Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 627-083-1 | CAS number: 244235-47-0
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Based on the available read across data from the "Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test in Wistar Rats" (OECD 422, GLP, oral administration gavage) with Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched, which lacks a methyl group at the oxime carbon atom,
the NOAEL for general systemic toxicity was 25 mg/kg bw/d for male and female Wistar rats.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- May 2018 - Feb. 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Remarks:
- OECD 422
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 29 Jul 2016
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Crl:WI(Han)
- Details on species / strain selection:
- The rat is the preferred animal species for reproduction studies according to the various test guidelines. This Wistar rat strain (Crl:WI(Han)) was selected since extensive historical control data were available on these Wistar rats.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Sulzfeld, Germany
- Females (if applicable) nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: Between 70-83 days (male animals), Between 63-69 days (female animals)
- Weight at study initiation: male 374.5g (mean), female 221.1g (mean)
- Fasting period before study: no
- Housing: During pre-treatment: Polysulfonate cages Typ 2000P (H-Temp), floor area about 2065 cm2 (610 x 435 x 215 mm), supplied by TECHNIPLAST (Hohenpeißenberg, German); During pre-mating, mating, gestation, lactation, males after mating and females after weaning: Polycarbonate cages type III; For motor activity (MA) measurements the animals were housed individually in polycarbonate cages type III supplied by TECNIPLAST (Hohenpeißenberg, Germany), with wire covers from Ehret (Emmendingen, Germany; floor area of about 800 cm2) and small amounts of bedding material
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat “GLP”, meal; ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): drinking water (from water bottles); ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 28 days
DETAILS OF FOOD AND WATER QUALITY:
On the basis of duration of use and the analytical findings with respect to chemical and microbiological contaminants, the diet was found to be suitable. Fed. Reg. Vol. 44, No. 91 of 09 May 1979, p. 27354 (EPA), served as a guideline for maximum tolerable chemical contaminants. The levels of phytoestrogens did not exceed 350 μg of genistein equivalents/g food, and the amounts of microorganisms did not exceed 1*10^5/g food.
On the basis of the analytical findings the drinking water was found to be suitable. German “Trinkwasserverordnung” (Drinking Water Regulation) served as a guideline for maximum tolerable contaminants.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-24°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65%
- Air changes (per hr): 15 air changes per hour
- Photoperiod: 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 29. May 2018 To: 25. July 2018 (males) / 24. Aug. 2018 (females) - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Details on route of administration:
- The oral route was selected since this was proven to be suitable for the detection of a toxicological hazard.
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
The appropriate amount of test substance was weighed out depending on the desired concentration. Then, corn oil (heated up to 50-60°C) was filled up to the desired volume and subsequently released with a magnetic stirrer. The test substance preparations were produced once a week, at least.
VEHICLE
no further details on the vehicle are given - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- The concentrations of the test substance in corn oil were found to be in the range of 90-110% of the nominal concentration except one high-dose level sample which had a recovery rate of 89%. However, the value was assessed to be acceptable because the mean value of the high-dose samples was 90%.
The results demonstrated the correctness of the concentrations of the test substance in the vehicle. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- male: 28 days
female: 58 days - Frequency of treatment:
- daily
- Dose / conc.:
- 8 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- low-dose level; 0.20g/100ml
- Dose / conc.:
- 25 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- mid-dose level, 0.63g/100ml
- Dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- high-dose level, 2.50g/100ml
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale: A test study was performed beforehand to select proper dose levels for the present OECD 422 study. The test substance was administered by gavage to groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats at dose levels of 0 (control), 150, and 450 mg/kg bw/d over a period of 2 weeks. Because of severe clinical findings and body weight loss in all animals treated at 450 mg/kg bw/d, all of them had to be sacrificed in a moribund condition and ahead of schedule on study day 3.
Treatment at a dose level of 150 mg/kg bw/d was continued. Piloerection was observed in 2 male and 2 female animals on individual days during the first application week. Food consumption was decreased in male animals during the entire application period, in female animals during the first week, only. At necropsy, terminal body weights were significantly lower in male (-8.3%) and female animals (-6.2%). In male animals, seminal vesicles’ weights were decreased, i.e. absolute (-35%; significantly altered) and relative (-29%; not significantly altered). In females, liver weights were increased, i.e. absolute (+16%, not significantly) and relative (+24%, significantly). Therefore, the dose levels for this OECD 422 study were set to 0, 8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d.
For further details, please refer to the study summary of the range-finding study.
- Rationale for animal assignment: The animals were distributed according to weight among the individual test groups, separated by sex. The weight variation of the animals used did not exceed 20 percent of the mean weight of each sex.
- Fasting period before blood sampling for clinical biochemistry: 16 hours - Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
Animals were checked for mortality, moribundity and abnormal clinical signs twice a day on working days and once daily on Saturday, Sunday and public holidays
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: performed in all animals prior to the administration period and thereafter at weekly intervals
- examined parameters: abnormal behavior during “handling”, fur, skin, posture, salivation, respiration, activity/arousal level, tremors, convulsions, abnormal movements, gait abnormalities, lacrimation, palpebral closure, exophthalmus, feces, urine, pupil size
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Body weight was determined before the start of the administration period in order to randomize the animals. During the administration period body weight was determined on study day 0 (start of the administration period) and thereafter once a week at the same time of the day (in the morning).
Exceptions for female animals:
• During the premating phase, body weight was determined once a week, i.e. on study days 0, 7 and 13.
• During the mating period, the females were weighed on the day of positive evidence of sperm (GD 0) and on GD 7, 14 and 20.
• Females with litter were weighed on the day of parturition (PND 0), PNDs 4, 7, 10 and 13.
• Females showing no positive evidence of sperm in the vaginal smear were weighed once a week during this mating interval as were the males.
• Females without litter and after weaning (PND 13) were weighed once a week.
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
Generally, food consumption was determined once a week for male and female parental animals.
Exceptions
• Food consumption was not determined after the 2nd premating week (male parental animals) and during the mating period (male and female parental animals).
• Food consumption of the females with evidence of sperm was determined for GD 7, 14 and 20.
• Food consumption of the females which gave birth to a litter was determined for PND 4, 7, 10 and 13.
FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No
WATER CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Drinking water consumption was monitored by daily visual inspection of the water bottles for any changes in volume.
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: study day 29
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (isoflurane)
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters checked in table [No.1] were examined.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: study day 29
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters checked in table [No.2] were examined.
URINALYSIS: No
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No
IMMUNOLOGY: No
OTHER:
FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY
Home cage observations:
The animals were observed in their closed home cages; during this period, any disturbing activities (touching the cage or rack, noise) were avoided during these examinations in order not to influence the behavior of the animals. Attention was paid to:
1. Posture
2. Tremors
3. Convulsions
4. Abnormal movements
5. Impairment of gait
6. Other findings
Open field observations:
The animals were transferred to a standard arena (50 × 50 cm with sides of 25 cm height) and observed for at least 2 minutes. The following parameters were examined:
1. Behavior on removal from the cage
2. Fur
3. Skin
4. Salivation
5. Nasal discharge
6. Lacrimation
7. Eyes/pupil size
8. Posture
9. Palpebral closure
10. Respiration
11. Tremors
12. Convulsions
13. Abnormal movements/stereotypes
14. Gait abnormalities
15. Activity/arousal level
16. Feces (consistency/color) excreted during examination (two minutes)
17. Urine excreted within 2 minutes (amount/color)
18. Rearing within 2 minutes
19. Other findings
Sensory motor tests/ reflexes:
The animals were then removed from the open field and subjected to following sensory motor or reflex tests:
1. Reaction to an object being moved towards the face (approach response)
2. Touch sensitivity (touch response)
3. Vision (visual placing response)
4. Pupillary reflex
5. Pinna reflex
6. Audition (auditory startle response)
7. Coordination of movements (righting response)
8. Behavior during handling
9. Vocalization
10. Pain perception (tail pinch)
11. Grip strength of forelimbs
12. Grip strength of hindlimbs
13. Landing foot-splay test
14. Other findings
MOTOR ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT
Motor activity (MA) was measured from 14:00 h onwards on the same day as the FOB was performed in the first five parental males per group. The examinations were performed using the TSE Labmaster System supplied by TSE Systems GmbH (Bad Homburg, Germany). For this purpose, the animals were placed in new clean polycarbonate cages with a small amount of bedding for the duration of the measurement. Eighteen beams were allocated per cage. The numbers of beam interrupts were counted over 12 intervals of 5 minutes per interval. The sequence in which the animals were placed in the cages was selected at random. On account of the time needed to place the rats in the cages, the starting time was "staggered" for each animal. The measurement period began when the 1st beam was interrupted and finished exactly 1 hour later. No food or water was offered to the animals during these measurements and the measurement room was darkened after the transfer of the last
animal. The program required a file name for the measured data to be stored. This name consisted of the reference number and a serial number. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
Organ weights
The following weights were determined in all animals sacrificed on schedule:
1. Anesthetized animals (final body weight)
2. Adrenal glands (fixed)
3. Brain
4. Epididymides
5. Heart
6. Kidneys
7. Liver
8. Ovaries
9. Pituitary gland
10. Prostate (ventral and dorsolateral parts were weighed together after fixation)
11. Seminal vesicles with coagulating glands (fixed)
12. Spleen
13. Testes
14. Thymus (fixed)
15. Thyroid glands (with parathyroid glands; fixed)
16. Uterus with cervix
All paired organs were weighed together (left and right).
The following organs or tissues of all parental animals were fixed in in 4% neutral buffered
formaldehyde solution or in modified Davidson’s solution:
1. All gross lesions
2. Adrenal glands
3. Aorta
4. Bone marrow (femur)
5. Brain
6. Cecum
7. Cervix
8. Coagulating glands
9. Colon
10. Duodenum
11. Esophagus
12. Epididymides, left (modified Davidson’s solution)
13. Extraorbital lacrimal glands
14. Eyes with optic nerve (modified Davidson’s solution)
15. Femur with knee joint
16. Heart
17. Ileum
18. Jejunum (with Peyer’s patches)
19. Kidneys
20. Larynx
21. Liver
22. Lungs
23. Lymph nodes (axillary and mesenteric)
24. Mammary gland (male and female)
25. Nose (nasal cavity)
26. Ovaries (modified Davidson’s solution)
27. Oviducts
28. Pancreas
29. Parathyroid glands
30. Pharynx
31. Pituitary gland
32. Prostate
33. Rectum
34. Salivary glands (mandibular and sublingual)
35. Sciatic nerve
36. Seminal vesicles
37. Skeletal muscle
38. Spinal cord (cervical, thoracic and lumbar cord)
39. Spleen
40. Sternum with marrow
41. Stomach (forestomach and glandular stomach)
42. Testes (modified Davidson’s solution)
43. Thymus
44. Thyroid glands
45. Trachea
46. Urinary bladder
47. Uterus
48. Vagina
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (see table 3)
The organs were trimmed according to the “Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice” (Ruehl-Fehlert et al., 2003; Kittel et al., 2004; Morawietz et al., 2004).
A correlation between gross lesions and histopathological findings was attempted.
Special attention was given to the synchrony of the morphology of the estrous cycle in ovaries, uterus, cervix, and vagina as well as to the male reproductive organs, especially
the stage of seminiferous tubules.
In the ovary, the diagnosis “no abnormalities detected” implies that all different stages of functional bodies (especially corpora lutea) were present and normal. - Other examinations:
- Estrous cycle
For all females of the pool estrous cycle normality was evaluated before the beginning of the administration period.
In all parental females in the premating phase, estrous cycle length and normality was evaluated by preparing vaginal smears during a minimum of 2 weeks prior to premating, mating and throughout cohabitation until there is evidence of sperm in the vaginal smear.
Additionally, on the day of scheduled sacrifice, the estrous status was also determined in all female F0 rats.
Male reproduction data
The pairing partners, the number of mating days until vaginal sperm was detected in the female animals, and the gestational status of the females were recorded for F0 breeding pairs.
Thyroid hormones
Blood samples were taken from all surplus pups per litter at PND 4 as well as one male and one female pup per litter at PND 13 by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia.
Additionally, blood samples from all dams at PND 14 and all males at termination were taken by puncturing the retrobulbar venous plexus under isoflurane anesthesia. The adults
were fastened before the blood sampling.
All generated serum samples were frozen at -80°C until measurement.
Blood samples from the adult males and the PND 13 pups were assessed for serum levels for thyroid hormones (T4 and TSH).
The concentrations of TSH were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), using commercially available RIA test kits and a Gamma-Counter (LB 2111, Berthold, Germany).
T4 Elisa was measured with a Sunrise MTP-reader supplied by Tecan AG (Maennedorf, Switzerland), and evaluated with the Magellan-Software of the instrument producer. - Statistics:
- Means and standard deviations were calculated. In addition, the following statistical analyses were carried out:
- for food consumption, body weight and body weight change: DUNNETT'S
- % live male day x: WILCOXON
- for rearing, grip strength of fore limbs and hind limbs, landing foot-splay test, motor activitys, blood parameters: KRUSKAL-WALLIS test and WILCOXON
- pathology weight parameters: KRUSKAL-WALLIS - Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Summary clinical observations for males and females (except gestation and lactation periods)
No treatment-related, adverse findings were observed in male and female animals during the premating, mating and postmating (males only) phases in any test group.
During premating, slight salivation shortly after treatment was observed in all males and all females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) and in female animal No. 123 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d). Moderate salivation was observed in two females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d; Nos. 135 and 136) on premating days 6 and 7.
During mating, slight salivation was also observed in male animal No. 11 of test group 1 (8 mg/kg bw/d), in male animal Nos. 21-23, 25, 26 and 30 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) and in all male and female animal Nos. 131, 134, and 136 of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d).
During postmating, male animal Nos. 22, 23, 25, 26 and 30 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) and all males of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) showed salivation after treatment.
From the temporary, short appearance immediately after dosing (or shortly before) it was concluded that this type of finding was induced by a bad taste of the test substance or local affection of the upper digestive tract.
