2,2'-dithiodi(benzoic acid)

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1993

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2,2'-dithiodi(benzoic acid)

EC Number:

204-352-8

EC Name:

2,2'-dithiodi(benzoic acid)

Cas Number:

119-80-2

Molecular formula:

C14H10O4S2

IUPAC Name:

2-[(2-carboxyphenyl)disulfanyl]benzoic acid

Test material form:

other: Solid

Details on test material:

The test material had a purity of 75.7%

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Details on test solutions:

-dose preparation: A 1000mg/l stock solution of test substance was prepared by dissolving 100mh of test substance in 1L dilution water. 1L of each test solution was prepared by adding aliquots of the stock solution to the dilution water.
-dilution water preparation: water was aerated for >2h before use.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Source: Continuous laboratory culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <24h
- Method of breeding: diploid parthenogenesis
- Food type: Chlorella vulgaris and commercially available microencapsulted diet Frippal
-Feeding: not fed during test 48h

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

178 mg CaCO3/l

Test temperature:

19-21 deg C

pH:

-measurement method: Corning Model 240 pH meter
-6.83-8.47

Dissolved oxygen:

-measurement method: Yellow Springs Instrument Company Model 51B meter
-8.7-9.1 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

-nominal: 0, 18, 32, 56, 100, 180, 320mg/l
-measured: 0, 19, 31, 54, 76, 170, 310 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

-test vessels: 250ml glass beakers containing 200ml test solution
-organisms/concentration: 20
-replicates/concentration: 4
-organisms/replicate: 5
-observations: 24 and 48h
-test criteria: Daphnia defined as affected if shoeing no whole body movement relative to water within a period of 15 seconds, even if movement of individual appendages was visible

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

230 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

170 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 48 hour EC50 for daphnia = 230 mg/l. The 48 hour NOEC = 170 mg/l