Gum of Cistus ladaniferus (Cistaceae) obtained from stems and leaves by extraction with alkaline solution

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Based on a Read across strategy (same botanical species):

In a dermal irritation in vivo study (OECD 404) and in vitro (OECD 439) test items were not irritant to skin , therefore the registered substance is considered as non-irritant to the skin.

In an in vitro eye irritation study (OECD 437), and an in vivo eye irritation test (OECD 405), test items were not considered as irritant to the eyes therefore the registered substance is considered as non-irritant to the skin.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

February 18 to 23, 2015

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Version / remarks:

The procedure followed is based on the recommended EpiSkin™ SOP, Version 1.8 (February
2009), ECVAM Skin Irritation Validation Study.

Deviations:

not applicable

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)

Deviations:

not specified

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

UK GLP Compliance Program (inspected on March 12 to 14, 2014 / Signed on May 12, 2014)

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

other: EPISKIN™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Kit

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Cell source:

other: reconstructed epidermises

Details on animal used as source of test system:

Not relevant

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE:
Supplier: SkinEthic Laboratories, Lyon, France
Date received: 17 February 2015
Expiry date: 23 February 2015
EpiSkinTM Tissues (0.38cm2) lot number: 15-EKIN-007
Maintenance Medium lot number: 15-MAIN3-007
Assay Medium lot number: 15-ESSC-007

MAIN TEST:
Application of Test Item and Rinsing (Day 1): 2 mL of maintenance medium, warmed to approximately 37 °C, was pipetted into the second column of 3 wells of the 12 well plate. The test item was applied topically to the corresponding tissues ensuring uniform covering. 5 μL of sterile distilled water was topically applied to the epidermal surface in order to moisten the tissue culture surface to assist test item removal (see discussion). 10 µL (26.3 mg/cm2) of the test item was then applied to the epidermal surface. .

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: At the end of the exposure period, each tissue was removed from the well using forceps. For the test item treated tissues the test item was peeled off the tissue culture surface using a pair of sterile forceps prior to rinsing. The tissues were rinsed using a wash bottle containing DPBS with Ca++ and Mg++. Rinsing was achieved by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approximately 40 seconds using a constant soft stream of DPBS to gently remove any residual test item. The rinsed tissues were transferred to the second column of 3 wells containing 2 mL of maintenance medium in each well. The rinsed tissues were incubated at 37 oC, 5% CO2 in air for 42 hours.

MTT LOADING/FORMAZAN EXTRACTION (Day 3)
Following the 42-Hour post-exposure incubation period each 12-well plate was placed onto a plate shaker for 15 minutes to homogenize the released mediators in the maintenance medium. 1.6 mL of the maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labeled micro tubes and stored in a freezer at -14 to -30 ºC for possible inflammatory mediator determination.
2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution, freshly prepared in assay medium, was pipetted into the third column of 3 wells of the 12-well plate(s). The tissues were transferred to the MTT filled wells, being careful to remove any excess maintenance medium from the bottom of the tissue insert by blotting on absorbent paper. The tissues were incubated for 3 hours at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air. At the end of the 3-Hour incubation period each tissue was placed onto absorbent paper to dry. A total biopsy of the epidermis was made using the EPISKINTM biopsy punch. The epidermis was carefully separated from the collagen matrix using forceps and both parts (epidermis and collagen matrix) placed into labeled 1.5 mL micro tubes containing 500 μL of acidified isopropanol, ensuring that both the epidermis and collagen matrix were fully immersed. Each tube was plugged to prevent evaporation and mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer. The tubes were refrigerated at 1 to 10 °C until Day 6 of the experiment, allowing the extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues.

ABSORBANCE/ OPTICAL DENSITY MEASUREMENTS (Day 6):
At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer to produce a homogenous colored solution.
For each tissue, duplicate 200 μL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labeled 96-well plate. 200 μL of acidified isopropanol alone was added to the two wells designated as ‘blanks’. The optical density was measured (quantitative viability analysis) at 562 nm (without a reference filter) using the Anthos 2001 microplate reader.