Summary clinical observations for females during gestation
In test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d), female animal No. 131 showed red vaginal discharge on gestation days (GDs) 14, 18, and 23, and female animal No. 136 showed red vaginal discharge on GD 14, only. In addition, female animal Nos. 131 and 140 showed piloerection on GD 23.
The findings were assessed to be related to treatment and adverse.
Female animal No. 101 of test group 0 (control) showed vaginal discharge on GD 24 (all pups were born dead). As the animal belonged to the control group, the finding was assessed not to be related to the test substance.
Salivation after treatment was observed in most female animal of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d), i.e. animals Nos. 123, 124, and 126 to 130, and in all females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d). The finding was considered to be induced by a bad taste of the test substance or local affection of the upper digestive tract.
A skin lesion at the neck was observed for female animal No. 130 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) from GD 7 onwards until GD 19. The finding was assessed to be incidental.
Clinical observations for females during lactation
Female animal No. 136 of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) had a complete litter loss on postnatal day (PND) 1.
The finding was assessed to be related to treatment and adverse.
Slight salivation after treatment was observed in most female animal of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d), i.e. animals Nos. 123, 124, and 126 to 130, and in animal Nos. 131 and 136 of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d). The finding was considered to be induced by a bad taste of the test substance or local affection of the upper digestive tract. - Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Description (incidence):
- No animal died prematurely in the present study.
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In male animals of test groups 1 to 3 (8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d, respectively) as well as in female animals of test groups 1 and 2 (8 and 25 mg/kg bw/d, respectively), no treatmentrelated changes in mean body weights or body weight change values were observed at any time point when compared to the control animals.
In female animals in test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d), body weight parameters were comparable to control values during the premating phase. During the gestation period, mean body weights of were significantly lower on GDs 14 (-13%) and 20 (-28%).
Body weight change values of females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) were also significantly lower, i.e. between GDs 7-14, 14-20 and 0-20.
The lower mean values were assessed to be related to the missing pregnancy in 8 of 10 female animals.
No statistical evaluation could be made for females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) for the lactation period, because only 2 female animals delivered pups.
The changed body weight parameters in female animals of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) were assessed to be related to treatment but secondary to the missing pregnancy. Thus, the changed body weight parameters were not assessed to be adverse per se. - Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No changes in food consumption were observed in male animals of test groups 1 to 3 (8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d, respectively) or in female animals of test groups 1 and 2 (8 and 25 mg/kg bw/d, respectively).
In female animals of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d), food consumption was significantly decreased during the first week of premating as well as during the gestational period, i.e. between GD 7 to 14, GD 14 to 20 and GD 0 to 20.
The lower mean value during the first week of premating was assessed to be related to treatment. The lower mean values during the gestational period were assessed to be related to the missing pregnancy in 8 of 10 female animals, and, thus, also to treatment.
No statistical evaluation could be made for females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) for the lactation period, because only 2 female animals delivered pups. - Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No treatment-related, adverse findings were observed.
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No treatment-related changes among hematological parameters were observed.
At the end of the administration period, in males of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was significantly increased whereas absolute reticulocyte counts were significantly decreased. In females of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH) were significantly decreased. However, all values apart from MCHC in males of test group 3 were within the ranges of historical control values.
MCHC is a calculated red blood cell index and the corresponding measured red blood cell parameters (i.e. hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cell [RBC] counts) were not changed in males of test group 3 (males, MCHC 21.02-21.96 mmol/L; absolute reticulocytes 99.5- 174.4 Giga/L; females, MCV 53.1-55.5 fL; MCH 1.13-1.22 fmol).
Therefore, these changes including the MCHC in males of test group 3 were regarded as incidental and not treatment-related. - Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No treatment-related changes among clinical chemistry parameters were observed.
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Detailed clinical observations
During detailed clinical observations (DCO), no treatment-related findings occurred. Female animal No. 130 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) showed a skin lesion in the neck region on study day 28.
The finding was assessed to be incidental and not related to treatment.
Functional observational battery
Deviations from "zero values" were obtained in quantitative parameters in male and female animals. Without a dose-response relationship or occurred in single animals only, these observations were considered as incidental.
The following examinations were performed during FOB and are assessed individually:
Home cage observations
No test substance-related effects were observed.
Open field observations
No test substance-related effects were observed.
Sensorimotor tests/reflexes
No test substance-related effects were observed.
Quantitative parameters
No test substance-related effects were observed.
Motor activity measurement
Regarding the overall motor activity and single intervals, no test substance-related deviations were noted for male and female animals of any test group.
Comparing the single intervals with the control groups, significantly increased values were measured for female animals of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) at intervals 2 and 8 and in females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) at interval 2. These differences were regarded to be incidental and not related to treatment as these intervals were not changed in a dosedependent manner and the overall motor activity was not affected.
No significant deviations were observed for males in test groups 1-3 (8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d) and female animals in test group 1 (8 mg/kg bw/d) when compared to the control group. - Immunological findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Female animales
100 mg/kg bw/d
- statistically significant changes in absolute organ weights of heart (-14.3%) and ovaries (-20.2%)
- statistically significant changes in terminal body weights (-6.4%)
- statistically significant changes in relative organ weights of heart (-8.4%) and ovaries (-15.1%)
25 mg/kg bw/d
- statistically significant changes in absolute organ weights of ovaries (-16.1%)
- statistically significant changes in relative organ weights of ovaries (-15.7%)
8 mg/kg bw/d
- statistically significant changes in absolute organ weights of ovaries (-11.4%)
Male animales
100 mg/kg bw/d
- statistically significant changes in absolute organ weights of epididymides (-9.0%), prostate (-24.9%) and seminal vesicles (-31.2%)
- statistically significant changes in relative organ weights of liver (+7.4%), prostate (-22.2%) and seminal vesicles (-28.9%)
The reduced terminal body weight in female animals of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) was still within historical control values but still regarded to be treatment-related.
The decreased weights of prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymides in male animals of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) were regarded to be treatment-related.
The reduced ovary weights in test groups 1 to 3 (8. 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d) were within the historical control data but could have been related to treatment.
The decreased mean heart weight in females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) was slightly underneath historical control values. As no histopathologic finding was observed it was therefore regarded to be non-adverse if treatment-related at all.
The slight increase in relative liver weight in males of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) was thought to be related to the terminal body weight decrease. It was, therefore, regarded to be a secondary effect without relation to treatment. - Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- All findings occurred either individually or were biologically equally distributed over control and treatment groups. They were considered to be incidental or spontaneous in origin and without any relation to treatment.
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Female animals
100 mg/kg bw/d
- minimal to slight centrilobular hypertrophy in the liver (Grade 1 in 1/10 animals and Grade 2 in 3/10 animals)
- 2 females: slight vacuolation of the vaginal epithelium
Females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) revealed a minimal to slight centrilobular hypertrophy in the liver. This finding was regarded to be treatment-related.
Two females of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) revealed a minimal to slight vacuolation of the vaginal epithelium.
In the ovaries, no histopathologic finding was observed which could explain the weight reduction in this organ. A treatment-related effect could not be excluded, but as no other microscopic findings in the reproductive tract were observed and only two animals were affected, the type of finding was regarded to be not adverse if treatmentrelated at all.
In high-dose females the different stages of functional bodies in the ovaries were present and comparable to the control animals.
Male animals
100 mg/kg bw/d
- degeneration/regeneration of the tubular epithelium in the kidneys (Grade 1 in 4/10 animals and Grade 2 in 2/10 animals).
Male animals of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) showed degeneration/regeneration of the tubular epithelium in the kidneys. The term was used when single dead epithelial cells, either within the epithelial layer or within the tubular lumen were observed. Furthermore, there were dilation of the tubuli, flattening of the epithelium, loss of the brush border and increase in basophilia of the epithelium with occasional mitotic figures. Not all features were present in every animal. The findings were regarded to be treatment-related.
In the epididymides, seminal vesicle and prostate was no histopathologic finding observed which could explain the weight reduction in these organs.
All other findings occurred either individually or were biologically equally distributed over control and treatment groups. They were considered to be incidental or spontaneous in origin and without any relation to treatment.
The stages of spermatogenesis in the testes of males of test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d) were comparable to those of the controls. - Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Female animal No. 125 of test group 2 (25 mg/kg bw/d) revealed a nephroblastoma in one kidney. This neoplasm occurs spontaneously more often in young rodents and dogs and a similar age-related trend is seen in human cases (Greaves, 2012). As it was a single finding and occurred in the mid-dose group, it was regarded to be incidental and unrelated to treatment.
- Other effects:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Female animals
Estrous cycle
- regular cycles in all females
Fertility index
100 mg/kg bw/d
- all female animals were sperm positive but only 2 delivered pups; all other animals did not deliver any pups and did not show any implants at necropsy; treatment-related
8 mg/kg bw/d
- 1 female did not deliver pups and showed no implantation sites (within the range of the historical control data)
Postimplantation loss
100 mg/kg bw/d
- mean postimplantation loss was 25%, (outside the range of the historical control data); related to a postimplantation loss of 0% in 1 female having three
implantation sites and three liveborn pups, and of 50% in 1 female animal, which had only two implantations sites and a single liveborn pup.
The low number of implantation sites was assessed to be related to treatment. Given that, the same was true for the high postimplantation loss value.
Male animales
Fertility index
100 mg/kg bw/d
- only 2 males generated pups; all other animals of this test group did not generate pups and no implants were found at necropsy
8 mg/kg bw/d
- 1 male did not generate F1 pups and no implants were found at necropsy - Details on results:
- Additional information concerning clinical pathology:
In test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d), blood was sampled only from female animal No. 131 at PND 14, because it was the only animal in this test group with living offspring. The clinical pathology values of this dam could not be used for statistical comparison with the values derived from control animals.
However, in this dam total white blood cell (WBC) counts and absolute and relative neutrophil counts were lower whereas relative lymphocyte counts were higher compared to the dams of test group 0 (control). These changes were most probably due to the small number of only three raised male pups leading to values in hematology similar to nonpregnant rats rather than to dams in the lactational period. Therefore, the differences to the concurrent control values of the mentioned parameters in this individual were regarded as a secondary effect rather than a direct treatment-related effect.
Higher cholesterol values observed in this dam were regarded as not treatment-related, because there was no trend in this parameter in test groups 1 and 2 (8 and 25 mg/kg bw/d, respectively).
Thyroid hormones
In parental males of test groups 1, 2 and 3 (8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d, respectively) as well as in female pups of test groups 11 and 12 (8 and 25 mg/kg bw/d) at PND 13, no treatmentrelated alterations of T4 and TSH levels were observed. In test group 3 (100 mg/kg bw/d), no female pups were born.
In male pups of test group 12 (25 mg/kg bw/d) at PND 13, TSH values were significantly higher compared to controls, but the mean was within the historical control range (males at PND 13, TSH 3.00-5.34 μg/L). T4 values were not changed among these individuals. The TSH value of the single male pup in test group 13 was lower than the mean/median TSH in males of test group 12 considering that there is no dose-dependency of the TSH alterations.
Therefore, the TSH increase in PND 13-males of test group 12 (25 mg/kg bw/d) was regarded as incidental and not treatment-related. - Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 25 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- clinical signs
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
- Critical effects observed:
- yes
- Lowest effective dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- System:
- male reproductive system
- Organ:
- seminal vesicle
- other: prostate and epididymides
- Treatment related:
- yes
- Dose response relationship:
- yes
- Critical effects observed:
- yes
- Lowest effective dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- System:
- urinary
- Organ:
- kidney
- Treatment related:
- yes
- Dose response relationship:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test, the oral administration by gavage of the test substance to Wistar rats revealed signs of systemic toxicity at a dose level of 100 mg/kg bw/d in male and female animals.
Thus, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for general systemic toxicity was 25 mg/kg bw/d for male and female Wistar rats.
The NOAEL for reproductive performance and fertility was also set to 25 mg/kg bw/d for male and female Wistar rats.
The NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 25 mg/kg bw/d. - Executive summary:
Methods
The test substance was administered daily by gavage to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar rats (F0 animals) at dose levels of 0 (control), 8, 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d). Corn oil served as vehicle, control animals were dosed daily with the vehicle only.
The duration of treatment covered a 2-week premating period and mating in both sexes (mating pairs were from the same test group) as well as entire gestation and lactation period in females up to one day prior to the day of schedule sacrifice of the animals.
Observations
The parents' and the pups' state of health was checked each day, and parental animals were examined for their mating and reproductive performances.
F0 animals were mated for a maximum of two weeks after the beginning of treatment to produce a litter (F1 generation pups). As soon as sperm was detected in the vaginal smear, mating was discontinued. F0 animals were examined for their reproductive performance including determinations of the number of implantations and the calculation of the postimplantation loss in all F0 females.
A detailed clinical observation (DCO) was performed in all animals before initial test substance administration and, as a rule, thereafter at weekly intervals. Food consumption of the F0 parents was determined regularly once weekly before and after the mating period, as well as in dams during gestation days 7, 14 and 20 and lactation days 4, 7, 10 and 13.
In general, the body weights of F0 animals were determined once a week. However, during gestation and lactation, F0 females were weighed on gestation days (GD) 0, 7, 14 and 20, and on postnatal days (PND) 0, 4, 7, 10 and 13. The pups were sexed and examined for macroscopically evident changes on PND 0. They were weighed on PNDs 1, 4, 7 and on PND 13 and their viability was recorded. On day 1
after birth the anogenital distance (AGD) was determined on all live male, female and uncertain pups. On PND 4, the individual litters were standardized in such a way that, whenever possible, each litter contains 4 male and 4 female pups (as a rule, the first 4 surviving pups/sex in each litter were taken for further rearing). On PND 13, all male F1 pups were examined for retention of nipples/areolae. The number of nipples/areolae anlagen were counted.
At necropsy on PNDs 4 and 13, all pups were sacrificed with CO2 under isoflurane anesthesia and examined macroscopically for external and visceral findings. Blood samples were taken from all surplus pups or 2 preferably female pups per litter at PND 4 as well as one male and one female pup per litter at PND 13 by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia. Additionally, blood samples from all dams at PND 14 and all males at termination were taken by puncturing the retrobulbar venous plexus under isoflurane anesthesia. Thyroid glands/parathyroid glands were fixed in neutral buffered 4% formaldehyde solution and transferred to the Laboratory Pathology for possible further processing.
