4-vinylpyridine

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1991-1992

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Not a Guideline study. Used 4 strains of Salmonella typhimurium, but did not use E. coli strain of bacteria. Four concentrations of test material were used, rather than 5.

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1992

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

only utilized 4 strains of Salmonella typhimurium

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Similar to Guideline 471. Rather than using the standard positive controls, the authors used styrene and 4-(methylnitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone which served as controls for an in vivo segment of the study.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-vinylpyridine

EC Number:

202-852-0

EC Name:

4-vinylpyridine

Cas Number:

100-43-6

Molecular formula:

C7H7N

IUPAC Name:

4-ethenylpyridine

Test material form:

other: liquid

Details on test material:

4-Vinylpyridine obtained commercially and purified by precipitation in 1% HCL/acetone (v/v). Purity was greater than 99% as checked by GC-FID.

Method

Target gene:

histidine

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

liver of rodents induced with Arochlor.

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 micromol/plate, approximately equivalent to levels up to a concentration of 5000 ul/plate

Vehicle / solvent:

DMSO

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Remarks:

dimethyl sulfoxide

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Remarks:

NNK and styrene

Remarks:

part of an in vivo study using these positive controls

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

Used tester strains TA 1535, TA 1538, TA 98 And TA 100, with and without metabolic activation by Arochlor-induced S9 fraction. Concentration of S9 fraction added was not given. Strain of rodent for liver S9 fraction not given.

Evaluation criteria:

Comparison was made between mutation frequency in treated groups and vehicle controls. The mutation frequency in positive controls indicated the test was working properly.

Statistics:

Statistical significance was evaluated using the Student's t-test.

Results and discussion

Test results

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

at 25 and 50 micromol/plate

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

Toxicity to bacteria was exhibited by 4-vinylpyridine. At 5 and 10 micromol/plate, survival was 10-30%.

Remarks on result:

other: all strains/cell types tested

Remarks:

Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Any other information on results incl. tables

4-Vinylpyridine was not mutagenic to Salmonella strains under the conditions of this assay.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with and without metabolic activation

4-Vinylpyridine was not mutagenic to Salmonella strains TA 1535, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100, with and without metabolic activation, under the conditions of this assay.

Executive summary:

4-Vinylpyridine was tested in a standard Ames bacterial mutagenicity study using Salmonella strains TA 1535, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100, with and without metabolic activation. Under the conditions of this assay, the substance was not mutagenic.