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Ecotoxicological information

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Experiment start date -13 May 1992; Experiment end date-03 June 1992; Study completion date - 14 September 1992.
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Justification for type of information:
Read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach). A detailed category justification is included in chapter 13 of this dossier.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: internal company procedure.
- Derived solution: 1500 mg/l
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea, parthenogenetic females.
- Colony: clone strain from Bundesgesundheitsamt Berlin.
- Source: Bayer AG Leverkusen Laboratories.
- Age: 6 - 24 hours.
- Feeding during test: 0.2 mg/adult daphnia (day 0-3); 0.4 mg/adult daphnia (day 4-7); 0.6 mg/adult daphnia (day 8-21)
- Food type: Scenedesmus subspicatus from fermenter culture. The concentrated algal suspension is prepared fresh weekly and stored maximum of 7 days in the refrigerator. When the algae tend, when fed to the formation of precipitates, a 5-minute ultrasound treatment is recommended.
Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
21 d
Test temperature:
20 ± 2 °C (maximum in individual test: ± 1 °C).
pH:
7.6 - 8.8
Dissolved oxygen:
87.3 - 128.5 %
Nominal and measured concentrations:
10, 31.6, 100, 316 and 1000 mg/l
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beakers (diameter 5.5 cm, high 9.5 cm), with a coverage of 6 cm of diameter.
- Fill volume: 100 ml/beaker.
- Aeration: not aerated.
- Renewal rate of test solution: thrice a week (on Monday, Wednesday and Friday).
- No. of organisms per concentration: 10 (both tested and control groups).
- Replicates: 10 per concentration.

TEST MEDIUM
- Intervals of water quality measurement: once a week.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h darkness
- Light intensity: ca. 1700 lux
- Irradiation: 25 µE/m^2 x s

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: reproduction, mobility.

Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
6.59 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
reproduction
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
31.6 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality
Details on results:
Immoobilization EC50 (21d): 31.6 -100 mg/l (nominal)
Reproductive EC50 (21d): 30.2 mg/l (probit-analysis based on nominal concentrations).
TEST RESULTS
Conc (mg/l) Immobilization/mortality of parents at 21 day Reproduction rate (R21)
Pup/parent %
Control 0 0 92.0 100
10 0 0 91.6 99.6
31.6 0 0 42.1 45.8
100 10 100 0.0 0.0
316 10 100 0.0 0.0
1000 10 100 0.0 0.0
VARIABILITY of REPRODUCTION FROM CONTROL TO TEST CONCENTRATION
Concentration (mg/l) Reproduction rate at the 21th day Standard Deviation Variation coefficient (%)
Control 92.0 11.9 12.9
10 91.6 10.2 11.1
31.6 42.1 22.0 52.3
100 0.0 0.0 0.0
316 0.0 0.0 0.0
1000 0.0 0.0 0.0

 

Control

Day
Puppies Stillbirths
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3 5 6 7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 # # # #
7 # # # # # #
8
9 10 15 10 15
10
11
12 5 16 15 10 11 16 17 15 18 13
13
14 15 22 17 16 25 16 10 1 2 2T 1T 1T 1T
15
16 16 30 18 10 33 7 11 8 30 30
17
18
19 20 20 18 21 13 22 16 11 33 8
20
21 26 21 26 23 15 32 24 28 40

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

92 109 94 80 72 102 84 87 92 108 2T 1T 1T 1T
#: First pups recognizable in the mother's brood chamber.

T: dead pup

Concentration of 10 mg/l

Day
Puppies Stillbirths
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 8 9 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 # # # # # # # # #
7 #
8
9 13 20 14 20 22 18 23 15 12
10
11
12 14 23 8 18 16 20 10 10T
13
14 4 2 20 23 21 23 20 1T
15
16 25 28 8 33 26 20 7T
17
18
19 31 23 20 21 15 16 28 24 30 1T 3T
20
21 28 15 33 24 26 26 27 10

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

115 88 98 87 90 82 89 100 85 92 1T 1T 3T 17T
#: First pups recognizable in the mother's brood chamber.

T: dead pup

Concentration of 31.6 mg/l

Day
Puppies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 # # # # #
7 #
8
9 # # # #
10
11
12 6 6 15 18 5 11 10 10 2
13
14 23 28 31 5
15
16 6 10 10 20 10 8 11
17
18
19 8 16 5 16 4 22 7 15
20
21 25 16 15 6 6 10 5

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

68 32 64 80 25 53 26 28 19 26
#: First pups recognizable in the mother's brood chamber.

T: dead pup

Concentration of 100 mg/l

Day
Puppies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1
2
3
4
5 + + + + + + +
6
7 +
8
9 + +
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

+: dead in the mother's brood chamber

Concentration of 316 mg/l

Day
Puppies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1
2
3
4
5 + + + + + + + + + +
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

+: dead in the mother's brood chamber

Concentration of 1000 mg/l

Day
Puppies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
1
2
3
4
5 + + + + + + + + + +
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Reproduction rate at the 21th day

+: dead in the mother's brood chamber

MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS

Sampling time Concentration
Nominal Measured (mg/l) %
Initial condition Control < 0.2 -
10 6.4 64
100 804.7 80.5
48 hrs Control < 0.2 -
10 7.2 72
100 632.6 63.3
Renewal Control < 0.2 -
10 6.5 65
100 727.4 72.7
72 hrs Control < 0.2 -
10 6.3 63
100 667.7 66.8
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
The mortality of the parent animals does not exceed 20 % at the end of the test, in the control; nevertheless there are no information about the mean number of live offspring produced per parent animal surviving at the end of the test
Conclusions:
The reproductive NOEC (21 d) was found to be 6.59 mg/l (geom. mean).
Executive summary:

Method

The test substance chronic toxicity on aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia Magna) was evaluated according to the OECD guideline 211.

The nominal concentrations used were: 10, 31.6, 100, 316 and 1000 mg/l.

Results

Reproductive NOEC (21 d): 6.59 mg/l (geom. mean)

Mortality/immobilization NOEC (21 d): 31.6 mg/l (nominal)

Description of key information

NOEC 21d daphnids = 6.59 mg/l

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
6.59 mg/L

Additional information

A Daphnia magna reproductive study is available on the analogous substance CAS 16470-24-9 with NOEC reported as geometric mean because the difference between nominal and measured values is often greater than ± 20 %. The test was performed on a similar substance within the category of Stilbene Fluorescent Whitening Agents, the analogous dihydroxyethyl derivative tetrasulphonated sodium salt. The diethylamino substituent is less polar, less reactive and makes the molecule slightly less soluble compared to the dihydroxyethylamino derivative. The latter can therefore considered as a representative conservative analogous for the aquatic toxicity because of the higher bioavailability and higher reactivity with organic substrates. The Category Justification Report is attached to the section 13.