Towards the end of the administration period, a functional observational battery was performed, and motor activity was measured in 5 parental animals per sex and test group. Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations were performed in 5 parental animals per sex and group. All F0 parental animals were sacrificed by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia and were assessed by gross pathology. Weights of selected organs were recorded, and a histopathological examination was performed.
Results
Analyses
The various analyses confirmed
• the stability of the test-substance preparations for a period of at least 7 days at room temperature,
• the homogeneous distribution of the test substance in the vehicle,
• the correctness of the prepared concentrations.
Effects
The following test substance-related, relevant findings were noted:
100 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examinations and Reproductive Performance
• In female animals, food consumption was significantly decreased during the first week of premating as well as during the gestational period. The lower mean values during the gestational period were related to the missing pregnancy.
• During the gestation period, dams’ mean body weights were significantly lower on GDs 14 (-13%) and 20 (-28%). Body weight change values were also significantly lower, i.e. between GDs 7-14, 14-20 and 0-20. The lower mean values were assessed to be related to the missing pregnancy.
• During the gestation period, two female animals showed vaginal discharge and two female animals showed piloerection. One of these female animals had a complete litter loss at term.
• Only two of 10 mated females were pregnant. Thus, male and female fertility indices was reduced to 20%.
• Two pregnant females showed each 3 and 2 implantations sites compared to a mean value of 11.9 in the control animals. One female animal delivered 3 pups,one female animal only one.
• The viability index calculated for these two litters was reduced to 50% since the single pup of one female animal died on postnatal day (PND) 1 and, consequently, the female had a complete litter loss resulting in only one remaining litter with living offspring.
Clinical Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
Pathology
• Significantly reduced mean terminal body weight occurred in female animals (-6.4%).
• In male animals, sex-related organ weights were significantly decreased, i.e. prostate (absolute -25% and relative -22%), seminal vesicle (absolute -31% and relative -29%) as well as epididymides (absolute -9%, but no significant relative weight decrease was observed).
• In the kidneys of six male animals, minimal to slight degeneration/regeneration of tubules was observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• The viability index indicating pup mortality between PND 0 and 4 was reduced to 50%.
25 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examination, Reproductive Performance, Clinical Pathology and Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
8 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examination, Reproductive Performance, Clinical Pathology and Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Jan. 2018 - Dec. 2018
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- dose finding test study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Remarks:
- Range-Finder
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 14-day dose-range-finding study with determination of body weights, heamatology, clinical chemistry, organ weights, histopathology and sperm parameters.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Crl:WI(Han)
- Details on species / strain selection:
- The rat is a frequently used laboratory animal, and there is comprehensive experience with this animal species.
Moreover, the rat has been proposed as a suitable animal species by the OECD and the EPA for this type of study. - Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH, Sulzfeld, Germany
- Females (if applicable) nulliparous and non-pregnant: no data
- Age at study initiation: 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: male: 333.6g (mean), female: 220.9g (mean)
- Fasting period before study: no
- Housing: individually
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat “GLP”, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): water from water bottles, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 6 days
DETAILS OF FOOD AND WATER QUALITY:
On the basis of duration of use and the analytical findings with respect to chemical and microbiological contaminants the diet was found to be suitable. Fed. Reg. Vol. 44, No. 91 of 09 May 1979, p. 27354 (EPA), served as a guideline for maximum tolerable chemical contaminants. The number of microorganisms did not exceed 1 × 10^5/g food.
On the basis of the analytical findings the drinking water was found to be suitable. German “Trinkwasserverordnung” (Drinking Water Regulation) served as a guideline for maximum tolerable contaminants.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-24°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65%
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod: 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 09 Jan. 2018 To: 30 Jan. 2018 - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Details on route of administration:
- The oral route was selected since this was proven to be suitable for the detection of a toxicological hazard.
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
The test substance was applied as a suspension. To prepare this suspension, the appropriate amount of the test substance was weighed out depending on the desired concentration. Then, heated corn oil (50-60°C) was filled up to the desired volume, subsequently mixed by a magnetic stirrer at 50-60°C. Before administration, the test-substance preparations were cooled down at room temperature. During administration of the test substance, preparations were kept homogeneous by stirring with a magnetic stirrer. The test-substance preparations were produced daily. The administration volume was 4 mL/kg body weight.
VEHICLE
no further details on the vehicle are given - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- no
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- No analysis of the test-substance preparations was carried out in the present study.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 2 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily
- Dose / conc.:
- 450 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- high dose; 11.25g/100ml
- Dose / conc.:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- low dose; 3.75g/100ml
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Rationale for animal assignment:
Distribution was performed according to the weight among the individual test groups. The weight variation of the animals used did not exceed 20 percent of the mean weight. The list of randomization instructions was compiled with a computer.
- Fasting period before blood sampling for clinical biochemistry: 16 hours - Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
Animals were checked for mortality, moribundity and abnormal clinical signs twice a day on working days and once daily on Saturday, Sunday and public holidays. All animals were checked daily for any abnormal clinically signs before the administration as well as within 2 hours and within 5 hours after the administration. Abnormalities and changes were documented for each animal.
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
Detailed clinical observations (DCO) were performed in all animals prior to the administration period and thereafter at weekly intervals. The findings were ranked according to the degree of severity, if applicable. The animals were transferred to a standard arena (50 × 37.5 cm with sides of 25 cm high). The following parameters were examined: abnormal behavior during “handling”, fur, skin, posture, salivation, respiration, activity/arousal level, tremors, convulsions, abnormal movements, gait abnormalities, lacrimation, palpebral closure, exophthalmus, feces (appearance/consistency), urine, pupil size
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Body weight was determined before the start of the administration period in order to randomize the animals. During the administration period, the body weight was determined on day 0 (start of the administration period) and thereafter on study days 3, 7, 10 and 14. The difference between the body weight on the respective day of weighing and the body weight on day 0 was calculated as body weight change.
FOOD CONSUMPTION: Yes
- The Food consumption was determined on study days 3, 7, 10 and 14 and calculated as mean food consumption in g per animal and day.
FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Not specified
WATER CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Drinking water consumption was determined on study days 3, 7, 10 and 14 and calculated as mean water consumption in g per animal and day.
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: study day 15
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (isoflurane anesthesia)
- Animals fasted: No
- Parameters checked in table [No. 1] were examined.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: at the end of the administration period
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters checked in table [No.2] were examined.
URINALYSIS: No
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No
IMMUNOLOGY: No - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
The following weights were determined in all animals sacrificed on schedule:
1. Anesthetized animals (final body weight)
2. Adrenal glands (fixed)
3. Epididymides
4. Kidneys
5. Liver
6. Ovaries (fixed)
7. Prostate (ventral and dorsolateral part together, fixed)
8. Seminal vesicles with coagulating glands (fixed)
9. Pituitary gland (fixed)
10. Spleen
11. Testes
All paired organs were weighted together (left and right).
The following organs or tissues were fixed in 4% neutral-buffered formaldehyde solution or in modified Davidson’s solution:
1. All gross lesions
2. Adrenal glands
3. Epididymidis, left (modified Davidson’s solution)
4. Kidneys
5. Liver
6. Ovaries (modified Davidson’s solution)
7. Pituitary gland
8. Prostate
9. Seminal vesicles
10. Spleen
11. Testis, left (modified Davidson’s solution)
The left testis of all animals sacrificed at scheduled date was fixed in modified Davidson’s solution, whereas the right testis was used for sperm parameters.
In case of macroscopic findings in the right testis, the testis was fixed for histopathological examination and the left testis was used for sperm parameters.
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes
Fixation was followed by histotechnical processing, examination by light microscopy and assessment of findings.
All gross lesions, adrenal glands, liver, ovaries and testes were examined.
Due to the detection of sharply demarcated, clear, cytoplasmic vacuoles within hepatocytes, an oil-red-O (ORO) stain (detection of lipids) was performed exemplarily on the livers of animals nos. 8, 16 and 22.
The organs were trimmed according to the “Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice” (Ruehl-Fehlert et al., 2003; Kittel et al., 2004; Morawietz et al., 2004). - Other examinations:
- Sperm parameters [see Tab. 3]
- Statistics:
- Means and standard deviations were calculated. In addition, the following statistical analyses were
carried out:
- for body weight and body weight change: DUNNETT'S
- for blood parameters and sperm analysis parameters: KRUSKAL-WALLIS test and WILCOXON
- for weight parameters: WILCOXON - Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Severe clinical findings were observed in all male and female animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) on study days 2 and 3, i.e. piloerection in all male and female animals, poor general condition in 1 male and in 2 female animals, hypothermia in 4 female animals, highstepping gait in 2 female animals, hunched posture, respiration sounds, and semi-closed eyelids in 1 female animal, urine stained-fur in 4 male and 4 female animals, discolored feces in 4 male and 2 female animals, muicid feces in 2 male and 2 female animals, encrusted nose, smeared fur and unsteady gait in 2 male animals.
In test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d), 1 male animal plough nose first into bedding after application and in another male animal discolored feces were detected.
Salivation shortly after administration was observed in all male and female animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) and test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d). - Mortality:
- mortality observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence):
- Female animal No. 28 of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) was sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 2 and all male and the remaining female animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) were sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 3.
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Mean body weight loss was observed in all male and female animals of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) and test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) between study days 0 and 3. Thus, body weight and body weight change values were significantly reduced in test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) on study day 3.
In male animals of test 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) significantly reduced mean body weight was observed on study days 10 and 14. The body weight change values in female animals of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) was significantly reduced on study day 7. - Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In male animals of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) and test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) food consumption was significantly reduced over the entire application period with maximum deviations of -33% in test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) and -70% in test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) between study days 0 and 3.
In female animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) food consumption was significantly reduced by -63% between study days 0 and 3. Food consumption of female animals of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) was significantly reduced between study days 0 and 3 as well as 3 and 7 with a maximum of -25% on study day 7. - Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test substance-related effects on water consumption were obtained over the entire application period.
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- At the end of the administration period, in female rats of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) red blood cell (RBC) counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin values were significantly decreased.
These combined alterations of the measured red blood cell parameters were regarded as treatment-related and adverse.
In males of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) hematocrit values were also significantly decreased and the mean was slightly below the historical control range (males, hematocrit 0.406-0.438 L/L). However, this was the only altered, measured red blood cell parameter (i.e., RBC count, hemoglobin and hematocrit) among these individuals and therefore, the hematocrit decrease was regarded as treatment-related, but non-adverse (ECETOC Technical Report No 85,
2002).
In rats of both sexes of the mentioned test group mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was significantly increased, but the values were within the historical control ranges (MCHC, males 20.66-22.07 mmol/L; females 20.83-22.30 mmol/L). In females of the mentioned test groups absolute and relative neutrophil counts were significantly increased whereas relative lymphocyte counts were significantly decreased, but the values were also within historical control ranges (females, absolute neutrophils 0.50-0.87 Giga/L; relative neutrophils 14.1-26.5%, relative lymphocytes 68.3-81.5%). Therefore, the alterations of this paragraph were regarded as incidental and not treatment-related.
In rats of both sexes of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) prothrombin time (Hepatoquick’s test (HQT) was significantly prolonged, which is regarded as treatment-related and adverse. - Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- At the end of the administration period, in males of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were significantly increased whereas cholesterol levels were significantly decreased. These changes were regarded as treatment-related and adverse.
In females of the mentioned test group solely glucose levels were significantly increased and the mean was above the historical control range (females, glucose 5.00-6.01 mmol/L).
Because this was the only changed clinical chemistry parameter among these individuals, this alteration was regarded as maybe treatment-related but non-adverse (ECETOC Technical Report No. 85, 2002). - Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Immunological findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- test group 1
- the mean terminal body weight in male and female animals and the absolute weights of seminal vesicles in male animals were significantly decreased
- the mean relative liver weights of female animals were significantly increased
The significantly decreased terminal body weight in male and female animals was regarded as treatment-related.
The significantly decreased absolute weights of seminal vesicles were assumed to be treatment-related.
The increased relative liver weights in female animals were regarded as treatment-related. - Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- All findings occurred either individually or were biologically equally distributed over control and treatment groups. They were considered to be incidental or spontaneous in origin and without any relation to treatment.
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The minimal (Grade 1) centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes in 1/5 male (test group 1) and 2/5 female animals (test group 1) was regarded as treatment-related. The finding correlated to significantly increased relative liver
weights in female animals.
The decreased amount of periportal fatty change in female animals (3 in test group 0 and 1 in test group 1) was related to the decreased terminal body weight in these animals. - Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Other effects:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Concerning motility of the sperms and the incidence of abnormal sperms in the cauda epididymidis as well as spermatid counts in the testis, no treatment-related effects were observed.
Sperm head counts in the cauda epididymidis in males of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) were significantly decreased. However, the mean count was within the historical control range (sperm head counts in the cauda epididymidis 485-890 Mio/g). Therefore, this single change within the historical control range and without any histopathological correlate was regarded as incidental and not treatment-related. - Dose descriptor:
- LOAEL
- Effect level:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- body weight and weight gain
- clinical biochemistry
- clinical signs
- food consumption and compound intake
- gross pathology
- haematology
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- mortality
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
- Remarks on result:
- other: All animals of the high dose group (450 mg/kg bw) were sacrified in moribund condition by day 3.
- Conclusions:
- The oral administration of the test substance by gavage to male and female Wistar rats for 2 weeks caused test substance-related, adverse signs of toxicity at dose level of 150 mg/kg bw/d and above.
Therefore, the dose levels for the subsequently performed OECD 422 study were set to 0, 8, 25 and 100 mg/kg bw/d. - Executive summary:
METHODS
The test substance was administered by gavage to groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats at dose levels of 0 (test group 0), 150 (test group 1) and 450 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d; test group 2) over a period of two weeks. Corn oil served as vehicle.
