Aluminate(1-), tetrafluoro-, cesium (1:1), (T-4)-

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The oral LD50 exceeds 2000 mg/kg body weight.

The inhalatory LC50 (4 hours) was determined at 1 -5 mg/L for male and female rats.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2017-01-13 to 2017-03-16

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)

Version / remarks:

December 2001
*Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, B.1.tris
*EPA Health Effects Test Guidelines (OPPTS 870.1100), United States, EPA 712-C-98-190 (1998)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

June 2015

Test type:

acute toxic class method

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH, Sandhofer Weg 7, D-97633 Sulzfeld
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: 8 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: 214 – 237 g
- Fasting period before study: On the night before treatment, the animals were fasted. The food but not water was withheld during an overnight period. The food was made available again at about 3 hours after the treatment.
- Housing: standard housing conditions ; 3 animals / cage, Type II polypropylene/polycarbonate cages, “Lignocel 3/4-S Hygienic Animal Bedding” and “Arbocel crinklets natural” nest building material produced by J. Rettenmaier & Söhne GmbH & Co.KG (D-73494 Rosenberg, Germany) were available to animals during the study.
- Enrichment: Animals were housed by group to allow social interaction and with deep wood sawdust bedding to allow digging and other normal rodent activities.
- Diet: ssniff® SM R/M "Autoclavable complete diet for rats and mice – breeding and maintenance" produced by ssniff Spezialdiäten GmbH, D-59494 Soest, Germany (Batch number: 141 8884, expiry date: 31 January 2017 and Batch number:
484 14771, expiry date: 30 June 2017), ad libitum
- Water: tap water from the municipal supply, as for human consumption from 500 ml bottles, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 12 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.6 - 25.8°C
- Humidity (%): 26 - 66%
- Air changes (per hr): 15 – 20 air exchanges/hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours daily, from 6.00 am to 6.00 pm

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

methylcellulose

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 200 mg/mL
- Justification for choice of vehicle: The selection of the vehicle was made during trial formulations with the test item.
- Lot/batch no.: 2H22012N32
- Purity: 1% methylcellulose

CLASS METHOD
- Rationale for the selection of the starting dose: The initial dose level was selected by the Study Director to be that which is most likely to produce mortality in some of the dosed animals. In the lack of any preliminary toxicological information, 2000 mg/kg bw was selected to be the starting dose.

Doses:

2000 mg/kg

No. of animals per sex per dose:

3

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days

- Clinical Observations
Clinical observations were performed at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hours after dosing and daily for 14 days thereafter. Individual observations were performed on the skin, fur, eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory, circulatory, autonomic and central nervous system, somatomotor activity and behaviour pattern. Particular attention was directed to observation of tremors, convulsions, salivation, diarrhoea, lethargy, sleep and coma.

- Body Weight Measurement
The body weight was recorded on the day before treatment (Day -1), on the day of the treatment (Day 0), Day 7 and Day 14.
 
- Necropsy
All animals were subjected to a necropsy and a macroscopic examination. The animals were exsanguinated after verification of narcosis following an injection of pentobarbital sodium (Release; Lot No.: 106075, expiry date: July 2018, produced by: Wirtschaftsgenossenschaft deutscher Tierärzte eG, Siemensstr. 14, 30827 Garbsen, Germany). After examination of the external appearance, the cranial, thoracic and abdominal cavities were opened and the appearance of the tissues and organs were observed. All gross macroscopic changes were recorded for each animal.

Statistics:

No statistics were performed.

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

Test item did not cause mortality at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw.

Clinical signs:

No treatment-related observations were recorded at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw. All animals were symptom-free during the study.

Body weight:

There was no indication of a test item-related effect on body weight or body weight gain during the study.

Gross pathology:

There was no evidence of the macroscopic changes at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of this study, the acute oral LD50 value of the test item Cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was found to be above 2000 mg/kg bw in female CRL:(WI) rats.

Executive summary:

The single-dose oral toxicity of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was performed according to the acute toxic class method (OECD 423 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, B.1.tris) in CRL:(WI) rats and GLP conditions.