VIABILITY CALCULATION:
- Data from individual replicate tissues (OD values and calculated percent tissue viability data for the test item and controls), mean percent tissue viability and standard deviation for each individual test item and control were reported in Table 7.3.1/1. The results were expressed as a viability percentage compared with the negative control: viability % = (mean OD test item / mean OD negative control) * 100

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- The test item was warmed to 70 °C to soften and then allowed to cool to 37 °C before use.
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 10 µL
- Concentration (if solution): Undiluted

The Test Item was a solid block and extremely sticky when at the using temperature of 37oC.
Test Item left adhered to the tissues would have been expected to have resulted in interference with the Optical Density measurements rendering the results unusable.
It was therefore considered that moistening the tissue culture surface with 5 μL of sterile water prior to application of the Test Item (as the method for application of solids) would increase the chance of adequate removal at the end of the exposure period without compromising the validity of the study.
At the end of the exposure period (rinsing) the Test Item was still required to be peeled off the tissue culture surface but not stuck fast (unable to remove). The fact that the Test Item need to be peeled away was considered to be evidence that adequate contact was achieved and the validity of the study was not compromised.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

15 minutes
At the end of the exposure period, tissues were rinsed and incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air for 42 h.

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

42 hours post-exposure period

Number of replicates:

3

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

105.9

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Direct MTT Reduction

The MTT solution containing the test item did not turn blue which indicated that the test item did not directly reduce MTT.

 

Table 7.3.1/1: Mean OD₅₆₂ Values and Percentage Viabilities for the Negative Control Item, Positive Control Item and Test Item

 

Item	OD562 of tissues	Mean OD562 of triplicate tissues	±SD of OD562	Relative individual tissue viability (%)	Relative mean viability (%)	± SD of Relative mean viability (%)
Negative Control Item	0.967	0.929	0.03	104.1	100*	3.5
	0.912			98.2
	0.909			97.8
Positive Control Item	0.063	0.065	0.02	6.8	7.0	1.7
	0.050			5.4
	0.082			8.8
Test Item	1.089	0.984	0.12	117.2	105.9	13.2
	0.849			91.4
	1.013			109.0

 

SD=Standard deviation; *= The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100%; OD₅₆₂= Optical Density

 

Quality Criteria

The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was 7.0% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 1.7%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

The mean OD562 for the negative control treated tissues was 0.929 and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 3.5%. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

The standard deviation calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically test item treated tissues was 13.2%. The test item acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, test material is not classified according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP).

Executive summary:

An in vitro skin irritation study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP, using the EPISKIN^TM reconstructed human epidermis model.

Triplicate tissues were treated with the test item for an exposure period of 15 minutes. At the end of the exposure period each tissue was rinsed before incubating for 42 hours. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period each tissue was taken for MTT-loading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labeled micro tubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT-loading a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 μL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labeled 96-well plate. The optical density was measured at 562 nm. Data are presented in the form of percentage viability (MTT reduction in the test item treated tissues relative to negative control tissues).

 

The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 105.9% after the 15-Minute exposure period and 42 hours post-exposure incubation period. The quality criteria required for acceptance of results in the test were satisfied.

 

Under the test conditions, test material is not classified according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1985

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

Purity of test item, environmental conditions of animal room not reported; Draize scoring not followed

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

(Purity of test item, environmental conditions of animal room not reported; Draize scoring not followed)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

no

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 9-12 weeks
- Housing: Animals were housed individually in suspended cages with wire mesh floors.
- Diet: Pelleted rabbit diet with vitamin and mineral supplements, ad libitum
- Water: Tap water, ad libitum

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

clipped

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 mL
- Concentration (if solution): Undiluted

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment

Number of animals:

8

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Dorsum of rabbits
- Type of wrap if used: Semiocclusive patch prepared by 25 x 25 mm, 16-ply gauze pad backed by a 20 x 30 mm strips of thin polythene and stuck to a 25 x 75 mm strip of zinc oxide plaster.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- After removal of patches, excess test item wiped from the skin with a damp tissue.

SCORING SYSTEM: Using 9-point scale ranging from "a" (very slight) to "h" (severe).

