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EC number: 215-290-6 | CAS number: 1319-46-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Sensitisation data (human)
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sensitisation data (humans)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented publication which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Pulmonary retention of lead: an experimental study in man
- Author:
- Morrow PE, Beiter H, Amato F & Gibb FR
- Year:
- 1 980
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Research 21(2):373-384
Materials and methods
- Type of sensitisation studied:
- respiratory
- Study type:
- study with volunteers
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- After brief, mouthpiece exposures, 17 subjects were followed by serial counting with a thoracic array of 12 2-in. scintillation detectors and two 2-in. leg counters, all coupled to single channel analyzers.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lead hydroxide
- EC Number:
- 243-310-3
- EC Name:
- Lead hydroxide
- Cas Number:
- 19783-14-3
- Molecular formula:
- H2O2Pb
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- general
- Ethical approval:
- confirmed and informed consent free of coercion received
- Subjects:
- - Number of subjects exposed: 2 groups of 4 and 5 persons each
- Sex: men
- Age: mean 26.5 (24-37)
- Other: mean weight 65.9 kg (55-86.4), mean height 1.75 m (1.65-1.85) - Clinical history:
- Young adults having no history of pulmonary disease
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Details on study design:
- TYPE AND DETAILS OF TEST(S) USED
- Lung function measurements: standard respiratory mouthpiece, deszigned so that the aerosol volume breathed was continuously measured using a recording integrator (Linear Instruments, Model 252A)
- Other: the exposure duration was predicated on the assumption that 100% deposition would occur
Results and discussion
- Results of examinations:
- The average aerosol deposition occuring in the nine lead hydroxide exposures was 26% (SD = 8). This resulted in 1.9 µCi 203Pb (0.7-3.2) and ~3 (1-5) micrograms of lead being deposited in the respiratory system of the average subject.
The measured (effective) halftime for retention of 950min (15.8h) for indicates a biological retention halftime of 22.6 h. Thus the correction factor reduces the biological half time approximately 40% (13.6 vs 22.6).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Urban air studies indicate atmospheric lead aerosol has a MMAD between 0.18 and 0.6 µm
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The collective evidence supports the view that atmospheric lead is rapidly and completly absorbed from the human lungs.
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