(2,3-dichlorophenyl)oxoacetonitrile

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study according to international accepted guidelines but not GLP compliant.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2013

Report date:

2013

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The concentrations of test substance were not analysed in this study. Only nominal concentrations were used.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(2,3-dichlorophenyl)oxoacetonitrile

EC Number:

278-747-9

EC Name:

(2,3-dichlorophenyl)oxoacetonitrile

Cas Number:

77668-42-9

Molecular formula:

C8H3Cl2NO

IUPAC Name:

2,3-dichlorobenzoyl cyanide

Test material form:

solid: crystalline

Details on test material:

Test item: 2,3-DICHLOROBENZOYL NITRILE
CAS No.: 77668-42-9
Batch No.: L36020N
Physical state: Yellow, crystalline powder
Colour: Light-yellow
Purity (GC): 96.48% (based on 2,3-DICHLOROBENZOYL NITRILE content)
Storage 15-30°C

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

At 24, 48 and 72 hours after the beginning of the test the alga cell concentrations were determined by microscopically counting with a Bürker chamber.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

OECD medium was used for inoculum and test cultures according to OECD 201 guideline. Deionised water was used for preparing the media. The media was sterilized by filtration. For the solid medium of seed stock cultures 5 % agar is added to the OECD medium.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

Test species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Korshikov) F.Hindák
Source: National Institute of Environmental Health
The seed stock culture was maintained on solid OECD medium. The alga cells were passed from old seed stock cultures to fresh solid medium in every two or three weeks. The new seed cultures were kept under continuous illumination for five or seven days. After this grow phase they were kept in refrigerator.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

21 ± 2 °C

pH:

The pH was measured at the beginning and the end of the test. At the beginning the pH was determined in an additionally prepared replicate. In the end the vessels were measured directly.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The following concentrations were applied: 0.08; 0.15; 0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 2.5; 6.00 and 15.00 mg/l.
The evaluation of toxic effect was based on the nominal concentrations of test item.

Details on test conditions:

Eight test solutions of different concentration were prepared by mixing appropriate volume of OECD medium and stock solution of the test substance. These concentrations were arranged in a geometric series with a maximum separation factor 2.5. Range of concentration of the test item for the test was determined previously in a range-finding test. The alga cell concentration in every dilution and the control levels were 4 991 cells/ml.
Three replicates were prepared at every test and six at the control level. The vessels contained 75 ml test media. At 24, 48 and 72 hours after the beginning of the test the alga cell concentrations were determined by microscopically counting with a Bürker chamber. The initial alga cell density was calculated from the dilution ratio of inoculum culture.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

0.25 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC20

Effect conc.:

0.32 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.52 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL

Details on results:

The statistical analyses of data were performed by ToxRat® software.
The NOEC and LOEC were determined with Fisher’s exact binominal test with Bonferroni correction. The results were inconclusive.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In this Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test for “2,3-Dichlorobenzoylcyanide” (CAS No. 77668-42-9) the results indicated that the test item is hazardous to the aquatic environment [GHS Acute aquatic hazard category 1. – 72 hr EC50 (for algae) ≤1.