CONTROLS:
Diethyl phthalate and Geraniol

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

other: total score of 8 animals

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

9

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks on result:

other: individual scores not available

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

other: total score of 8 animals

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

9

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks on result:

other: individual scores not available

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Test item showed minimal/slight effects 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment

Other effects:

None

Table 7.3.1/1: Overall irritation score for each animal

 

Test item / control	Animal ear no.								Total irritation score per group
	2313	2314	2315	2320	2311	2312	2301	2318
Labdanum Resinoid Spanish A	2	1	1	0	-	2	2	1	9
Geraniol	6	4	6	4	-	6	6	6	38
Diethyl phthalate	1	0	1	1	-	1	0	0	4

 

Animal 2311 killed at 4 h; broken back

The control diethyl phthalate showed very little effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

The control Geraniol showed moderate/strong effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, the test item induces minimal/slight irritation 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment. Therefore the test item is not classified as irritant to the skin

Executive summary:

In a dermal irritation study, 0.5 mL of undiluted test item was dermally applied on the clipped dorsum of 8 New Zealand White rabbits for 4 h under semi-occlusive dressing. Skin irritation was assessed and scored at 24, 48 and 72 h after the removal of the patch. Diethyl phthalate and Geraniol were used as controls in this study.

Test item showed minimal/slight effects 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment.

The control diethyl phthalate showed very little effects 24 and 72 h after treatment. The control Geraniol showed moderate/strong effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Under the test conditions, the test item induces minimal/slight irritation 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment. Therefore the test item is not classified as irritant to the skin.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Cistus concrete and Labdanum gum are obtained from the same botanical source, the Cistus ladaniferus (Cistaceae)

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

105.9

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Direct MTT Reduction

The MTT solution containing the test item did not turn blue which indicated that the test item did not directly reduce MTT.

 

Table 7.3.1/1: Mean OD₅₆₂ Values and Percentage Viabilities for the Negative Control Item, Positive Control Item and Test Item

 

Item	OD562 of tissues	Mean OD562 of triplicate tissues	±SD of OD562	Relative individual tissue viability (%)	Relative mean viability (%)	± SD of Relative mean viability (%)
Negative Control Item	0.967	0.929	0.03	104.1	100*	3.5
	0.912			98.2
	0.909			97.8
Positive Control Item	0.063	0.065	0.02	6.8	7.0	1.7
	0.050			5.4
	0.082			8.8
Test Item	1.089	0.984	0.12	117.2	105.9	13.2
	0.849			91.4
	1.013			109.0

 

SD=Standard deviation; *= The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100%; OD₅₆₂= Optical Density

 

Quality Criteria

The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was 7.0% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 1.7%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

The mean OD562 for the negative control treated tissues was 0.929 and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 3.5%. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

The standard deviation calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically test item treated tissues was 13.2%. The test item acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, test material is not classified according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP), Therefore the test substance is not considered as irritant.

Executive summary:

An in vitro skin irritation study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP, using the EPISKIN^TM reconstructed human epidermis model.

Triplicate tissues were treated with the test item for an exposure period of 15 minutes. At the end of the exposure period each tissue was rinsed before incubating for 42 hours. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period each tissue was taken for MTT-loading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labeled micro tubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT-loading a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 μL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labeled 96-well plate. The optical density was measured at 562 nm. Data are presented in the form of percentage viability (MTT reduction in the test item treated tissues relative to negative control tissues).

 

The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 105.9% after the 15-Minute exposure period and 42 hours post-exposure incubation period. The quality criteria required for acceptance of results in the test were satisfied.

 

Under the test conditions, test material is not classified according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP). Therefore the test substance is not considered as irritant.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

Labdanum resinoid and Labdanum gum are obtained from the same botanical source, the Cistus ladaniferus (Cistaceae)

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

other: total score of 8 animals

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

9

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks on result:

other: individual scores not available

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

other: total score of 8 animals

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

9

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks on result:

other: individual scores not available

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Test item showed minimal/slight effects 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment

Other effects:

None

Table 7.3.1/1: Overall irritation score for each animal

 

Test item / control	Animal ear no.								Total irritation score per group
	2313	2314	2315	2320	2311	2312	2301	2318
Labdanum Resinoid Spanish A	2	1	1	0	-	2	2	1	9
Geraniol	6	4	6	4	-	6	6	6	38
Diethyl phthalate	1	0	1	1	-	1	0	0	4