OBSERVATIONS
Food consumption and body weights were determined twice weekly. The animals were examined for signs of toxicity or mortality at least once a day. Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations performed towards the end of the administration period. After the administration period, all animals were sacrificed and assessed by gross pathology. Organ weights as well as sperm parameters were determined followed by histopathological examinations.
RESULTS
Analytics
The various analyses confirmed
• the stability of the test-substance preparations for a period of 7 days at room temperature.
Findings
The following test substance-related, relevant findings were noted:
Test group 2: 450 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations
• Female animal No. 28 was sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 2. All male and the remaining female animals were sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 3.
• Salivation and piloerection was observed in all male and female animals.
• Encrusted nose, smeared fur and an unsteady gait was observed in 2 male animals.
• Poor general condition was observed in 1 male animal and in 2 female animals
• Hypothermia was detected in 4 female animals
• High-stepping gait was observed in 2 female animals
• Hunched posture, respiration sounds and semi-closed eyelid were observed in 1 female animal
• Urine stained fur was observed in 4 male animals and in 4 female animals
• Discolored feces were detected in 4 male and 2 female animals
• Muicid feces were detected in 2 male animals and in 2 female animals
• Food consumption was significantly reduced over the entire study period in male and female animals with a maximum of -70% (male animals) and -63% (female animals) on study day 3
• Body weight loss was observed in all male and female animals on study day 3
Test group 1: 150 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations
• Salivation was observed in all male and female animals
• Piloerection was observed in 2 male and 2 female animals
• Discolored feces were detected in 1 male animal
• 1 male animal plough nose first into bedding after application
• Food consumption was significantly reduced over the entire study period in male animals with a maximum of -33%
• Food consumption of female animals was significantly reduced on study day 3 and 7 with a maximum of -25% on study day 7
• Body weight loss was observed in all male and female animals on study day 3
• Significantly reduced body weight was observed in male animals on study days 10 and 14.
• Body weight change in female animals was significantly reduced on study day 7.
Clinical Pathology
• Prolonged prothrombin time in both sexes
• Decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit values in females
• Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in males
• Decreased cholesterol values in males
Pathology
• Significantly reduced terminal body weights in male (-8.3%) and female (-6.2%) animals
• Reduced absolute (-34.69%, significant) and relative (-29.35%, not significant) weights of seminal vesicles in male animals
• Increased absolute (+16.28%, not significant) and relative (+24.07, significant) liver weights in female animals
• Minimal centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes in 1/5 male and 2/5 female animals
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Remarks:
- Range-Finder
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The test substance was administered daily as an oily solution to groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats orally by gavage at doses of 0, 150, 450 and 750 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d). Due to clinical findings (i.e. piloerection, smeared fur at anogenital region) and body weight loss in animals of the high-dose group, the dose level of 750 mg/kg bw/d was reduced to 600 mg/kg bw/d from study day 3 onwards. Control animals (5 male and 5 female Wistar rats) were dosed daily with the vehicle only (corn oil) over a period of 14 days.
The animals were examined for signs of toxicity or mortality before the administration as well as within 2 hours and within 5 hours after the administration.
Water consumption, food consumption and body weight were determined on days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14.
Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations were performed of all animals in each sex and dose-group towards the end of the administration period.
Various sperm parameters (motility, sperm head count, morphology) were assessed in all males at scheduled sacrifice or after appropriate staining.
On day 15 all animals were sacrificed by decapitation, under isoflurane anesthesia, and were assessed by gross pathology. Weights of selected organs were recorded and a histopathological examination was performed. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH
- Age at study initiation: (P) 11 wks
- Weight at study initiation: (P) Males: mean 332.5 g; Females: mean 208 g;
- Housing: individually
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-24
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
The test substance solutions in corn oil were prepared daily.
For the preparation of the administration solutions the test substance was weighed in a calibrated beaker depending on the dose group, topped up with corn oil and subsequently intensely mixed with a magnetic stirrer until it was completely dissolved.
VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle: corn oil was a suitbale vehicle
- Concentration in vehicle: 3.75, 11.25, 18.75(15) g/100 mL
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 4 mL/kg - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- The analyses were carried out at the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology of BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Analytical verifications of the stability of the test substance in corn oil for a period of 8 days at room temperature were carried out during the study (study No.: 01Y0775/12Y119).
No homogeneity and concentration control analyses in the carrier were carried out in this study. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 14 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- once daily
- Dose / conc.:
- 0 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 450 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 600 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Remarks:
- Due to clinical findings (i.e. piloerection, smeared fur at anogenital region) and body weight loss in animals of the high-dose group, the dose level of 750 mg/kg bw/d was reduced to 600 mg/kg bw/d from study day 3 onwards.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- The 5 male and 5 female rats were 11 weeks old when they arrived from the breeder.
On day of arrival, the animals were subjected to an acclimatization period of about 5 days during which they received ground diet and drinking water ad libitum. Prior to the first detailed clinical observation, the animals were distributed according to weight among the individual test groups, separated by sex. The weight variation of the animals used did not exceed 20 percent of the mean weight of each sex. The list of randomization instructions was compiled with a computer.
After the acclimatization period, the test substance was administered to the animals orally by gavage, once daily at approximately the same time in the morning. The treatment lasted up to one day prior to sacrifice. The animals of the control group were treated with the vehicle (corn oil), in the same way. The volume administered each day was 4 mL/kg body weight. The calculation of the administration volume was based on the most recent individual body weight.
The animals were sacrificed 15 days after the beginning of the administration, and examined.
Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations were carried out on study day 15. - Positive control:
- N/A
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS/DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
A check for moribund and dead animals was made twice daily on working days and once daily on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. If animals were in a moribund state, they were sacrificed and necropsied. The examinations of these animals were carried out according to the methods established at the BASF SE Laboratory for Pathology, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
All animals were checked daily for any clinically abnormal signs before the administration as well as within 2 hours and within 5 hours after the administration. Abnormalities and changes were documented for each animal.
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
Body weight was determined on days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14.
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
Food consumption was determined for days 0-3, 3-7, 7-10 and 10-14.
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): Yes
Water consumption was determined for days 0-3, 3-7, 7-10 and 10-14.
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
In the morning blood was taken from the retro-bulbar venous plexus from fasted animals. The animals were anaesthetized using isoflurane. The blood sampling procedure and subsequent analysis of blood and serum samples were carried out in a randomized sequence.
The assays of blood and serum parameters were performed under internal laboratory quality control conditions with reference controls to assure reliable test results.
The results of clinical pathology examinations were expressed in Inter¬national System (SI) units.
The following examinations were carried out in all animals per test group and sex at the end of the administration period.
Hematology
The following parameters were determined in blood with EDTA K3 as anticoagulant using a particle counter (Advia 120 model; Bayer, Fernwald, Germany):
Leukocyte count, Erythrocyte count, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Mean corpuscular volume, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, Platelet count, Differential blood count, Reticulocytes, Prothrombin time (Hepato Quick’s test)
Clinical chemistry
An automatic analyzer (Cobas c501; Roche, Mannheim, Germany) was used to examine the clinicochemical parameters
Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Inorganic phosphate, Calcium, Urea, Creatinine, Glucose, Total bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, Globulins, Triglycerides, Cholesterol - Sacrifice and pathology:
- SACRIFICE
- Male animals: All surviving animals on day 15.
- Female animals: All surviving animals on day 15.
PATHOLOGY
Necropsy
The animals were sacrificed by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia. The exsanguinated animals were necropsied and assessed by gross pathology.
Organ weights
The following weights were determined in all animals sacrificed on schedule:
1. Anesthetized animals
2. Adrenal glands
3. Epididymides
5. Kidneys
6. Liver
7. Ovaries
8. Pituitary gland
9. Prostate
10. Seminal vesicles with coagulating glands
11. Spleen
12. Testes
Organ/tissue fixation
The following organs or tissues were fixed in 4% neutral-buffered formaldehyde solution or in modified Davidson’s solution:
1. All gross lesions
2. Adrenal glands
3. Epididymis, left (modified Davidson’s solution)
4. Kidneys
5. Liver
6. Ovaries (modified Davidson’s solution)
7. Pituitary gland
8. Prostate
9. Seminal vesicles
10. Spleen
11. Testis, left (modified Davidson’s solution)
The left testis of all animals was fixed in modified Davidson’s solution, whereas the right testis was used for sperm parameters (3.9.3.).
Histopathology
Fixation was followed by histotechnical processing, examination by light microscopy and assessment of findings. The following organs were examined in all respective animals of all dose groups:
1. Adrenal glands
2. Epididymis, left
3. Liver
4. Ovaries
5. Testis, left
The organs were trimmed according to the “Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice”. (Ruehl-Fehlert et al., 2003; Kittel et al., 2004; Morawietz et al., 2004).
A correlation between gross lesions and histopathological findings was attempted. - Other examinations:
- Sperm parameters:
Immediately after necropsy and organ weight determination the right testis and cauda epididymis were taken from all male animals.
Sperm motility examinations were carried out in a randomized sequence.
Parameters:
Sperm motility, Sperm morphology (i.e., abnormal sperms in tables), Sperm head count (cauda epididymis), Sperm head count (testis) - Statistics:
- Detailed statistical analyses were conducted
- Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The testes size was reduced in 3/5 males of test group 3 (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) and 1/5 males of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d).
All male and female animals of test group 3 and one female animal of test group 2 showed piloerection during several days of the study. All male and two female animals of test group 3 and two male animals of test group 2 showed brown or yellow smeared fur in the anogenital region during several days of the study, most visible at the start of the study, when the high dose group received 750 mg/kg bw. These findings are considered to be treatment related.
All male und four female animals of test groups 3 and 1 (750/600 and 150 mg/kg bw/d) and all male and female animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) showed snout wiping after treatment at several days. All male and female animals of test groups 3 and 2 and all male and four female animals of test group 1 showed salivation after treatment during several days of the study.
This transient snout wiping and salivation for a few minutes immediately after treatment was likely to be induced by the unpleasant taste of the test substance or by local irritation of the snout and upper digestive tract. It is not considered to be a sign of systemic toxicity. - Mortality:
- mortality observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence):
- One female of test group 3 (No. 117 - 750 mg/kg bw/d) was sacrificed moribund on study day 3 after gavage error.
No other mortalities were noted in any of the groups. - Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The mean body weights of the high-dose male animals (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) were significantly reduced during the study days 7, 10 and 14 (up to 12% below control). However, these males gained significantly less weight than the controls during the entire study period (at day 14; -9.5 g vs. 35.1 g in control), which is considered to be treatment related.
The mean body weights of the mid-dose male animals (450 mg/kg bw/d) were nearly comparable to the concurrent control group throughout the entire study period. However, these males gained statistically significantly less weight than the controls during study days 7 – 10 (-2.6 g vs. 10.1 g in control) and during the whole study period (12.1 g vs. 35.1 g in control), which is considered to be treatment related.
No significant difference with regard to the mean body weights and body weight change values were noted for male animals of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) and the female animals. - Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Food consumption of the high-dose males was significantly decreased during the study days 0 - 10 (up to 35% below control) as well as during the whole study period (about 25% below control). Food consumption of the high-dose females was significantly decreased at the beginning of the treatment period during the study days 0 - 7 (up to 53% below control). If calculated for the entire treatment period the high-dose females consumed approx. 16% less food than the concurrent control group.
Food consumption of the mid-dose males and females was significantly decreased at the beginning of the treatment period during the study days 0 - 3 (about 25% and 30% below control, respectively).
The decreased food consumption in the respective test groups was regarded to be treatment related.
In the low-dose (150 mg/kg bw/d) males and females no statistically significantly changes in food consumption were seen. - Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Water consumption of the high-dose males and females (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) was significantly increased during the whole study period (up to 67% in males and 91%, in females).
Water consumption of the mid-dose males (450 mg/kg bw/d) was significantly above the concurrent control values during study days 10 - 14 (about 52%) as well as during the whole study period (about 30%). Water consumption of the mid-dose females was statistically significantly above the concurrent control values during study days 7 - 14 (up to 94%) as well as during the whole study period (about 64%).
The increased water consumption in the respective test groups was regarded to be treatment related.
Low-dose (150 mg/kg bw/d) males and females did not show any test substance-related changes in water consumption throughout the treatment period. - Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- After two weeks of administration in rats of both sexes of test group 3 (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) and additionally in females of test groups 1 and 2 (150 and 450 mg/kg bw/d) hemoglobin and hematocrit values were decreased. In females of test groups 2 and 3 (450 and 750/600 mg/kg bw/d) red blood cell (RBC) counts were decreased.
At least in females of test group 1, hematocrit values were within and hemoglobin levels only marginally below the historical control range (hematocrit 0.378-0.411L/L; hemoglobin 8.3-9.3 mmol/L). Therefore, in these individuals only red blood cell counts were altered and therefore in this test group hemoglobin decrease was regarded as treatment-related, but not adverse (ECETOC Technical Report No. 85, 2002).
In males of test groups 2 and 3 (450 and 750/600 mg/kg bw/d) relative reticulocyte counts were decreased and in females of all three test groups relative reticulocyte counts were higher compared to controls. However, the mean of males in test group 2 and those of females in all three test groups were within the historical control ranges (relative reticulocyte counts males 1.1-3.1 %, females 1.5-3.0 %) and therefore only the changes in males in test group 3 were regarded as treatment-related.
In males of test groups 2 and 3 (450 and 750/600 mg/kg bw/d) absolute monocyte counts and in females of test group 3 relative eosinophil counts were lower compared to controls, but the values were within historical control ranges (males absolute monocyte counts 0.05-0.17 Giga/L, females relative eosinophil counts 1.0-3.0 %) and therefore the alterations were regarded as incidental and not treatment-related. - Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- At the end of the administration period in males of test groups 2 and 3 (450 and 750/600 mg/kg bw/d), creatinine values were increased, but the mean of test group 2 was within the historical control range (creatinine 20.60-30.90 mmol/L) and therefore, at least in this group the alteration was regarded as incidental and not treatment-related.
In females of test groups 2 and 3 (450 and 750/600 mg/kg bw/d) globulin values were increased.