Two groups of three females were treated at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw resulting in no mortality. All animals were symptom-free during the 14 -day observation period at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw. There were no effects on body weights or body weight gain that could be attributed to treatment with cesium tetrafluoroaluminate. There was no evidence of macroscopic observations in animals dosed at 2000 mg/kg bw and terminated on Day 14. Under the conditions of the study, the acute oral LD50 value of the test item cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was found to be above 2000 mg/kg bw.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Quality of whole database:

GLP compliant guideline study, klimisch 1

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 5 June 2013 (Start of in-life phase) to 25 November 2013 (GLP compliance statement)

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.2 (Acute Toxicity (Inhalation))

Deviations:

not specified

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 870.1300 (Acute inhalation toxicity)

Deviations:

not specified

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (JMAFF), 12 Nohsan, Notification No. 8147, April 2011; including the most recent partial revision

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test type:

acute toxic class method

Limit test:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 07 May 2014
- Before use the test substance was grounded with an automatic grinder (PM100, Retsch, Ochten, The Netherlands).

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Deutschland, Sulzfeld, Germany.
- Health inspection: At least prior to exposure. It was ensured that the animals were healthy and without any abnormality that might affect the study integrity.
- Age at study initiation: Young adult animals were selected (approximately 10-11 weeks old).
- Weight at study initiation: Animals used within the study were of approximately the same age and body weight variation did not exceed +/- 20% of the sex mean.
- Fasting period before study: none
- Housing: Group housing of five animals per sex per cage in labelled Makrolon cages (type IV; height 18 cm) containing sterilised sawdust as bedding material (Litalabo, S.P.P.S., Argenteuil, France) and paper as cage-enrichment (Enviro-dri, Wm. Lillico & Son (Wonham Mill Ltd), Surrey, United Kingdom).
Animal husbandry on the Day of exposure : The animals were moved to the inhalation area to in order to perform the exposure. During the exposure, there was no access to food and water. After exposure, the animals were returned their cages which were placed in a fume cupboard for a short time period to allow test substance remnants to evaporate. A sheet of filter paper was used to cover the bedding material to prevent suffocation in case of bad health condition and in order to recover and to aid the clinical observations. The sheet was removed and before the end of the exposure day, the animals were returned the animal room.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to pelleted rodent diet (SM R/M-Z from SSNIFF® Spezialdiäten GmbH, Soest, Germany) except during exposure to the test substance.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to tap water except during exposure to the test substance.
- Acclimation period: Acclimatisation period was at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions.
Diet, water, bedding and cage enrichment evaluation for contaminants and/or nutrients was performed according to facility standard procedures.
There were no findings that could interfere with the study.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): Environmental controls for the animal room were set to maintain 18 to 24°C
- Humidity (%): a relative humidity of 40 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): approximately 15 room air changes/hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle
Any variations to these conditions were maintained in the raw data and had no effect on the outcome of the study.

IN-LIFE DATES: From: 6 June 2013 To: 27 June 2013

Route of administration:

inhalation: aerosol

Type of inhalation exposure:

nose only

Vehicle:

air

Details on inhalation exposure:

GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure chamber:
The design of the exposure chamber is based on the flow past nose-only inhalation chamber (Am. Ind. Hyg Assoc. J. 44(12): 923-928, 1983). The chamber consisted of three animal sections with eight animal ports each. Each animal port had its own atmosphere inlet and exhaust outlet. The animals were placed in restraining tubes and connected to the animal ports. The number of animal sections and number of open inlets were adapted to the air flow in such a way that at each animal port the theoretical air flow was at least 1 L/min, which ensures an adequate oxygen supply to the animals. The main inlet of the test atmosphere was located at the top section and the main outlet was located at the bottom section. The direction of the flow of the test atmosphere guaranteed a freshly generated atmosphere for each individual animal.
All components of the exposure chamber in contact with the test material were made of stainless steel, glass, rubber or plastic. To avoid exposure of the personnel and contamination of the laboratory the exposure chamber was placed in a fume hood, which maintained at a slight negative pressure.

- Test atmosphere generation :
For the generation of 5 mg/L, the test substance was fed to a stream of humidified pressurized air by means of a spiral feeder (Randcastle Extrusion Systems, Cedar Grove, NJ, USA) and an air mover (type 611210-060, Foxvalve, Dover NJ, USA). The primary aerosol was let through a cyclone (allowing
large particles to settle) and diluted with pressurized air before it entered the exposure chamber. The rotation speed of the feeder was varied to obtain the desired exposure concentration. The mean total airflow used was 36 L/min.
For the generation of 1 mg/L, the test substance was fed to a stream of pressurized air using a combination of a brush feeder and air mover (AIR-VAC, Milford, CT, USA). The aerosol was passed through a cyclone, allowing larger particles to settle, before it entered the exposure chamber
(Appendix 1, Figure 1). The mean total airflow was 22 L/min.
From the exposure chamber the test atmospheres were passed through a filter before it was released to the exhaust of the fume hood.

