Diallyl phthalate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 C (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (II))

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

not specified

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Sludge sampling were made at the following 10 places in Japan: Fukogawa city sewage plant (Sapporo-shi Hokkaido);
Fukashiba industry sewage plant (Kashima-gun Ibaragi);
Nakahama city sewage plant (Osaka-shi Osaka);
Ochiai city sewage plant (Shinjuku-ku Tokyo);
Kitakami river (Ishinomaki-shi Miyagi);
Shinano river (Nishikanbara-gun Niigata);
Yoshino river (Tokushima-shi Tokushima);
Lake Biwa (Otsu-shi Shiga);
Hiroshima bay (Hiroshima-shi Hiroshima);
Dookai bay (Kitakyushu-shi Fukuoka).
- Method of cultivation: About 30 min after ceasing the aeration to the sludge miture, supernatant corresponding to about 1/3 of the whole volume was removed. Then the equal volule of dechlorination water was added to the remaining portion and aerated again, followed by addition of synthetic sewage*, concentration of that portion was to be 0.1 (W/V)%. This procedure was repeated once every day. The culturing was carried out at 25+/-2°C.
*: Glucose, peptone and monopotassium phosphate were dissolved in dechlorination water respectively. Each concentation of them was to be 5(W/V)% and the solution was adjusted to pH 7.0 +/-1.0 with sodium hydroxide.
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L

Duration of test (contact time):

4 wk

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Remarks:

BOD

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

test mat. analysis

Remarks:

GC

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Concentration of test substance : 100mg/L
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg/L
- Volume of test solution 300mL
- Cultivation temperature : 25°C
- Cultivation duration : 28 days

PREPARATION OF BASAL CULTURE MEDIUM
- Each 3 mLof solution A, B, C and D, which are prescribed in JIS K 012-1986-21, were made up to 1000 mL with purified water, and then pH of this solution was adjusted to 7.0

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: March, June, September, and December in every year.
- Sampling method: Returned sluge of sewage plants were collected.

STATISTICAL METHODS
- Percentage biodegradation (%) = 100 x [BOD - B ] / TOD
- BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand in
- B: Biochemical Oxygen Demand in control blank
- TOD: Theorical Oxygen Demand required when the test substance was completely oxidized

Reference substance:

aniline

Remarks:

(guaranteed reagent, Showa Chemicals Inc.)

Test performance:

ANALYSIS OF THE TEST SOLUTION
After the termination of cultivation, total organic carbon and the test substance in the test solutions were determined. The pH of the test solutions of [water + test substance] and [sludge + test substance] were measured.

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Remarks:

BOD

Value:

82

Sampling time:

4 wk

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (test mat. analysis)

Remarks:

GC

Value:

96

Sampling time:

4 wk

Details on results:

BOD : 92, 79 and 76% biodegradation.
GC : 100, 88 and 100% biodegradation

Validity of test conditions

When percentage biodegradations of aniline calculated by BOD value were beyond 40% and 60% at the 7th and 14th day, respectively, it was concluded that the test condtion was valid.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria

Conclusions:

Biodegradation was found above 70% of theoretical (measured as BOD, GC) so it can be regarded as evidence of inherent, ultimate biodegradability.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification

Principles of method if other than guideline:

28d BOD test (MITI-test).

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Microorganisms

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Details on study design:

No details.

Preliminary study:

.

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

84

Remarks on result:

other: No further details available.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable, but failing 10-day window

Description of key information

Data based on 2 references (reliable with restrictions), which are both used for environmental risk assessment of chemicals by the Japanese government.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

readily biodegradable but failing 10-day window

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

According to the OECD guideline for biodegradation above 70% of theoretical (measured as BOD, DOC removal or COD) should be regarded as evidence of inherent, ultimate biodegradability. Since the 10-day window criterion was not fulfilled, diallyl phthalate could not be considered as readily biodegradable. Within the REACH regulation, such substances are considered as readily biodegradable but failing the 10-day window.