In males of test group 1 (150 mg/kg bw/d) triglyceride levels were lower, in males of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) triglyceride values were higher compared to controls, but they were within the historical control range (triglycerides 0.53-1.35 mmol/L). Therefore the changes were regarded as incidental and not treatment-related. - Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Immunological findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- For Weight Parameter refer to "Any other information on results incl. tables"
- Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- 5/5 male animals of test group 3 (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) and 4/5 male animals of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d) showed a reduced organ size of prostate and seminal vesicles. 3/5 male animals of test group 3 had a reduced size of testes and epididymides. All other findings occurred individually. They were considered to be spontaneous in origin and without any relation to treatment.
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Treatment-related findings were observed in the liver, adrenal glands, testes, epididymides, and ovaries.
Liver
A minimal to moderate centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy was observed in the liver of males and females in test groups 1 to 3. Incidence and/or severity were increased in a dose-related fashion. The hypertrophy in these animals correlated with the increased liver weights. One female animal (test group 3) showed increased numbers of mitotic figures in the centrilobular area but no hypertrophy.
Males:
Controls: no findings
150 mg/kg: 4/5 males with grade 1 Centrilobular hypertrophy
450 mg/kg: 1/5 males with grade 1 Centrilobular hypertroph, 4/5 males with grade 2 Centrilobular hypertrophy
750/600 mg/kg: 1/5 males with grade 2 Centrilobular hypertroph, 4/5 males with grade 3 Centrilobular hypertrophy
Females:
Controls: no findings
150 mg/kg: 2/5 females with grade 1 Centrilobular hypertrophy
450 mg/kg: 1/5 females with grade 1 Centrilobular hypertroph, 4/5 females with grade 2 Centrilobular hypertrophy
750/600 mg/kg: 1/5 females with grade 2 Centrilobular hypertroph, 3/5 females with grade 3 Centrilobular hypertrophy
Adrenal glands (cortex)
Adrenal glands of test group 3 males showed an increased incidence of diffuse fatty change in the zona fasciculata of adrenal cortex. This finding may contribute to the weight increase in these animals.
Males:
Controls: 1/5 males with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse
150 mg/kg: 1/5 males with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse, 1/5 males with grade 2 Fatty change, diffuse
450 mg/kg: 1/5 males with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse
750/600 mg/kg: 4/5 males with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse
Females:
Controls: 1/5 females with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse
150 mg/kg: no findings
450 mg/kg: no findings
750/600 mg/kg:1/5 females with grade 1 Fatty change, diffuse
Testes (left testis examined)
After treatment, a slight to moderate degeneration of testicular tubules was observed in animals of test groups 1 to 3. In test group 1, 2/5 animals were affected. The morphology of degenerating tubules in these animals differed from the testicular degeneration in test groups 2 and 3 and resembled spontaneous cases of tubular degeneration in testes. Additionally, test group 3 animals showed a vacuolization of Sertoli cells. Histopathological findings in testes of test group 3 correlated to remarkably decreased testicular weights.
Controls: no findings
150 mg/kg: 2/5 males with grade 1 Degeneration, tubular
450 mg/kg: 3/5 males with grade 1 Degeneration, tubular
750/600 mg/kg: 1/5 males with grade 2 Degeneration, tubular, 3/5 males with grade 3 Degeneration, tubular and 2/5 males with grade 1 Vacuolization, Sertoli cell, 2/5 males with grade 2 Vacuolization, Sertoli cell
Epididymides (left epididymis examined)
Epididymides showed a minimal to severe oligospermia in animals of test group 3 and minimal to moderate amounts of cellular debris in the lumen in animals of test group 2 and 3. These findings correlated with the decreased epididymides weights of these animals.
Controls: 1/5 males with Grade 2 Cellular debris in lumen
150 mg/kg: no findings
450 mg/kg: 2/5 males with Grade 1 Cellular debris in lumen
750/600 mg/kg: 2/5 males with Grade 2 Cellular debris in lumen, 2/5 males with Grade 3 Cellular debris in lumen and 1/5males with Grade 1 Oligospermia, 1/5males with Grade 3 Oligospermia, 1/5males with Grade 4 Oligospermia
Ovaries
After treatment changes of the interstitial glands occurred in 5/5 females in test groups 2 and 3 each. In these females, the interstitial cells seemed smaller, condensed and the cytoplasm showed more distinct vacuoles.
All other findings occurred either individually or were biologically equally distributed over control and treatment groups. They were considered to be incidental or spontaneous in origin and without any relation to treatment. - Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Other effects:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Sperm parameters:
Although not statistically significant, in males of test group 3 (750/600 mg/kg bw/d), motility of the sperms, and sperm head counts in the cauda epididymidis were decreased and the incidence of abnormal sperms in the cauda epididymidis was increased. Both latter parameters were already changed in males of test group 2 (450 mg/kg bw/d). This was due to one individual in test group 2 (no 13) with decreased sperm head counts and increased abnormal sperm counts in the cauda epididymidis and two rats in test group 3 (nos. 18 and 20) with alterations of all sperm analysis parameters beyond the historical ranges (motility 73-96 %; sperm head count in the testis 74-155 Mio/g testis; sperm head count in the cauda epididymidis 389-924 Mio/g tissue; abnormal sperms 0-11 %). - Dose descriptor:
- LOAEL
- Effect level:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see remarks
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: Anemia, centrilobular hypertrophy in liver cells and changes of the interstitial glands in the ovaries at 450 mg/kg bw/d and above.
- Critical effects observed:
- yes
- Lowest effective dose / conc.:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- System:
- male reproductive system
- Organ:
- other: Dose-dependent decrease in absolute organ weights of the seminal vesicles were noted at all tested dose levels of 150 mg/kg bw/d and above
- Treatment related:
- yes
- Dose response relationship:
- yes
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- see attached read-across justification in IUCLID dossier chapter 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 25 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- clinical signs
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
- Critical effects observed:
- yes
- Lowest effective dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- System:
- male reproductive system
- Organ:
- seminal vesicle
- other: prostate and epididymides
- Treatment related:
- yes
- Dose response relationship:
- yes
- Critical effects observed:
- yes
- Lowest effective dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- System:
- urinary
- Organ:
- kidney
- Treatment related:
- yes
- Dose response relationship:
- yes
Referenceopen allclose all
Tab. 4: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
day 0 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 13 [00:00 - 24:00] |
head |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
|
|
normal |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Tab. 5: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
|
day 0 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 13 [00:00 - 24:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Tab. 6: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
1 |
6 |
10 |
|
day 1 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 14 [00:00 - 24:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
1 |
6 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 7: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
day 1 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 3 [00:00 - 24:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 8: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Post-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
day 0 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 1 [00:00 - 24:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
salivation |
||||||
|
dead |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
sacrificed scheduled |
||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
NAD |
||||||
Tab. 9: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Gestation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
1 |
0 |
7 |
10 |
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
7 |
10 |
salivation |
||||||
|
dead |
N |
0 |
1 |
0 |
8 |
sacrificed scheduled |
||||||
day 0 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 46 [00:00 - 24:00] |
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
NAD |
||||||
|
skin |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
lesion |
||||||
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 10: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Lactation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
1 |
0 |
7 |
2 |
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
7 |
2 |
salivation |
||||||
|
dead |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
sacrificed scheduled |
||||||
day 0 [00:00 - 24:00] -> day 24 [00:00 - 24:00] |
normal |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
NAD |
||||||
|
reproduction |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
complete litter loss |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
all pups stillborn |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 11: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
||
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
day 0 -> 13 [-01:00-00:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
salivation |
||||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
||
NAD |
||||||||
Tab. 12: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
|
day 0 -> 13 [00:00-02:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 13: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 0 -> 13 [02:00-05:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 14: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 0 -> 13 [-01:00-00:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 15: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
|
day 0 -> 13 [00:00-02:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normalN |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 16: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Pre-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 0 -> 13 [02:00-05:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 17: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 1 -> 14 [-01:00-00:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 18: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
1 |
6 |
10 |
|
day 1 -> 14 [00:00-02:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
1 |
6 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
6 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 19: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 1 -> 14 [02:00-05:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 20: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 1 -> 3 [-01:00-00:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 21: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
day 1 -> 3 [00:00-02:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
1 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 22: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Mating)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 1 -> 3 [02:00-05:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
8 |
8 |
8 |
3 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 23: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Post-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 0 -> 1 [-01:00-00:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 24: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Post-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
|
day 0 -> 1 [00:00-02:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
5 |
0 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 25: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Post-mating)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
day 0 -> 1 [02:00-05:00] |
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
Tab. 26: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Gestation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
1 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
salivation |
||||||
day 0 -> 46 |
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
NAD |
||||||
[-01:00-00:00] |
skin |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
lesion |
||||||
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 27: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Gestation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
1 |
0 |
7 |
10 |
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
7 |
10 |
salivation |
||||||
day 0 -> 46 |
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
8 |
NAD |
||||||
[00:00-02:00] |
skin |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
lesion |
||||||
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 28: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Gestation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
1 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
salivation |
||||||
day 0 -> 46 |
normal |
N |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
NAD |
||||||
[02:00-05:00] |
skin |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
lesion |
||||||
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 29: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Lactation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
|||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
|
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
salivation |
|||||||
day 0 -> 24 [-01:00-00:00] |
normal |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
|
NAD |
|||||||
|
reproduction |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
complete litter loss |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
all pups stillborn |
|
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
piloerection |
|||||||
|
genitals |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
vaginal discharge |
|||||||
Tab. 30: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Lactation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
7 |
2 |
day 0 -> 24 [00:00-02:00]
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
7 |
2 |
salivation |
||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
NAD |
||||||
|
reproduction |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
complete litter loss |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
all pups stillborn |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 31: Summary Signs Pre- and/or Post-Dosing - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Lactation)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
Test Group 3/F 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
|
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
day 0 -> 24 [02:00-05:00]
|
head |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
salivation |
||||||
|
normal |
N |
10 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
NAD |
||||||
|
reproduction |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
complete litter loss |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
all pups stillborn |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
fur |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
piloerection |
||||||
|
genitals |
N |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
vaginal discharge |
||||||
Tab. 32: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: Lactation Pup)
|
Test Group 0/ M 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ M 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/ M 25 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 3/M 100 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
48 |
59 |
53 |
4 |
day 0 -> 13 |
normal |
N |
48 |
57 |
53 |
4 |
NAD |
||||||
Tab. 33: Summary - Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: Lactation Pup)
|
Test Group 0/ F 0 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 1/ F 8 mg/kg bw/d |
Test Group 2/F 25 mg/kgbw/d |
||
|
Animals examined |
N |
66 |
55 |
66 |
day 0 -> 13 |
normal |
N |
60 |
55 |
66 |
NAD |
|||||
Tab. 34: Summary Table of Body and Organ Weights and Statistics (Sex: Male)
Sex Groups No. Animals |
M |
M |
M |
M |
Test Group 0/ M |
Test Group 1/ M |
Test Group 2/ M |
Test Group 3/ M |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
FINAL BODY WEIGHT |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
379.8 |
385.2 |
372.7 |
365.3 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
28.3 |
26.0 |
26.1 |
24.4 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.4 |
-1.9 |
-3.8 |
BRAIN |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
2.10 |
2.07 |
2.10 |
2.08 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.06 |
0.04 |
0.05 |
0.08 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-1.24 |
0.10 |
-0.86 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.55 |
0.54 |
0.57 |
0.57 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.04 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-2.66 |
1.92 |
2.95 |
ADRENAL GL |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.063k |
0.066 |
0.068 |
0.068 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.007 |
0.012 |
0.008 |
0.008 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
4.732 |
7.256 |
6.782 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.017k |
0.017 |
0.018 |
0.019 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.002 |
0.002 |
0.002 |
0.002 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
2.749 |
9.413 |
10.741 |
EPIDIDYMIDES |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.19v |
1.19 |
1.15 |
1.08 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.11 |
0.07 |
0.10 |
0.06 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
0.42 |
-3.11 |
-9.00 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.31k |
0.31 |
0.31 |
0.30 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.04 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-1.03 |
-0.90 |
-5.65 |
HEART |
|
|
|
|
Sex Groups No. Animals |
M |
M |
M |
M |
Test Group 0/ M |
Test Group 1/ M |
Test Group 2/ M |
Test Group 3/ M |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.06 |
1.07 |
1.03 |
1.03 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.09 |
0.08 |
0.10 |
0.07 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
0.57 |
-2.74 |
-2.92 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.28 |
0.28 |
0.28 |
0.28 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-0.98 |
-1.08 |
0.78 |
KIDNEYS |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
2.36 |
2.47 |
2.45 |
2.49 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.16 |
0.33 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
4.88 |
3.91 |
5.82 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.62 |