 

Animal 2311 killed at 4 h; broken back

The control diethyl phthalate showed very little effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

The control Geraniol showed moderate/strong effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, the test item induces minimal/slight irritation 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment. Therefore the registered substance is not classified as irritant to the skin

Executive summary:

In a dermal irritation study, 0.5 mL of undiluted test item was dermally applied on the clipped dorsum of 8 New Zealand White rabbits for 4 h under semi-occlusive dressing. Skin irritation was assessed and scored at 24, 48 and 72 h after the removal of the patch. Diethyl phthalate and Geraniol were used as controls in this study.

Test item showed minimal/slight effects 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment.

The control diethyl phthalate showed very little effects 24 and 72 h after treatment. The control Geraniol showed moderate/strong effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Under the test conditions, the test item induces minimal/slight irritation 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment. Therefore the test item is not classified as irritant to the skin. Therefore the registered substance is not considered as irritant.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

February 19, 2015

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP study conducted according to OECD test Guideline No. 437 without any deviation.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

UK GLP Compliance Program (inspected on March 12 to 14, 2014 / Signed on May 12, 2014)

Species:

other: Bovine eye

Strain:

not specified

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Eyes from adult cattle (typically 12 to 60 months old) were obtained from a local abattoir as a by-product from freshly slaughtered animals. The eyes were excised by an abattoir employee after slaughter, and were placed in Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) supplemented with antibiotics (penicillin at 100 IU/mL and streptomycin at 100 µg/mL). They were transported to the test facility over ice packs on the same day of slaughter. The corneas were prepared immediately on arrival.

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Test Item Formulation and Experimental Preparation: The test item was warmed and melted to 70 °C and then allowed to cool to 32 °C before use.
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.75 mL was applied on each cornea

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Each holder was incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 ºC for 10 minutes.

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

The holders were incubated, anterior chamber facing forward, at 32 ± 1 ºC for 120 minutes.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

Total: 9 corneas - 3 corneas/group for test item, negative and positive controls

Details on study design:

Details of test procedure:
- Treatment of corneas: Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered adult cattle (from a local abattoir) were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of each BCOP holder were filled with complete Eagle’s minimum essential medium (MEM) and incubated for 60 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. Before the treatment, opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer. MEM was removed from anterior chamber and the test item (0.75 mL) was applied on each cornea. The holders were incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 °C for 10 minutes. At the end of the exposure period the test item and control items were removed from the anterior chamber and the cornea was rinsed three times with fresh complete MEM containing phenol red before a final rinse with complete MEM without phenol red. The anterior chamber was refilled with fresh complete MEM without phenol red. A post-treatment opacity reading was taken and each cornea was visually observed. The holders were incubated, anterior chamber facing forward, at 32 ± 1 ºC for 120 minutes. After incubation the holders were removed from the incubator and a final opacity reading was taken. Each cornea was visually observed.
- Application of sodium fluorescein: Following the opacity measurement the permeability of the corneas to sodium fluorescein was evaluated. The medium from the posterior and anterior chambers were removed, the posterior chamber is replaced with fresh complete MEM and the anterior chamber is replaced with 1 mL of sodium fluorescein solution 4 mg/mL). The dosing holes were plugged and the holders incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 °C for 90 minutes.
- Permeability determinations: After incubation the medium in the posterior chamber of each holder was decanted and retained. 360 µL of medium representing each cornea was applied to a designated well on a 96-well plate and the optical density at 492 nm (OD492) was measured using the Anthos 2001 microplate reader.

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

0.2

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) for test item, negative and positive controls were 0.2, 1.9 and 46.2, respectively.
- Corneal Epithelium Condition: The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation

Criteria for an Acceptable Test

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 – 51.0. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

 

The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080. The negative control acceptance criteria were therefore satisfied.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.