- Method of holding animals in test chamber:
see section "details on test animals and environmental conditions".

- Method of particle size determination:
The particle size distribution was characterized twice during each exposure period. The samples were drawn (2 L/min) from the test atmosphere through a tube mounted in one of the free animal ports of the middle section of the exposure chamber. The samples were collected with an 8 stage Marple personal cascade impactor containing fiber glass filters (SKC 225-713, fiber glass, SKC Omega Specialty Division, Chelmsford, MA, USA) and a fiber glass back-up filter (SEC-290-F1, Westech, Upper Stondon, Bedfordshire, England). Amounts of test substance collected were measured gravimetrically. Subsequently the Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) and the Geometric Standard Deviation (GSD) were determined.

- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber:
The temperature and relative humidity were measured with a humidity and temperature indicator (E+E Elektronik, Engerwitzdorf, Austria) and were recorded after the animals were placed in the experimental set-up and at 30 minute intervals after initiation of the exposure. The probe was inserted in a tube mounted in one of the free animal ports of the middle section of the exposure chamber.
The temperature of the atmosphere during the exposures was between 21.9 and 23.0°C. The relative humidity was between 38% and 50%. These conditions were considered appropriate for this relatively short 4 hours exposure duration.

TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used:
A total of 23 representative samples were taken for determination of the actual concentration during exposure at 5 and 1 mg/L. Samples were drawn from the test atmosphere through a tube mounted in one of the free animal ports of the middle section of the exposure chamber. Samples were drawn
through a glass fiber filter (type APFC04700, Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The collected amount the test substance in the air sample was measured gravimetrically. Sample volumes were measured by means of a dry gas meter (type G 1.6, Actaris Meterfabriek B.V., Dordrecht, The Netherlands).
Subsequently the time-weighted mean concentrations with the standard deviations were calculated.

It was shown during the trial generations that the opacity of the test atmosphere could not be reliably monitored by means of an aerosol monitoring system. An indication of the stability of the test atmosphere was obtained from the concentration measurements, which were equally distributed over time.

- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes

VEHICLE
No vehicle used except air.

TEST ATMOSPHERE (if not tabulated)
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter) / GSD (Geometric st. dev.): The Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (gsd) were determined twice. At 5 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.1 μm (gsd 1.8) and 2.3 μm (gsd 1.9). At 1 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.8 μm (gsd 1.7) and 2.6 μm (gsd 1.6)

CLASS METHOD
- Rationale for the selection of the starting concentration: Target concentrations were based on the cut off concentration values specified in the UN and EC classification guidelines. Five animals of each sex were exposed in a limit test for 4 hours to a target concentration of the test substance of 5 mg/L. Based on the results, five additional animals of each sex were exposed to 1 mg/L.

Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:

yes

Remarks:

gravimetrically measurement

Duration of exposure:

4 h

Concentrations:

1 and 5 mg/L.

The nominal concentration was calculated by dividing the amount of test substance used by the volume of pressurized air (average air flow times exposure time) entering the exposure chamber used for exposure of the animals. Due to the small volume of the exposure chamber the equilibrium time was negligible. The volume of air was calculated from the average air flow (measured by means of thermal mass flow meters and was recorded regularly, preferably in 30 minute intervals) and the exposure time.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 males and 5 females (females were nulliparous and non-pregnant) per exposure level.

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Treatment:
Prior to each exposure, both eyes of each rat were instilled with Opthosan (AST Farma BV, Oudewater, The Netherlands) to protect the eyes against potential irritation by the test substance. Prior to exposure the animals were restrained in polycarbonate restraining tubes; these tubes were connected to the exposure chamber. Twenty-four or Nineteen minutes after the last animal was placed the generation of the test atmosphere was started. The exposure time was 4 hours.

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days

- Frequency of observations and weighing:
Mortality/Viability: Twice daily. The time of death was recorded as precisely as possible.
Body weights: Days 1 (pre-administration), 2, 4, 8 and 15 and at death (if found dead or sacrificed after Day 1).

- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
The moribund animals and animals surviving to the end of the observation period were sacrificed by an intraperitoneal injection with Euthasol ® (AST Farma BV, Oudewater, The Netherlands). All animals assigned to the study were subjected to necropsy and descriptions of all internal macroscopic abnormalities were recorded. Particular attention was given to any changes in the respiratory tract.

