1,1'-[methylenebis(oxy)]dibutane

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2002

Report date:

2002

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Butylal

IUPAC Name:

Butylal

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Butylal
- Physical state: Colourless liquid
- Analytical purity: > 99.99%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): Formaldehyde (0.0038% w/w), water (not detected), n butanol (not detected).
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: Formaldehyde (0.0038% w/w), water (not detected), n butanol (not detected), butylal (>99.99% w/w)
- Lot/batch No.: E971205
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: No expiry date
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature and protected from light

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Elevage Cunicole de Val de Selle, 80160 Prouzel, France.
- Age at study initiation: not specified
- Weight at study initiation: the animals had a mean body weight ± standard deviation of 2.7 ± 0.2 kg.
- Housing: The animals were housed individually in polystyrene cages (35 cm x 55 cm x 32 cm or 48.2 cm x 58 cm x 36.5 cm). Each cage was equipped with a food container and a water bottle.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): During the study, the animals had free access to 112 C pelleted diet (U.A.R., 91360 Villemoisson-sur-Orge, France). Each batch of food was analysed by the supplier for composition and contaminant levels.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Drinking water filtered by a F.G. Millipore membrane (0.22 micron) was provided ad libitum.
Bacteriological and chemical analysis of the water and diet, including the detection of possible contaminants (pesticides, heavy metals and nitrosamines), are performed regularly by external laboratories. The results of these analyses are archived at C.I.T. No contaminants are known to be present in the diet or drinking water at levels which may be expected to interfere with or prejudice the outcome of the study.
- Acclimation period: not specified

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70
The temperature and relative humidity were under continuous control and recording. The records were checked daily and retained. In addition to these daily checks, the housing conditions and corresponding instrumentation and equipment were verified and calibrated at regular intervals.
- Air changes (per hr): approximately 12 cycles/hour of filtered, non-recycled air
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

IN-LIFE DATES: not specified

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not required

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 ml
- Concentration (if solution): undiluted

VEHICLE
The test substance was used undiluted.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

72 hours

Observation period (in vivo):

72 hours

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
The eyes were not rinsed after administration of the test substance.

SCORING SYSTEM:
Ocular reactions were evaluated for each animal according to the following numerical scale:

CONJUNCTIVAL LESIONS AND DISCHARGES
Chemosis (lids and/or nictitating membranes)
(0) no swelling
(1) any swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes)
(2*) obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids
(3*) swelling with lids about half-closed
(4*) swelling with lids more than half-closed

Redness (refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae, cornea and iris)
(0) blood vessels normal
(1) a number of blood vessels definitely hyperemic (injected)
(2*) diffuse, crimson colour, individual vessels not easily discernible
(3*) diffuse, beefy red

Discharge
(0) absence of discharge
(1) slight discharge (does not include small amounts normally found in inner canthus)
(2) discharge with moistening of lids and hairs adjacent to lids
(3) discharge with moistening of lids and hairs on wide area around the eye

IRIS LESIONS
(0) normal
(1*) markedly deepened rugae, congestion, swelling, moderate circum-corneal hyperemia, or injection, any of these or combination of any thereof, iris still
reacting to light (sluggish reaction is positive)
(2*) no reaction to light, haemorrhage, gross destruction (any or all of these)

CORNEAL LESIONS
Cornea (direct examination or, if necessary, with an Ultra-Violet lamp)
To determine the presence or absence of corneal opacification and to evaluate the affected area, one or two drops of 0.5% sodium fluorescein solution can be instilled into the eye (however, this must not be performed before the 24-hour reading).
If corneal opacification is difficult to determine, the eye can be examined under a U.V. lamp (a clear fluorescence is visible in the areas of opacification).

Opacity (degree of intensity: area most dense taken for reading)
(0) no ulceration or opacity
(1*) scattered or diffuse areas of opacity (other than slight dulling or normal lustre), details of iris clearly visible
(2*) easily discernible translucent area, details of iris slightly obscured
(3*) nacrous areas, no details of iris visible, size of pupil barely discer
(4*) opaque cornea, iris not discernible through the opacity

Area of opacity
(1) one quarter (or less) but not zero
(2) greater than one quarter but less than a half
(3) greater than one half but less than three quarters
(4) greater than three quarters up to whole area.

Any other lesions observed were noted.

* indicates positive effect

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: fluorescein (batch 8617)

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - CHEMOSIS

Basis:

animal: #1 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: Day 3

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - CHEMOSIS

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - REDNESS

Basis:

animal: #1, #2 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: Day 3

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 4

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - DISCHARGE

Basis:

animal: #1, #2 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0

Max. score:

3

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 5

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Remarks:

- Mean scores

Basis:

animal: #1, #2 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 6

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - INTENSITY

Basis:

animal: #1, #2 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Results 7

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Remarks:

- Mean scores - AREA

Basis:

animal: #1, #2 and #3

Time point:

other: Days 2 (24h), 3 (48h) and 4 (72h)

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

other: non-irritating according to EEC criteria

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Very slight to slight conjunctival reactions were observed in all animals on days 1 and 2: very slight or slight chemosis (grade 1 or 2), very slight or slight redness of the conjunctiva (grade 1 or 2) and clear discharge were noted.
No other ocular reactions were observed.
Mean scores calculated for each animal over 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.3, 0.0 and 0.3 for chemosis, 0.3, 0.3 and 0.3 for redness of the conjunctiva, and 0.0 for iris lesions and corneal opacity.

Other effects:

None

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under our experimental conditions, the test substance BUTYLAL is non-irritant when administered by ocular route to rabbits.
According to the classification criteria laid down in Commission Directive 93/21/E.E.C., the test substance should not be classified as irritating to the eyes.

Executive summary:

The test substance BUTYLAL to induce ocular irritation was evaluated in rabbits according to O.E.C.D. (No. 405, 24th February 1987) and E.C. (92/69/E.E.C., B.5, 31st July 1992) guidelines. The study was conducted in compliance with the principles of Good Laboratory Practice Regulations.

The study design was established according to available information on the test substance and the above guidelines. As possible irritant effects were anticipated, a first assay was conducted in one male New Zealand White rabbit. Since the test substance did not show severe irritant properties in the first assay, it was evaluated in two other male New Zealand White rabbits in a second assay.

A single dose of 0.1 ml of the test substance was instilled into the left conjunctival sac. The right eye served as control. The test substance was used undiluted. The eyes were not rinsed after administration of the test substance. Ocular reactions were observed approximately 1 hour, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the administration. The mean values of the scores for chemosis, redness of the conjunctiva, iris lesions and corneal opacity were calculated for each animal. The interpretation of results was carried out according to the classification criteria laid down in Commission Directive 93/21/EEC (27th April 1993) adapting to technical progress for the

eighteenth time Council Directive 67/548/EEC.

Very slight to slight conjunctival reactions (very slight or slight chemosis, very slight or slight redness of the conjunctiva and clear discharge) were observed in all animals on days 1 and 2. No other ocular reactions were observed. Mean scores calculated for each animal over 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.3, 0.0 and 0.3 for chemosis, 0.3, 0.3 and 0.3 for redness of the conjunctiva, and 0.0 for iris lesions and corneal opacity.

Under our experimental conditions, the test substance BUTYLAL is non-irritant when administered by ocular route to rabbits.

According to the classification criteria laid down in Commission Directive 93/21/E.E.C., the test substance should not be classified as irritating to the eyes.