Executive summary:

In an in vitro eye irritation study performed according to the OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP, 0.75 mL of undiluted test item was applied to isolated bovine corneas for 10 minutes followed by an incubation period of 120 minutes. Three corneas were used for each treated series (undiluted test item; negative control; positive control: ethanol). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer.The two endpoints, decreased light transmission through the cornea (opacity) and increased passage of sodium fluorescein dye through the cornea (permeability) were combined in an empirically derived formula to generate an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS).

The test item, negative and positive control induced an IVIS of 0.2, 1.9 and 46.2, respectively. The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.

 

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 to 51.0, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied. The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied.

 

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 and the Directive 67/548/EEC.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1985

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

purity of test item, environmental condition of animal room not reported; two animals used per concentration

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

(purity of test item, environmental condition of animal room not reported; two animals used per concentration)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

no

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 9 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 1.8-2.0 kg
- Housing: Animals were housed individually in cages with wire mesh floors.
- Diet: Certified pelleted commercial rabbit diet, ad libitum
- Water: Tap water, ad libitum

Vehicle:

other: Tween 80

Controls:

not required

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 10 µL
- Concentration: 50% and 100%

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Eyes of the animals were not rinsed

Observation period (in vivo):

Eyes were examined 15 minutes and 24 h after treatment and thereafter at daily intervals for 3-5 days.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

2 animals per concentration

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: No

SCORING SYSTEM: According to ‘Draize scale’

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Slit-lamp

Eyes were examined before application of test item and at daily intervals afterwards with a slit lamp and corneal swelling was measured.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.17

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritant / corrosive response data:

50% concentration: Two rabbits were treated, one showing discomfort. Both eyes showed a marked but transient reddening of the conjunctivae. Corneal effects were insignificant. Both eyes healed by day 3.
100% concentration: Two eyes showed only transient conjunctival redness. Both corneas were unaffected, and both eyes healed by day 3.

Other effects:

None

None

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test condition, the test item is not irritating to eyes

Executive summary:

In an eye irritation study, 10 µL of test item (50 and 100 %) was instilled into one eye of New Zealand White rabbits by gently pulling the lower eyelid away from the eyeball. The eye was not rinsed after the instillation of test material. Eyes were examined 15 minutes and 24 h after treatment and thereafter at daily intervals for 3-5 days and reaction were graded according to the ‘Draize method’.

50% concentration: Two rabbits were treated, one showing discomfort. Both eyes showed a marked but transient reddening of the conjunctivae. Corneal effects were insignificant. Both eyes healed by day 3.

100% concentration: Two eyes showed only transient conjunctival redness. Both corneas were unaffected, and both eyes healed by day 3.

Test item showed very slight irritancy and irritant effect was completely reversible within 3 days.

 

Under the test condition, the test item is not irritating to eyes.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Justification for type of information:

Cistus concrete and Labdanum gum are obtained from the same botanical source, the Cistus ladaniferus (Cistaceae)

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

0.2

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) for test item, negative and positive controls were 0.2, 1.9 and 46.2, respectively.
- Corneal Epithelium Condition: The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation

Criteria for an Acceptable Test

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 – 51.0. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

 

The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080. The negative control acceptance criteria were therefore satisfied.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008. Therefore the test substance is not considered as irritant.

Executive summary:

In an in vitro eye irritation study performed according to the OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP, 0.75 mL of undiluted test item was applied to isolated bovine corneas for 10 minutes followed by an incubation period of 120 minutes. Three corneas were used for each treated series (undiluted test item; negative control; positive control: ethanol). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer.The two endpoints, decreased light transmission through the cornea (opacity) and increased passage of sodium fluorescein dye through the cornea (permeability) were combined in an empirically derived formula to generate an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS).

The test item, negative and positive control induced an IVIS of 0.2, 1.9 and 46.2, respectively. The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.

 

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 to 51.0, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied. The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied.

 

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 . Therefore the test substance is not considered as irritant.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

Labdanum resinoid and Labdanum gum are obtained from the same botanical source, the Cistus ladaniferus (Cistaceae)

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.17

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 50% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 3 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 2 days

Remarks on result:

other: 100% concentration

Irritant / corrosive response data:

50% concentration: Two rabbits were treated, one showing discomfort. Both eyes showed a marked but transient reddening of the conjunctivae. Corneal effects were insignificant. Both eyes healed by day 3.
100% concentration: Two eyes showed only transient conjunctival redness. Both corneas were unaffected, and both eyes healed by day 3.

