(Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral

Remarks:

combined repeated dose and reproduction / developmental screening

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2006

Report date:

2006

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

BASF AG

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

But-2-ene-1,4-diol

EC Number:

203-787-0

EC Name:

But-2-ene-1,4-diol

Cas Number:

110-64-5

Molecular formula:

C4H8O2

IUPAC Name:

2-Butene-1,4-diol

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

(Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol

EC Number:

228-085-1

EC Name:

(Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol

Cas Number:

6117-80-2

Molecular formula:

C4H8O2

IUPAC Name:

but-2-ene-1,4-diol

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-Butene-1,4-diol

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Germany
- Age at study initiation: 11-12 weeks (males), 10-11 weeks (females)
- Housing: individually, DKII stainless stell cages/ Makrolon type M II cages
- Diet (ad libitum): Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat
- Water (ad libitum):drinking water
- Acclimation period: 6 days


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 24 °C
- Humidity (%): 30 - 70 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

other: doubly distilled water

Details on oral exposure:

The daily volume administered was 10 ml/kg-bw based on most recent individual body weight

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Males: 29 days (approx. 2 weeks premating, 2 weeks mating and post mating)
Females: 50 days (premating, mating and gestation through day 4 after delivery)

Frequency of treatment:

Daily

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
20, 60, 200 mg/kg bw
Basis:
other: Administered dose by gavage

No. of animals per sex per dose:

10

Control animals:

yes

Positive control:

None

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Daily

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Before first dose and weekly thereafter

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Weekly

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE: Yes
- Regularly during premating, after the mating period and, in dams, during gestation and lactation periods.

OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No data

HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: Males on study day 29, Females on study day 50
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (carbon dioxide)
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: 5

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: Males on study day 29, Females on study day 50
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: 5

URINALYSIS: No

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Males on study day 28, Females on study day 42
- Dose groups that were examined: low, medium, and high dose groups
- Battery of functions tested: functional battery and motor activity measurement

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

High dose group only. Salivation (males / females) and impairment of motor activity (males)

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence):

High dose group only. Salivation (males / females) and impairment of motor activity (males)

Body weight and weight changes:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

High dose group only (males / females).

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

High dose group only (males / females).

Food efficiency:

not examined

Description (incidence and severity):

Oral gavage study

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not examined

Description (incidence and severity):

Oral gavage study

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

Mid and high dose females only. Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit

Clinical biochemistry findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

High dose only. Increased potassium, inorganic phosphate and albumin (males / females) and increased total bilirubin in males and calcium and magnesium (females only).

Urinalysis findings:

not examined

Behaviour (functional findings):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

Mid and high doses (males / females). Liver and kidneys

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

Mid and high dose (males and/or females). Minimal to moderate storage of alpha 2u protein in epithelial cells of proximal tubules, minimal to moderate centrolobular hypertrophy in the liver, minimal to slight hypertrophy/hyperplasia of the thyroid follic

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

20 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Based on:

test mat.

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: systemic toxicity F0 animals

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

The following test substance-related findings were obtained:

Test group 3 (200 mg/kg-bw/day)

F0 parental animals

CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS

• salivation in males after treatment from second week onwards
• slight impairment of motor activity in males from interval 1 to 6
• significant reduction in food consumption during the first week of treatment in both sexes (-12% males and -17% females)
• significant impairment of body weights and body weight gain (max.-9% and -59%, respectively) in males
• significant impairment of females body weights and body weight gain in study weeks 6 and 7 (max.-16% and -8%, respectively)

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

• increased potassium, inorganic phosphate and albumin in both sexes
• increased total bilirubin in males and calcium and magnesium in females
• decreased creatinine and glucose in males and hemoglobin, hematocrit and chloride in females

PATHOLOGY

• significant decrease in terminal body weight in males and females
• significant increase of relative kidney weights in male animals
• significant increase of absolute and relative liver weights in male and female animals
• minimal to moderate storage of alpha 2u protein in epithelial cells of proximal tubules in all male animals
• minimal to moderate centrolobular hypertrophy in the liver of nine male and nine female animals
• minimal to slight hypertrophy/hyperplasia of the thyroid follicular cells of three female animals

Test group 2 (60 mg/kg-bw/day)

F0 parental animals

CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS

• no test substance-related effects in F0 males and F0 females were observed

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

• decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit in females

PATHOLOGY

• significant increase of absolute and relative kidney weights in male animals
• significant increase of absolute and relative liver weight in males
• significant increase of relative liver weights in females
• minimal to slight storage of alpha 2u protein in epithelial cells of proximal tubules in five male animals
• minimal centrolobularhypertrophy in the liver of four female animals

Testgroup 1 (20 mq/kg-bw/dav)

F0 parental animals

CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS / CLINICAL PATHOLOGY / PATHOLOGY / FEMALES

CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS DURING GESTATION AND LACTATION/ FERTILITY /REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

• no treatment-related effects were observed

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

In conclusion, the gavage administration of 200 mg/kg body weight/day 2-Butene-1,4-diol to male and female Wistar rats caused distinct systemic toxicity such as salivation, markedly reduced food consumption and retarded body weight development, liver enzyme induction, storage of alpha 2µ protein and mild impairment of motor activity in the males as well as mild anemia in the females.

The NOAEL of the test substance for general, systemic toxicityis 20 mg/kg of bodyweight/day for the F0 parental rats of both sexes.

Executive summary:

Based on 50 -day female results, Buttendiol will be classified as R48, therefore no 90 -day sub-chronic study is warranted.