- Other examinations performed:
clinical signs during exposure: three times during exposure for mortality, behavioural signs of distress and effects on respiration.
clinical signs after exposure : On Day 1, one and three hours after exposure and once daily thereafter until Day 15. The symptoms were graded according to fixed scales and the time of onset, degree and duration were recorded:
Maximum grade 4: grading slight (1) to very severe (4)
Maximum grade 3: grading slight (1) to severe (3)
Maximum grade 1: presence is scored (1).

- Electronic capture data :
Observations/measurements in the study were recorded electronically using the following programs:
REES Centron Environmental Monitoring system version SQL 2.0 (REES Scientific, Trenton, NJ, USA): Environmental monitoring.
TOXDATA version 8.0 (WIL Research Europe B.V., ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands): Mortality / Clinical signs / Body weights. Clinical signs during exposure or not defined in TOXDATA and body weights of decedent animals were recorded manually.

Statistics:

No statistical analysis was performed.

Preliminary study:

No preliminary study has been performed.

Key result

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

> 1 - < 5 mg/L air (analytical)

Based on:

test mat.

Exp. duration:

4 h

Mortality:

After exposure to 5 mg/L, two animals were sacrificed on Day 2 for ethical reasons. On Day 3, one animal was found dead and the other animals were sacrificed for ethical reasons. No mortality occurred at 1 mg/L.

Clinical signs:

other: At 5 mg/L, slow breathing was noted in all animals during exposure. After exposure, lethargy, hunched posture, laboured respiration, rales, piloerection, chromodacryorrhoea and/or ptosis were seen among the animals. Gasping was seen in one female on day 2

Body weight:

Body weight loss and reduced body weight gain was seen among the animals during the first week post-exposure. All animal regained weight during the second week.

Gross pathology:

Macroscopic post mortem examination revealed abnormalities in the lungs (discolouration pale or gray-white, fluid or foamy fluid released from the bronchi, dark red foci) of three animals exposed to 5 mg/L and sacrificed on Day 2 or 3. No further abnormalities were found in any of the animals.

Test atmosphere characterization: Concentration

For the exposure to 5 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 5.6 ± 0.2 mg/L. The nominal concentration was 52.8 mg/L. The generation efficiency (ratio of actual and nominal concentration) was 11%. For the exposure to 1 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 1.2 ± 0.04 mg/L. The nominal concentration was 28 mg/L. The generation efficiency (ratio of actual and nominal concentration) was 4%.

The measurement concentrations varied over the exposure period. Variations occurred both above and below the target concentrations. The effect of these variations on the actual exposure level was taken into account by calculating the time-weighted mean concentrations and evaluating a larger number of measurements (23 samples instead of 5). Overall, it was considered that the test atmospheres were sufficiently stable to predict the toxicity of the achieved actual exposure levels. The exposures were interrupted briefly once (5 mg/L) or twice (1 mg/L) by adjustments to the generation equipment. The generation times were prolonged in order to compensate for these short interruptions.

Interpretation of results:

harmful

Conclusions:

The inhalatory LC50, 4h value of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in Wistar rats was established to be within the range of 1 – 5 mg/L.

Executive summary:

The acute inhalation toxicity of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in the rat was investigated according to the OECD Testing Guideline 403 and under GLP.

Cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was administered as an aerosol by inhalation for 4 hours to one group of five male and five female Wistar rats at 5 mg/L.Based on the results, five additional animals of each sex were exposed to 1 mg/L. Animals were subjected to daily observations and determination of body weights on Days 1, 2, 4, 8 and 15 and at death. Macroscopic examination was performed on the day of death or after terminal sacrifice (Day 15).

For the exposure to 5 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 5.6 ± 0.2 mg/L. For the exposure to 1 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 1.2 ± 0.04 mg/L. The test atmospheres were considered sufficiently stable.

The Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (gsd) were determined twice. At 5 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.1 μm (gsd 1.8) and 2.3 μm (gsd 1.9). At 1 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.8 μm (gsd 1.7) and 2.6 μm (gsd 1.6).