Other effects:

None

None

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the test condition, the test item is not irritating to eyes. Therefore the registrered substance is not considered as irritant

Executive summary:

In an eye irritation study, 10 µL of test item (50 and 100 %) was instilled into one eye of New Zealand White rabbits by gently pulling the lower eyelid away from the eyeball. The eye was not rinsed after the instillation of test material. Eyes were examined 15 minutes and 24 h after treatment and thereafter at daily intervals for 3-5 days and reaction were graded according to the ‘Draize method’.

50% concentration: Two rabbits were treated, one showing discomfort. Both eyes showed a marked but transient reddening of the conjunctivae. Corneal effects were insignificant. Both eyes healed by day 3.

100% concentration: Two eyes showed only transient conjunctival redness. Both corneas were unaffected, and both eyes healed by day 3.

Test item showed very slight irritancy and irritant effect was completely reversible within 3 days.

 

Under the test condition, the test item is not irritating to eyes. Therefore the registrered substance is not considered as irritant

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Skin irritation:

An in vitro skin irritation study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP, using the EPISKIN^TMreconstructed human epidermis model.

Triplicate tissues were treated with the test item for an exposure period of 15 minutes. At the end of the exposure period each tissue was rinsed before incubating for 42 hours. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period each tissue was taken for MTT-loading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labeled micro tubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT-loading a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 μL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labeled 96-well plate. The optical density was measured at 562 nm. Data are presented in the form of percentage viability (MTT reduction in the test item treated tissues relative to negative control tissues).

 The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 105.9% after the 15-Minute exposure period and 42 hours post-exposure incubation period.The quality criteria required for acceptance of results in the test were satisfied.

 

In a dermal irritation study, 0.5 mL of undiluted test item was dermally applied on the clipped dorsum of 8 New Zealand White rabbits for 4 h under semi-occlusive dressing. Skin irritation was assessed and scored at 24, 48 and 72 h after the removal of the patch. Diethyl phthalate and Geraniol were used as controls in this study.

Test item showed minimal/slight effects 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment.

The control diethyl phthalate showed very little effects 24 and 72 h after treatment. The control Geraniol showed moderate/strong effects 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Under the test conditions, the test item induces minimal/slight irritation 24 h after treatment and virtually no effects 72 h after treatment. Therefore the test item is not classified as irritant to the skin.Therefore the registered substance is not considered as irritant.

Eye irritation:

In an in vitro eye irritation study performed according to the OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP, 0.75 mL of undiluted test item was applied to isolated bovine corneas for 10 minutes followed by an incubation period of 120 minutes. Three corneas were used for each treated series (undiluted test item; negative control; positive control: ethanol). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer.The two endpoints, decreased light transmission through the cornea (opacity) and increased passage of sodium fluorescein dye through the cornea (permeability) were combined in an empirically derived formula to generate an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS).

The test item, negative and positive control induced an IVIS of 0.2, 1.9 and 46.2, respectively. The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.

 The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 to 51.0, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied. The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied.

 

In an eye irritation study, 10 µL of test item (50 and 100 %) was instilled into one eye of New Zealand White rabbits by gently pulling the lower eyelid away from the eyeball. The eye was not rinsed after the instillation of test material. Eyes were examined 15 minutes and 24 h after treatment and thereafter at daily intervals for 3-5 days and reaction were graded according to the ‘Draize method’.

50% concentration: Two rabbits were treated, one showing discomfort. Both eyes showed a marked but transient reddening of the conjunctivae. Corneal effects were insignificant. Both eyes healed by day 3.

100% concentration: Two eyes showed only transient conjunctival redness. Both corneas were unaffected, and both eyes healed by day 3.

Test item showed very slight irritancy and irritant effect was completely reversible within 3 days.

 Under the test condition, the test item is not irritating to eyes.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Self classification:

Based on the available data no additional self-classification is proposed regarding both skin and eye irritation according to the Annex VI of the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) and to the GHS.

No data was available regarding respiratory irritation. However, the substance not being classified for skin and eye irritation, no classification is expected for respiratory irritation .