0.64 |
0.66 |
0.68 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.05 |
0.07 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
3.00 |
5.49 |
9.71 |
LIVER |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
8.35 |
8.64 |
8.49 |
8.64 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.55 |
1.02 |
0.70 |
0.62 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
3.40 |
1.62 |
3.36 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
2.20 |
2.24 |
2.28 |
2.36 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.09 |
0.15 |
0.16 |
0.09 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.61 |
3.57 |
7.35 |
PITUITARY GL. |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.011 |
0.011 |
0.010 |
0.012 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.002 |
0.002 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-7.895 |
-11.404 |
5.263 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.003 |
0.003 |
0.003 |
0.003 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
Sex Groups No. Animals |
M |
M |
M |
M |
Test Group 0/ M |
Test Group 1/ M |
Test Group 2/ M |
Test Group 3/ M |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-9.492 |
-9.137 |
8.592 |
PROSTATE |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.03 |
0.99 |
1.08 |
0.78 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.15 |
0.10 |
0.21 |
0.14 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-4.06 |
4.74 |
-24.85 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.28 |
0.26 |
0.29 |
0.21 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.06 |
0.05 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-6.22 |
5.85 |
-22.22 |
SEMINAL VESIC. |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.52 |
1.40 |
1.42 |
1.05 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.14 |
0.11 |
0.15 |
0.18 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-7.58 |
-6.46 |
-31.16 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.40 |
0.37 |
0.38 |
0.29 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.04 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-9.11 |
-4.76 |
-28.86 |
SPLEEN |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.56k |
0.59 |
0.57 |
0.56 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.05 |
0.10 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
5.17 |
1.60 |
-0.53 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.15 |
0.15 |
0.15 |
0.15 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.03 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
3.41 |
3.22 |
2.67 |
TESTES |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
3.64 |
3.71 |
3.38 |
3.51 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.38 |
0.27 |
0.68 |
0.17 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.73 |
-7.22 |
-3.79 |
Sex Groups No. Animals |
M |
M |
M |
M |
Test Group 0/ M |
Test Group 1/ M |
Test Group 2/ M |
Test Group 3/ M |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.96 |
0.97 |
0.92 |
0.96 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.12 |
0.08 |
0.22 |
0.07 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
0.18 |
-4.97 |
-0.02 |
THYMUS |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.264 |
0.298 |
0.289 |
0.316 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.087 |
0.041 |
0.076 |
0.079 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
12.931 |
9.708 |
19.681 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.069 |
0.077 |
0.077 |
0.086 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.019 |
0.010 |
0.018 |
0.020 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
12.908 |
12.716 |
25.819 |
THYROID GL. |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.024 |
0.023 |
0.024 |
0.025 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.005 |
0.003 |
0.004 |
0.005 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-2.092 |
0.000 |
5.439 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.006 |
0.006 |
0.006 |
0.007 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-4.142 |
2.266 |
9.266 |
Tab. 35: Summary Table of Body and Organ Weights and Statistics (Sex: Female)
Sex Groups No. Animals |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Test Group 0/ F |
Test Group 1/ F |
Test Group 2/ F |
Test Group 3/ F |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
FINAL BODY WEIGHT |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
244.2 |
239.6 |
243.7 |
228.5 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
13.0 |
12.1 |
14.6 |
12.0 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-1.9 |
-0.2 |
-6.4 |
BRAIN |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.97 |
1.95 |
1.97 |
1.95 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.06 |
0.07 |
0.10 |
0.05 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-0.76 |
0.05 |
-1.17 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.81 |
0.82 |
0.81 |
0.85 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.04 |
0.06 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.19 |
0.22 |
5.68 |
ADRENAL GL |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.081k |
0.085 |
0.081 |
0.087 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.012 |
0.012 |
0.009 |
0.023 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
4.300 |
-0.860 |
6.265 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.033 |
0.035 |
0.033 |
0.038 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.005 |
0.005 |
0.005 |
0.009 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
5.844 |
-0.299 |
12.646 |
HEART |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.88 |
0.86 |
0.91 |
0.75 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.05 |
0.08 |
0.12 |
0.05 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-2.39 |
2.84 |
-14.32 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.36 |
0.36 |
0.37 |
0.33 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-0.54 |
2.75 |
-8.35 |
KIDNEYS |
|
|
|
|
Sex Groups No. Animals |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Test Group 0/ F |
Test Group 1/ F |
Test Group 2/ F |
Test Group 3/ F |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
1.69 |
1.71 |
1.89 |
1.64 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.13 |
0.11 |
0.54 |
0.16 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.54 |
12.22 |
-2.91 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.69 |
0.71 |
0.78 |
0.72 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.04 |
0.03 |
0.22 |
0.05 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
3.45 |
12.44 |
3.71 |
LIVER |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
6.54 |
6.47 |
6.77 |
6.15 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.36 |
0.74 |
0.64 |
0.43 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-1.07 |
3.48 |
-6.02 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
2.68 |
2.70 |
2.78 |
2.69 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.14 |
0.24 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
0.58 |
3.52 |
0.36 |
OVARIES |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.115 |
0.102 |
0.097 |
0.092 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.008 |
0.014 |
0.014 |
0.014 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-11.381 |
-16.073 |
-20.156 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.047 |
0.043 |
0.040 |
0.040 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.004 |
0.007 |
0.007 |
0.005 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-9.343 |
-15.731 |
-15.087 |
PITUITARY GL. |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.013 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
0.013 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.002 |
0.002 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-8.730 |
-4.762 |
0.794 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.005 |
0.005 |
0.005 |
0.006 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.000 |
0.001 |
0.000 |
0.001 |
Sex Groups No. Animals |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Test Group 0/ F |
Test Group 1/ F |
Test Group 2/ F |
Test Group 3/ F |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-6.765 |
-4.202 |
7.888 |
SPLEEN |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.47 |
0.49 |
0.51 |
0.48 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.06 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
4.04 |
8.51 |
1.06 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.19 |
0.20 |
0.21 |
0.21 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
6.05 |
8.83 |
8.00 |
THYMUS |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.283 |
0.281 |
0.283 |
0.277 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.059 |
0.050 |
0.040 |
0.056 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-0.812 |
-0.035 |
-2.330 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.116 |
0.117 |
0.116 |
0.121 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.021 |
0.019 |
0.015 |
0.020 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.166 |
0.364 |
4.152 |
THYROID GL. |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.019 |
0.019 |
0.020 |
0.019 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.002 |
0.005 |
0.002 |
0.003 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
-0.515 |
4.639 |
-0.515 |
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.008 |
0.008 |
0.008 |
0.008 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.001 |
0.002 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
1.503 |
5.205 |
6.076 |
UTERUS |
|
|
|
|
Number of weights |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
Mean weight [g] |
0.73 |
0.83 |
0.76 |
0.76 |
Standard Deviation [g] |
0.28 |
0.33 |
0.24 |
0.28 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
13.49 |
3.54 |
3.13 |
Sex Groups No. Animals |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Test Group 0/ F |
Test Group 1/ F |
Test Group 2/ F |
Test Group 3/ F |
|
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Mean Organ/Body [%] |
0.30 |
0.35 |
0.31 |
0.33 |
Standard Deviation [%] |
0.10 |
0.13 |
0.10 |
0.12 |
Deviation from Control [%] |
- |
16.00 |
4.91 |
11.31 |
Tab. 36: Histopathology (NO.EXAM. = Number of animals examined, NAD = Nothing Abnormal Discovered)
|
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
|
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
|
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
|
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
ADRENAL CORTEX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
4 |
- |
- |
5 |
3 |
- |
- |
4 |
Mineralization, mf |
|
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
Cortical tissue, accessory |
|
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
ADRENAL MEDULLA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
AXILLARY L.N. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
BRAIN |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
CECUM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
CERVICAL CORD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
CERVIX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
COAGULATING GL. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
NAD |
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
|
|
|
|
COLON |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
|
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
||
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
||
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
||
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
||
DUODENUM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
EPIDIDYMIS, L |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAD |
9 |
1 |
- |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
Infiltrates, lymphoid cells, mf |
1 |
0 |
- |
2 |
|
|
|
|
||
EYES WITH OPT. NERVE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
||
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
||
FORESTOMACH |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
||
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
||
GLANDULAR STOMACH |
||||||||||
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
6 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
|
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
Erosion/ulceration |
|
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|
Hemorrhage, mf |
|
0 |
- |
- |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
HEART |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
|
NAD |
4 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
4 |
|
Necrosis/fibrosis |
|
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
0 |
- |
- |
1 |
|
ILEUM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
JEJUNUM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
||
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
||
KIDNEYS |
NO. EXAM |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
5 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
|
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
|
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
|
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
|
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
|
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
6 |
4 |
6 |
2 |
4 |
- |
0 |
4 |
|
Nephroblastoma |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
1 |
0 |
|
Degenerat./regenerat., tubules, mf |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
|
Tubules, basophilic, mf |
4 |
5 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
- |
0 |
0 |
|
Dilation, pelvis |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
|
Mineralization, pelvis, mf |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
1 |
|
Cyst(s) |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
|
LARYNX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
NAD |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
LIVER |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
1 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NAD |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Focus of cellular alteration |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
- basophilic tigroid |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Hypertrophy, centrilobular |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
Constriction |
0 |
1 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Infiltrates, lymphoid cells, mf |
5 |
1 |
- |
5 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
LUMBAR CORD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
LUNGS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
1 |
- |
- |
4 |
4 |
- |
- |
4 |
Infiltrates, mixed cells |
|
3 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
Histiocytosis, alveolar, mf |
|
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
0 |
- |
- |
1 |
Osseous metaplasia, mf |
|
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
MESENTERIC L.N. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
|
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
|
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
|
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
OVARIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
OVIDUCTS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
PEYERS PATCH |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
4 |
- |
- |
5 |
PROSTATE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
NAD |
6 |
0 |
- |
7 |
|
|
|
|
Inflammation, neutrophilic, mf |
0 |
0 |
- |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Infiltrates, lymphoid cells, mf |
4 |
1 |
- |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
RECTUM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
RENAL L.N. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
NAD |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
SCIATIC NERVE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
SEMINAL VESIC. NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|||||
NAD |
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
|||||
SKELETAL M. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
SPLEEN
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
|
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
|
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
|
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
|
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
STERNUM, WITH MARROW |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
TESTES, L |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
NAD |
9 |
1 |
- |
10 |
|
|
|
|
Degeneration, tubules, mf |
|
1 |
0 |
- |
0 |
|
|
|
|
THORACIC CORD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
THYMUS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
4 |
- |
- |
4 |
2 |
- |
- |
2 |
Cyst(s) |
|
1 |
- |
- |
1 |
3 |
- |
- |
3 |
THYROID GL. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
4 |
- |
- |
5 |
4 |
- |
- |
5 |
Alteration, colloid |
|
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
Ectopia, thymic tissue |
|
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
1 |
- |
- |
0 |
TRACHEA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
URINARY BLADDER |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
5 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
NAD |
5 |
- |
- |
4 |
5 |
- |
- |
5 |
|
UTERUS NO. EXAM. |
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|||||
NAD |
10 |
1 |
- |
10 |
|||||
|
Sex |
M |
M |
M |
M |
F |
F |
F |
F |
Groups |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
Test |
|
|
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
Group |
|
|
0/ M |
1/ M |
2/ M |
3/ M |
0/ F |
1/ F |
2/ F |
3/ F |
|
No. Animals |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
VAGINA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO. EXAM. |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|
NAD |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1 |
- |
7 |
Vacuolation, epithelial mf |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
- |
2 |
Cyst(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
- |
1 |
Tab. 4: Clinical Observation (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life)
|
|
|
0/M |
1/M |
2/M |
day 0 -> 15 |
Animals examined |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
gait unsteady gait |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
head Salivation |
N |
0 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
dead |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
sacrificed scheduled |
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
0.0 |
||
sacrificed moribund |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100.0 |
||
Normal NAD |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
nose encrusted |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
general condition poor |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
20.0 |
||
fur |
N |
0 |
2 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
40.0 |
100.0 |
||
piloerection |
N |
0 |
2 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
40.0 |
100.0 |
||
urine stained |
N |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
80.0 |
||
smeared |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
activity/ behavior plough nose-first into bedding |
N |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
% |
0.0 |
20.0 |
0.0 |
||
feces |
N |
0 |
1 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
20.0 |
80.0 |
||
discolored feces |
N |
0 |
1 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
20.0 |
80.0 |
||
muicid feces |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
