unadducted simply because they are unable to undergo this reaction due to their structure.
It is important to ensure that these differences are characterised and that the data density is high enough to establish that all of the potential environmental hazards have been identified and that risk assessments are protective of all organisms. In order to target testing within this category to meet this objective, the category has been split into sub-categories. This way, it can be ensured that there is enough data in each subcategory to fully characterise the category as a whole. These sub-categories may, in some cases, be different for environmental and mammalian toxicity endpoints. Higher Annex Ecotoxicity studies have been proposed for at least 1 member of each of these categories if Higher Annex studies are required (i.e., it contains substances registered for at least Annex IX 100-100 TPA).
Category 3 is divided into the following sub-categories:
• Fumerated
• Maleated
The consortium has also committed to filling data gaps for lower annex studies to provide a full set of data to support the read-across approach for the higher annex studies. This is detailed in the attached testing strategy.
- Substance-tailored exposure driven testing [if applicable]: NA
- Approaches in addition to above [if applicable]: NA
- Other reasons [if applicable]: The results from long-term terrestrial testing would improve the existing data-set for category.
CONSIDERATIONS THAT THE SPECIFIC ADAPTATION POSSIBILITIES OF ANNEXES VI TO X (AND COLUMN 2 THEREOF) OF THE REACH REGULATION ARE NOT ADEQUATE TO GENERATE THE NECESSARY INFORMATION:
No adaptations are applicable from Column 2 of Annexes VI to X as direct and indirect exposure to soil is not avoided, in addition the substances have high log Koc values, indicating high adsorptive potential to soil.
FURTHER INFORMATION ON TESTING PROPOSAL IN ADDITION TO INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE MATERIALS AND METHODS SECTION:
- Details on study design / methodology proposed [if relevant]: The Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/ Eisenia andrei) will be conducted according to OECD TG 222 (2016). Details on the definitive test design will be determined during the pre-tests and in the study plan phase with the consortium and the Study Director.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 222 (Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei))

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Rosin, fumarated

EC Number:

266-040-8

EC Name:

Rosin, fumarated

Cas Number:

65997-04-8

Molecular formula:

Not applicable as the substance is a UVCB

IUPAC Name:

Rosin, fumarated

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, sodium salts

EC Number:

269-228-8

EC Name:

Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, sodium salts

Cas Number:

68201-60-5

Molecular formula:

not applicable as the substance is a UVCB

IUPAC Name:

Resin acids and Rosin acids, maleated, sodium salts