Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 271-904-2 | CAS number: 68611-70-1
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 20.6 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 6.1 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 52 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 100
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 117.8 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 56.5 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 35.6 mg/kg soil dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
Results from transformation/dissolution tests and acute aquatic toxicity testing demonstrate that ZnS has very limited solubility. As such, the substance is not classified for aquatic toxicity, and the results from eco-toxicity testing on soluble zinc compounds are not relevant for ZnS.
However, a basic assumption made in the hazard assessment of zinc compounds (in accordance to the same assumption made in the EU RA process) is that the ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc compounds is due to the Zn++ion. Therefore, the PNECs as derived for the soluble zinc compounds (zinc ion related) are also relevant for the insoluble ZnS, because they are expressed as “zinc ion”, not as the test compound. It is emphasised that the aquatic toxicity test results obtained on soluble zinc compounds are not relevant for ZnS.
Conclusion on classification
The results of the transformation/dissolution test (section 5.6.) demonstrate that ZnS is practically insoluble. Zinc is released from the ZnS only in a very limited way. The observed levels of zinc released in the medium after 7days are at all loadings below the reference concentrations for aquatic ecotoxicity at the pH range tested (reference values for acute aquatic zinc toxicity are 413 µg Zn/l and 136 µg Zn/l at pH 6 and pH 8 respectively).
The observed zinc concentration after 28 days at pH 6 at 1mg/l loading is also smaller than the lowest reference value for chronic aquatic toxicity (19µg Zn/l at pH 8). Considering this latter result, testing over 28 days at pH 8 was not considered relevant since a) the T/D rate and extent is lower at pH 8 than at pH 6, and b) the reference value for chronic aquatic zinc toxicity is higher at pH 6.
Based on these observations, ZnS is not classified for environmental effects.
General discussion
Results from transformation/dissolution tests and acute aquatic toxicity testing demonstrate that ZnS has very limited solubility. As such, the substance is not classified for aquatic toxicity, and the results from eco-toxicity testing on soluble zinc compounds are not relevant for ZnS.
However, a basic assumption made in the hazard assessment of zinc compounds (in accordance to the same assumption made in the EU RA process) is that the ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc compounds is due to the Zn++ion. Therefore, the PNECs as derived for the soluble zinc compounds (zinc ion related) are also relevant for the insoluble ZnS, because they are expressed as “zinc ion”, not as the test compound. It is emphasised that the aquatic toxicity test results obtained on soluble zinc compounds are not relevant for ZnS.
Copper content in GSS is highly low (about 100 ppm), and bonded to the structure of ZnS (Zn is partially substituted with Cu), and according to the water solubility test, there is no copper detected(less than 0.0251 mg/L at PH 8.9). So the classification of CuCl2 on the registered substance can be ignored.
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