Tab. 5: Clinical Observation (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life)
|
|
|
0/F |
1/F |
2/F |
day 0 -> 15 |
Animals examined |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Animals with signs |
N |
0 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
gait high-stepping gait |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
head Salivation |
N |
0 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
dead |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
sacrificed scheduled |
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
0.0 |
||
sacrificed moribund |
N |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100.0 |
||
Normal NAD |
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
% |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
||
eye semiclosed eyelid |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
20.0 |
||
general condition |
N |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
80.0 |
||
hypothermia |
N |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
80.0 |
||
poor |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
Respiration sounds |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
20.0 |
||
fur |
N |
0 |
2 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
40.0 |
100.0 |
||
piloerection |
N |
0 |
2 |
5 |
|
% |
0.0 |
40.0 |
100.0 |
||
urine stained |
N |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
80.0 |
||
feces |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
discolored feces |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
muicid feces |
N |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
40.0 |
||
Posture Hunched posture |
N |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
% |
0.0 |
0.0 |
20.0 |
Tab. 6: Summary Food Consumption Per Animal And Day (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
2/M |
||
d 0 -> 3 |
Mean [g] |
20.4 n |
13.7 |
6.2 |
|
|
S.d. |
1.8 |
4.0 |
2.1 |
|
|
N Deviation Vs Control [%] |
5 |
5 -32.8 |
5 -69.8 |
|
d 3 -> 7 |
Mean [g] |
22.2 n |
16.5 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
1.1 |
3.3 |
|
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-25.5 |
|
|
d 7 -> 10 |
Mean [g] S.d. |
20.2 n 1.1 |
16.9 1.3 |
|
X |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-16.5 |
|
|
d 10 -> 14 |
Mean [g] S.d. |
20.5 n 2.0 |
16.8 0.8 |
|
X |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-17.9 |
|
|
Tab. 7: Summary Food Consumption Per Animal And Day (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
2/F |
||
d 0 -> 3 |
Mean [g] |
14.3 n |
11.2 |
5.3 |
|
|
S.d. |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
4 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-21.3 |
-62.7 |
|
d 3 -> 7 |
Mean [g] |
15.9 n |
12.0 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
1.2 |
1.8 |
||
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-24.6 |
||
d 7 -> 10 |
Mean [g] |
15.1 n |
12.9 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
2.3 |
1.5 |
||
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-14.8 |
||
d 10 -> 14 |
Mean [g] |
14.4 n |
13.5 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
1.8 |
2.2 |
||
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-6.2 |
||
Tab. 8: Summary Body Weights - BW / Body Weights [g] (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
2/M |
|
day 0 |
Mean |
335.2 n |
334.3 |
331.2 |
|
S.d. |
27.8 |
7.4 |
7.6 |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-0.3 |
-1.2 |
day 3 |
Mean |
346.5 n |
328.4 |
299.4 |
|
S.d. |
19.0 |
5.9 |
4.9 |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-5.2 |
-13.6 |
day 7 |
Mean |
351.5 n |
341.1 |
X |
|
S.d. |
17.2 |
4.7 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-3.0 |
|
day 10 |
Mean |
361.9 n |
345.1 |
X |
|
S.d. |
14.6 |
4.0 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-4.6 |
|
day 14 |
Mean |
370.9 n |
346.6 |
X |
|
S.d. |
19.3 |
5.1 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-6.5 |
|
Tab. 9: Summary Body Weights - BW / Body Weights [g] (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
2/F |
|
day 0 |
Mean |
220.8 n |
223.5 |
218.5 |
|
S.d. |
4.3 |
8.4 |
7.1 |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
1.2 |
-1.1 |
day 3 |
Mean |
221.2 n |
215.1 |
194.4 ** |
|
S.d. |
7.0 |
4.2 |
5.6 |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
4 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-2.8 |
-12.2 |
day 7 |
Mean |
226.1 n |
217.5 |
X |
|
S.d. |
7.7 |
7.2 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-3.8 |
|
day 10 |
Mean |
222.5 n |
221.8 |
X |
|
S.d. |
9.2 |
5.1 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-0.3 |
|
day 14 |
Mean |
225.7 n |
222.7 |
X |
|
S.d. |
9.9 |
8.5 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-1.3 |
|
Tab. 10: Summary Changes Body Weights - BW / Body Weights [g] (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
2/M |
||
d 0 -> 3 |
Mean |
11.2 n |
-5.8 |
-31.9 |
|
|
S.d. |
15.3 |
11.7 |
7.0 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-151.8 |
-383.5 |
|
d 0 -> 7 |
Mean |
16.2 n |
6.8 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
25.8 |
9.1 |
|
|
|
N Deviation Vs Control [%] |
5 0.0 |
5 -58.0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
d 0 -> 10 |
Mean |
26.7 n |
10.9 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
27.3 |
10.1 |
||
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-59.3 |
||
d 0 -> 14 |
Mean |
35.7 n |
12.4 |
X |
|
|
S.d. |
28.8 |
8.4 |
||
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
|
Deviation Vs Control [%]
|
0.0 |
-63.3 |
||
Tab. 11: Summary Changes Body Weights - BW / Body Weights [g] (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
2/F |
|
d 0 -> 3 |
Mean |
0.4 n |
-8.4 |
-22.0 |
|
S.d. |
3.2 |
8.6 |
5.3 |
|
N |
5 |
5 |
4 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
|
-2,205.0 |
-5,587.5 |
d 0 -> 7 |
Mean |
5.3 n |
-6.0 * |
X |
|
S.d. |
4.1 |
7.1 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-214.0 |
|
d 0 -> 10 |
Mean |
1.7 n |
-1.7 |
X |
|
S.d. |
6.7 |
8.4 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-202.4 |
|
d 0 -> 14 |
Mean |
4.9 n |
-0.8 |
X |
|
S.d. |
8.6 |
10.7 |
|
|
N |
5 |
5 |
0 |
|
Deviation Vs Control [%] |
0.0 |
-116.5 |
|
Tab. 12: Red blood cell + coagulation parameters (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
|
RBC |
Mean |
8.05 x |
7.67 |
[tera/L] |
S.d. |
0.45 |
0.62 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
8.07 |
7.55 |
HGB |
Mean |
8.9 x |
8.5 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.4 |
0.4 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
9.1 |
8.7 |
HCT |
Mean |
0.422 x |
0.390 |
[L/L] |
S.d. |
0.017 |
0.022 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.426 |
0.394 |
MCV |
Mean |
52.5 x |
51.0 |
[fL] |
S.d. |
1.8 |
1.8 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
52.0 |
50.0 |
MCH |
Mean |
1.11 x |
1.11 |
[fmol] |
S.d. |
0.04 |
0.06 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.10 |
1.10 |
MCHC |
Mean |
21.14 x |
21.83 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.31 |
0.40 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
21.02 |
21.93 |
RETA |
Mean |
162.5 x |
145.7 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
30.0 |
36.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
168.6 |
161.6 |
PLT |
Mean |
676 x |
672 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
54 |
57 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
4 |
|
Median |
656 |
649 |
HQT |
Mean |
37.4 x |
42.7 |
[sec] |
S.d. |
2.9 |
2.6 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
4 |
|
Median |
37.7 |
43.0 |
Tab. 13: Red blood cell + coagulation parameters (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
|
RBC |
Mean |
7.65 x |
6.95 |
[tera/L] |
S.d. |
0.22 |
0.53 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
7.60 |
7.17 |
HGB |
Mean |
8.7 x |
8.3 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.2 |
0.2 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
8.7 |
8.3 |
HCT |
Mean |
0.405 x |
0.370 |
[L/L] |
S.d. |
0.004 |
0.009 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.405 |
0.369 |
MCV |
Mean |
53.0 x |
53.4 |
[fL] |
S.d. |
1.6 |
3.0 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
52.9 |
51.7 |
MCH |
Mean |
1.14 x |
1.20 |
[fmol] |
S.d. |
0.03 |
0.09 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.12 |
1.17 |
MCHC |
Mean |
21.53 x |
22.45 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.42 |
0.49 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
21.48 |
22.60 |
RETA |
Mean |
153.5 x |
165.5 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
19.4 |
26.3 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
153.2 |
179.6 |
PLT |
Mean |
740 x |
602 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
115 |
33 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
748 |
613 |
HQT |
Mean |
33.4 x |
38.1 |
[sec] |
S.d. |
1.8 |
1.6 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
34.2 |
38.0 |
Tab. 14: Total white and differential blood cell count (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
|
WBC |
Mean |
6.77 x |
7.26 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.98 |
1.71 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
6.85 |
7.19 |
NEUTA |
Mean |
1.08 x |
1.13 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.15 |
0.21 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.00 |
1.19 |
LYMPHA |
Mean |
5.44 x |
5.88 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.90 |
1.48 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
5.62 |
5.97 |
MONOA |
Mean |
0.11 x |
0.13 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.01 |
0.03 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.11 |
0.13 |
EOSA |
Mean |
0.09 x |
0.09 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.03 |
0.04 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.08 |
0.09 |
BASOA |
Mean |
0.01 x |
0.02 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.01 |
0.01 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.01 |
0.02 |
LUCA |
Mean |
0.03 x |
0.02 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.02 |
0.01 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.02 |
0.02 |
NEUT |
Mean |
16.1 x |
15.8 |
[%] |
S.d. |
2.4 |
2.3 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
15.5 |
16.6 |
LYMPH |
Mean |
80.2 x |
80.7 |
[%] |
S.d. |
2.3 |
2.3 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
81.6 |
79.7 |
MONO |
Mean |
1.6 x |
1.7 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.3 |
0.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.7 |
1.8 |
EOS |
Mean |
1.4 x |
1.1 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.5 |
0.4 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.3 |
1.0 |
BASO |
Mean |
0.2 x |
0.2 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.1 |
0.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.2 |
0.3 |
LUC |
Mean |
0.4 x |
0.3 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.2 |
0.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Tab. 15: Total white and differential blood cell count (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
|
WBC |
Mean |
4.45 x |
4.46 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.45 |
0.94 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
4.37 |
4.29 |
NEUTA |
Mean |
0.58 x |
0.78 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.04 |
0.10 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.59 |
0.74 |
LYMPHA |
Mean |
3.69 x |
3.49 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.42 |
0.90 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
3.60 |
3.39 |
MONOA |
Mean |
0.07 x |
0.07 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.01 |
0.02 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.07 |
0.06 |
EOSA |
Mean |
0.08 x |
0.09 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.01 |
0.08 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.07 |
0.05 |
BASOA |
Mean |
0.01 x |
0.01 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.00 |
0.00 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.01 |
0.01 |
LUCA |
Mean |
0.01 x |
0.01 |
[giga/L] |
S.d. |
0.00 |
0.01 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.01 |
0.01 |
NEUT |
Mean |
13.0 x |
17.9 |
[%] |
S.d. |
1.0 |
3.4 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
12.7 |
17.1 |
LYMPH |
Mean |
83.0 x |
77.9 |
[%] |
S.d. |
1.1 |
3.9 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
83.5 |
79.2 |
MONO |
Mean |
1.6 x |
1.6 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.2 |
0.5 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.7 |
1.5 |
EOS |
Mean |
1.8 x |
2.2 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.3 |
2.0 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.7 |
1.5 |
BASO |
Mean |
0.3 x |
0.2 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.1 |
0.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.3 |
0.2 |
LUC |
Mean |
0.3 x |
0.3 |
[%] |
S.d. |
0.2 |
0.2 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Tab. 16: Enzymes (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics; x=WILCOX; NA=No Test Applicable
|
0/M |
1/M |
|
ALT |
Mean |
0.64 x |
1.22 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.10 |
0.66 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.60 |
0.97 |
AST |
Mean |
1.91 x |
2.06 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.19 |
0.37 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.94 |
2.04 |
ALP |
Mean |
1.76 x |
1.92 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.69 |
0.68 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.46 |
1.84 |
GGT_C |
Mean |
25 NA |
25 |
[nkat/L] |
S.d. |
0 |
0 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
25 |
25 |
Tab. 17: Enzymes (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics; x=WILCOX; NA=No Test Applicable
|
0/F |
1/F |
|
ALT |
Mean |
0.64 x |
0.73 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.14 |
0.27 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.59 |
0.71 |
AST |
Mean |
1.84 x |
1.38 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.52 |
0.28 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.56 |
1.29 |
ALP |
Mean |
0.98 x |
1.08 |
[µkat/L] |
S.d. |
0.28 |
0.28 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.03 |
1.04 |
GGT_C |
Mean |
25 NA |
25 |
[nkat/L] |
S.d. |
0 |
0 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
25 |
25 |
Tab. 18: Substrates + minerals (Sex: Male - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/M |
1/M |
|
UREA |
Mean |
4.88 x |
5.01 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.23 |
0.68 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
4.91 |
4.92 |
CREA |
Mean |
21.3 x |
25.5 |
[µmol/L] |
S.d. |
1.1 |
6.1 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
20.9 |
27.9 |
GLUC |
Mean |
6.73 x |
6.93 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.62 |
1.02 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
6.96 |
6.56 |
TBIL_C |
Mean |
1.80 x |
2.03 |
[µmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.27 |
0.65 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.74 |
1.96 |
TPROT |
Mean |
62.04 x |
62.26 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
2.26 |
2.36 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
63.26 |
62.09 |
ALB |
Mean |
36.81 x |
36.74 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
1.29 |
0.87 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
37.28 |
36.63 |
GLOB |
Mean |
25.23 x |
25.51 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
1.10 |
1.56 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
25.55 |
25.46 |
CHOL |
Mean |
1.62 x |
0.87 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.35 |
0.28 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.70 |
0.86 |
TRIG |
Mean |
0.81 x |
0.95 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.17 |
0.17 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.85 |
0.97 |
INP |
Mean |
2.20 x |
2.34 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.27 |
0.12 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
2.24 |
2.36 |
CA |
Mean |
2.54 x |
2.55 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.09 |
0.03 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
2.50 |
2.55 |
Tab. 19: Substrates + minerals (Sex: Female - Phase: In-life) X = Group excluded from statistics
|
0/F |
1/F |
|
UREA |
Mean |
5.33 x |
5.18 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.45 |
0.66 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
5.37 |
4.92 |
CREA |
Mean |
28.8 x |
27.7 |
[µmol/L] |
S.d. |
4.3 |
2.6 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
27.7 |
27.4 |
GLUC |
Mean |
5.56 x |
6.88 * |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.70 |
0.79 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
5.43 |
7.06 |
TBIL_C |
Mean |
1.75 x |
2.00 |
[µmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.52 |
0.45 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.73 |
2.18 |
TPROT |
Mean |
65.66 x |
66.17 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
1.79 |
2.55 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
66.48 |
65.96 |
ALB |
Mean |
40.69 x |
39.48 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
1.18 |
1.19 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
40.65 |
39.70 |
GLOB |
Mean |
24.96 x |
26.68 |
[g/L] |
S.d. |
1.01 |
1.78 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
24.77 |
27.10 |
CHOL |
Mean |
1.26 x |
1.13 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.28 |
0.44 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.31 |
1.05 |
TRIG |
Mean |
0.40 x |
0.48 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.04 |
0.16 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
0.41 |
0.45 |
INP |
Mean |
1.66 x |
1.73 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.11 |
0.17 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
1.71 |
1.77 |
CA |
Mean |
2.58 x |
2.51 |
[mmol/L] |
S.d. |
0.06 |
0.08 |
day 15 |
N |
5 |
5 |
|
Median |
2.56 |
2.53 |
Tab. 20: Overview - Absolute Organ weights
|
Male animals |
Female animals |
Test group (mg/kg bw/d) |
1 (150) |
1 (150) |
Terminal body weight |
-8.3% |
-6.2% |
Seminal vesicles |
-34.69% |
|
Tab. 21: Overview- Relative Organ weights
|
Male animals |
Female animals |
Test group (mg/kg bw/d) |
1 (150) |
1 (150) |
Liver |
|
+24.07% |
Tab. 22: Overview - Histopathology
|
Male animals |
Female animals |
||
Test group (mg/kg bw/d) |
0 (0) |
1 (150) |
0 (0) |
1 (150) |
No. of animals |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Hypertrophy, centrilobular |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
· Grade1 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
Fatty change, periportal |
0 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
· Grade1 |
|
|
2 |
1 |
· Grade2 |
|
|
1 |
|
Weight parameters
Absolute organ weights
When compared to control group 0 (set to 100%), the mean absolute weights of following organs were remarkably increased or decreased in one or more test groups (statistically significant changes printed in bold):
|
Male animals |
Female animals |
||||
Test group (mg/kg bw/d) |
1 (150) |
2 (450) |
3 (750/600) |
1 (150) |
2 (450) |
3 (750/600) |
Terminal body weight |
98% |
92%* |
85%** |
|
|
|
Adrenal glands |
102% |
116% |
130%* |
|
|
|
Epididymides |
98% |
83%** |
58%** |
|
|
|
Liver |
|
|
|
112% |
141%** |
149%* |
Prostate |
93% |
57%** |
36%** |
|
|
|
Seminal vesicles |
70%** |
36%** |
15%** |
|
|
|
Testes |
101% |
94% |
73% |
|
|
|
*p <= 0.05; **p <= 0.01
All other mean absolute weight parameters did not show significant differences when compared to the control group 0.