After exposure to 5 mg/L, two animals were sacrificed on Day 2 for ethical reasons. On Day 3, one animal was found dead and the other animals were sacrificed for ethical reasons. No mortality occurred at 1 mg/L. At 5 mg/L, slow breathing was noted in all animals during exposure. After exposure, lethargy, hunched posture, laboured respiration, rales, piloerection, chromodacryorrhoea and/or ptosis were seen among the animals. Gasping was seen in one female on day 2 only. At 1 mg/L, no abnormalities were seen during exposure. After exposure, hunched posture, laboured respiration, rales, gasping, piloerection and/or chromodacryorrhoea were seen among the animals. Dehydration was seen in two females on Days 4 and 5. All animals recovered from these signs by Day 8, except for the rales which were also seen among the animals between Days 9 and 15 (termination). Body weight loss and reduced body weight gain was seen among the animals during the first week post-exposure. All animal regained weight during the second week. Macroscopic post mortem examination revealed abnormalities in the lungs (discolouration pale or gray-white, fluid or foamy fluid released from the bronchi, dark red foci) of three animals exposed to 5 mg/L and sacrificed on Day 2 or 3. No further abnormalities were found in any of the animals.

Based on the above observations, the inhalatory LC50, 4h value of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in Wistar rats was established to be within the range of 1 – 5 mg/L. Based on these results the test substance needs to be classified as Category 4 H332 'Harmful if inhaled' according to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Quality of whole database:

GLP compliant guideline study, klimisch 1

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Oral:

In a GLP-compliant OECD Guideline 423 study with rats, cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was administered to two groups of 3 female rats at 2000 mg/kg bw by oral gavage. Animals were observed for 14 days and necropsied. No mortality occurred and no clinical signs were observed. For this reason, the oral LD50 value of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in Wistar rats was established to exceed 2000 mg/kg body weight.

Inhalation:

The acute inhalation toxicity of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in the rat was investigated according to the OECD Testing Guideline 403 and under GLP. Cesium tetrafluoroaluminate was administered as an aerosol by inhalation for 4 hours to one group of five male and five female Wistar rats at 5 mg/L.Based on the results, five additional animals of each sex were exposed to 1 mg/L. Animals were subjected to daily observations and determination of body weights on Days 1, 2, 4, 8 and 15 and at death. Macroscopic examination was performed on the day of death or after terminal sacrifice (Day 15).

For the exposure to 5 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 5.6 ± 0.2 mg/L. For the exposure to 1 mg/L, the time-weighted mean actual concentration was 1.2 ± 0.04 mg/L. The test atmospheres were considered sufficiently stable. The Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (gsd) were determined twice. At 5 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.1 μm (gsd 1.8) and 2.3 μm (gsd 1.9). At 1 mg/L, the MMAD was 2.8 μm (gsd 1.7) and 2.6 μm (gsd 1.6).

After exposure to 5 mg/L, two animals were sacrificed on Day 2 for ethical reasons. On Day 3, one animal was found dead and the other animals were sacrificed for ethical reasons. No mortality occurred at 1 mg/L. At 5 mg/L, slow breathing was noted in all animals during exposure. After exposure, lethargy, hunched posture, laboured respiration, rales, piloerection, chromodacryorrhoea and/or ptosis were seen among the animals. Gasping was seen in one female on day 2 only. At 1 mg/L, no abnormalities were seen during exposure. After exposure, hunched posture, laboured respiration, rales, gasping, piloerection and/or chromodacryorrhoea were seen among the animals. Dehydration was seen in two females on Days 4 and 5. All animals recovered from these signs by Day 8, except for the rales which were also seen among the animals between Days 9 and 15 (termination). Body weight loss and reduced body weight gain was seen among the animals during the first week post-exposure. All animal regained weight during the second week. Macroscopic post mortem examination revealed abnormalities in the lungs (discolouration pale or gray-white, fluid or foamy fluid released from the bronchi, dark red foci) of three animals exposed to 5 mg/L and sacrificed on Day 2 or 3. No further abnormalities were found in any of the animals.

Based on the above observations, the inhalatory LC50, 4h value of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in Wistar rats was established to be within the range of 1 – 5 mg/L.

Dermal route:

In accordance with column 2 of REACH Annex VIII-IX, as acute toxicity studies for the oral and inhalation route are available, no study regarding the dermal route is needed.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The oral LD50 is determined to be >2000 mg/kg bw in the acute oral toxicity study with cesium tetrafluoroaluminate. Based on these results, classification of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate for acute oral toxicity according to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 is not needed.

The inhalatory LC50, 4h value of cesium tetrafluoroaluminate in rats was established to be within the range of 1 – 5 mg/L. Based on these results Cesium tetrafluoroaluminate needs to be classified as Category 4 H332 'Harmful if inhaled' according to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.