Relative organ weights
When compared to control group 0 (set to 100%), the mean relative weights of following organs were remarkably increased or decreased in one or more test groups (statistically significant changes printed in bold):
|
Male animals |
Female animals |
||||
Test group (mg/kg bw/d) |
1 (150) |
2 (450) |
3 (750/600) |
1 (150) |
2 (450) |
3 (750/600) |
Adrenal glands |
104% |
126%** |
153%** |
|
|
|
Epididymides |
99% |
90% |
68%* |
|
|
|
Liver |
111%** |
127%** |
124%** |
113% |
143%** |
154%* |
Prostate |
94% |
62%* |
41%** |
|
|
|
Seminal vesicles |
71% |
39%** |
17%** |
|
|
|
Testes |
103% |
102% |
84% |
|
|
|
*p <= 0.05; **p <= 0.01
All other mean relative weight parameters did not show significant differences when compared to the control group 0.
The decreased terminal body weight in males of test groups 2 (450mg/kg bw/d) and 3 (750/600 mg/kg bw/d) was regarded to be treatment related.
The dose related increase of absolute liver weights in female animals of test groups 2 and 3 and the dose related increase of relative liver weights in male animals of test groups 1 to 3 (150, 450, 750/600 mg/kg bw/d) and in female animals of test groups 2 and 3 were considered tobe treatment related.
The dose related increase of absolute (test group 3) and relative (test groups 2 and 3) weights of adrenal glands in male animals may be partly correlated with the decreased terminal body weight (-8, -15%) in these animals.
After treatment the mean absolute and relative weights of the prostate and seminal vesicles were significantly decreased in test groups 2 and 3, additionally, the mean absolute weights of seminal vesicles were significantly decreased in test group 1. The epididymides showed a decreased absolute weight in test groups 2 and 3 and a decreased relative weight in test group 3. In test group 3 males, the weight reduction might be correlated with the decreased (-15%) terminal body weight, whereas the slight decrease of the terminal body weight in test groups 1 and 2 (- 2, -8%) cannot explain the distinct weight reduction of these organs. Therefore, the weight reduction of prostate, seminal vesicles and epididymides in respective test groups was regarded to be treatment related.
The absolute (-27%) and relative (-16%) weights of testes were remarkably decreased, although weight changes were not statistically significant. Testicular weight changes in test group 3 were regarded as treatment related.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 25 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Organ:
- kidney
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Range-finding study
Ethanone, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-nonylphenyl)-, oxime, branched was administered daily as an oily solution to groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats orally by gavage at doses of 0, 150, 450 and 750 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d). Due to clinical findings (i.e. piloerection, smeared fur at anogenital region) and body weight loss in animals of the high-dose group, the dose level of 750 mg/kg bw/d was reduced to 600 mg/kg bw/d from study day 3 onwards. Control animals (5 male and 5 female Wistar rats) were dosed daily with the vehicle only (corn oil) over a period of 14 days.
The present study does not have a GLP-status. The protocol and the experimental procedure were not checked by the QAU.
OBSERVATIONS
The animals were examined for signs of toxicity or mortality before the administration as well as within 2 hours and within 5 hours after the administration.
Water consumption, food consumption and body weight were determined on days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14.
Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations were performed of all animals in each sex and dose-group towards the end of the administration period.
Various sperm parameters (motility, sperm head count, morphology) were assessed in all males at scheduled sacrifice or after appropriate staining.
On day 15 all animals were sacrificed by decapitation, under isoflurane anesthesia, and were assessed by gross pathology. Weights of selected organs were recorded and a histopathological examination was performed.
RESULTS
The following test substance-related adverse effects/findings were noted:
Test group 3: 750/600 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations:
• Reduced testes size in 3/5 males
• Piloerection in 5/5 males and 5/5 females
• Fur smeared in the anogenital region in 5/5 males and 2/5 females
• Increased water consumption in males and females during the whole study (up to 67% and 91%, respectively)
• Decreased food consumption in males during study days 0 - 14 (about 25%)
• Decreased food consumption in females during study days 0 - 7 (up to 53%)
• Decreased body weights in males (up to 12%)
• Body weight loss in males (days 0 - 14; -9.5 g vs. 35.1 g in control)
Clinical Pathology:
• Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit values in both sexes
• Decreased red blood cell counts in females
• Decreased relative reticulocyte counts in males
• Increased globulin values in females
• Increased creatinine values in males
• Decreased motility, decreased sperm head counts in the testis and the cauda epididymidis and increased relative abnormal sperm counts in two of five males
Pathology:
• Increased relative weight of livers (+24)% in male animals and increased absolute (+49%) and relative (+54%) weights of livers in female animals
• Slight to moderate centrilobular hypertrophy in livers of male and female animals
• Decreased absolute (-27%) and relative (-16%) weights of testes
• Slight to moderate degeneration of testicular tubules in 4/5 animals
• Vacuolization of Sertoli cells in 4/5 animals
• Decreased absolute (-42%) and relative (-32%) weights of epididymides
• Minimal to severe oligospermia in the epididymis in 3/5 animals
• Cellular debris in the epididymis in 4/5 animals
• Decreased absolute (-64%) and relative (-59%) prostate weights
• Decreased absolute (-85%) and relative (-83%) weights of seminal vesicles
• Changes of interstitial glands (ovaries) in 5/5 females
Test group 2: 450 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations:
• Reduced testes size in 1/5 males
• Piloerection in 1/5 females
• Fur smeared in the anogenital region in 2/5 males
• Increased water consumption in males during study days 0 - 14 (about 30%)
• Increased water consumption in females during study days 0 - 14 (about 64%)
• Decreased food consumption in males and females during study days 0 - 3 (about 25% and 30%, respectively)
• Decreased body weight gain in males during study days 0 - 14 (12.1 g vs. 35.1 g in control)
Clinical Pathology:
• Decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit values and RBC counts in females
• Increased globulin values in females
• Decreased sperm head counts in the cauda epididymidis and increased relative
abnormal sperm counts in one of five males
Pathology:
• Increased relative weight of livers (+27)% in male animals and increased absolute
(+41%) and relative (+43%) weights of livers in female animals
• Minimal to slight centrilobular hypertrophy in livers of male and female animals
• Minimal degeneration of testicular tubules in 3/5 animals
• Decreased absolute (-17%) weight of epididymides
• Cellular debris in the epididymis in 2/5 animals
• Decreased absolute (-43%) and relative (-38%) prostate weights
• Decreased absolute (-64%) and relative (-61%) weights of seminal vesicles
• Changes of interstitial glands (ovaries) in 5/5 females
Test group 1: 150 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations, Clinical Pathology:
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were measured regarding clinical examinations and clinical pathology parameters.
Pathology:
• Decreased absolute weight (-30%) of seminal vesicles
CONCLUSION
The two week oral administration of Ethanone 1-(2-hydroxy-5-nonylphenyl)-, oxime, branched to male and female Wistar rats revealed test substance-related, adverse signs of toxicity with regard to erythrocytes, liver, adrenal glands, male reproductive organs and ovaries at a dose of 450 mg/kg bw/d and above Therefore, under the conditions of the present study the no observed adverse effect level
(NOAEL) for general, systemic toxicity for the females was 150 mg/kg bw/d based on anemia, centrilobular hypertrophy in liver cells and changes of the interstitial glands in the
ovaries at 450 mg/kg bw/d and above.
The NOAEL for the males was lower than 150 mg/kg bw/d because a dose-dependent decrease in absolute organ weights of the seminal vesicles were noted at all tested dose levels of 150 mg/kg bw/d and above, together with other findings in the male reproductive organs, anemia and centrilobular hypertrophy in liver cells in the two higher dose levels.
Main study with read across substance Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched, which lacks a methyl group at the oxime carbon atom compared to the target substance
The test substance Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched was administered daily by gavage to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar rats (F0 animals) at dose levels of 0 (control), 8, 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d). Corn oil served as vehicle, control animals were dosed daily with the vehicle only. The study was conducted according to OECD 422 guideline and GLP (BASF, 2020).
The duration of treatment covered a 2-week premating period and mating in both sexes (mating pairs were from the same test group) as well as entire gestation and lactation period in females up to one day prior to the day of schedule sacrifice of the animals.
The parents' and the pups' state of health was checked each day, and parental animals were examined for their mating and reproductive performances.
F0 animals were mated for a maximum of two weeks after the beginning of treatment to produce a litter (F1 generation pups). As soon as sperm was detected in the vaginal smear, mating was discontinued. F0 animals were examined for their reproductive performance including determinations of the number of implantations and the calculation of the postimplantation loss in all F0 females.
A detailed clinical observation (DCO) was performed in all animals before initial test substance administration and, as a rule, thereafter at weekly intervals. Food consumption of the F0 parents was determined regularly once weekly before and after the mating period, as well as in dams during gestation days 7, 14 and 20 and lactation days 4, 7, 10 and 13.
In general, the body weights of F0 animals were determined once a week. However, during gestation and lactation, F0 females were weighed on gestation days (GD) 0, 7, 14 and 20, and on postnatal days (PND) 0, 4, 7, 10 and 13. The pups were sexed and examined for macroscopically evident changes on PND 0. They were weighed on PNDs 1, 4, 7 and on PND 13 and their viability was recorded. On day 1
after birth the anogenital distance (AGD) was determined on all live male, female and uncertain pups. On PND 4, the individual litters were standardized in such a way that, whenever possible, each litter contains 4 male and 4 female pups (as a rule, the first 4 surviving pups/sex in each litter were taken for further rearing). On PND 13, all male F1 pups were examined for retention of nipples/areolae. The number of nipples/areolae anlagen were counted.
At necropsy on PNDs 4 and 13, all pups were sacrificed with CO2 under isoflurane anesthesia and examined macroscopically for external and visceral findings. Blood samples were taken from all surplus pups or 2 preferably female pups per litter at PND 4 as well as one male and one female pup per litter at PND 13 by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia. Additionally, blood samples from all dams at PND 14 and all males at termination were taken by puncturing the retrobulbar venous plexus under isoflurane anesthesia. Thyroid glands/parathyroid glands were fixed in neutral buffered 4% formaldehyde solution and transferred to the Laboratory Pathology for possible further processing.
Towards the end of the administration period, a functional observational battery was performed, and motor activity was measured in 5 parental animals per sex and test group. Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations were performed in 5 parental animals per sex and group. All F0 parental animals were sacrificed by decapitation under isoflurane anesthesia and were assessed by gross pathology. Weights of selected organs were recorded, and a histopathological examination was performed.
The following findings were observed:
Analyses
The various analyses confirmed
• the stability of the test-substance preparations for a period of at least 7 days at room temperature,
• the homogeneous distribution of the test substance in the vehicle,
• the correctness of the prepared concentrations.
Effects
The following test substance-related, relevant findings were noted:
100 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examinations and Reproductive Performance
• In female animals, food consumption was significantly decreased during the first week of premating as well as during the gestational period. The lower mean values during the gestational period were related to the missing pregnancy.
• During the gestation period, dams’ mean body weights were significantly lower on GDs 14 (-13%) and 20 (-28%). Body weight change values were also significantly lower, i.e. between GDs 7-14, 14-20 and 0-20. The lower mean values were assessed to be related to the missing pregnancy.
• During the gestation period, two female animals showed vaginal discharge and two female animals showed piloerection. One of these female animals had a complete litter loss at term.
• Only two of 10 mated females were pregnant. Thus, male and female fertility indices was reduced to 20%.
• Two pregnant females showed each 3 and 2 implantations sites compared to a mean value of 11.9 in the control animals. One female animal delivered 3 pups,one female animal only one.
• The viability index calculated for these two litters was reduced to 50% since the single pup of one female animal died on postnatal day (PND) 1 and, consequently, the female had a complete litter loss resulting in only one remaining litter with living offspring.
Clinical Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
Pathology
• Significantly reduced mean terminal body weight occurred in female animals (-6.4%).
• In male animals, sex-related organ weights were significantly decreased, i.e. prostate (absolute -25% and relative -22%), seminal vesicle (absolute -31% and relative -29%) as well as epididymides (absolute -9%, but no significant relative weight decrease was observed).
• In the kidneys of six male animals, minimal to slight degeneration/regeneration of tubules was observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• The viability index indicating pup mortality between PND 0 and 4 was reduced to 50%.
25 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examination, Reproductive Performance, Clinical Pathology and Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
8 mg/kg bw/d
F0 PARENTAL ANIMALS
Clinical Examination, Reproductive Performance, Clinical Pathology and Pathology
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
F1 PUPS
Clinical Examinations/ Gross Findings
• No treatment-related, adverse effects were observed.
CONCLUSION
Under the conditions of this Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test, the oral administration by gavage of C9-Aldoxime to Wistar rats revealed signs of systemic toxicity at a dose level of 100 mg/kg bw/d in male and female animals.
Thus, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for general systemic toxicity was 25 mg/kg bw/d for male and female Wistar rats.
Range-finding study with the read across substance Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched, which lacks a methyl group at the oxime carbon atom compared to the target substance
The test substance Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched was administered by gavage to groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats at dose levels of 0 (test group 0), 150 (test group 1) and 450 mg/kg body weight/day (mg/kg bw/d; test group 2) over a period of two weeks. Corn oil served as vehicle.
Food consumption and body weights were determined twice weekly. The animals were examined for signs of toxicity or mortality at least once a day. Clinico-chemical and hematological examinations performed towards the end of the administration period. After the administration period, all animals were sacrificed and assessed by gross pathology. Organ weights as well as sperm parameters were determined followed by histopathological examinations.
Analytics
The various analyses confirmed
• the stability of the test-substance preparations for a period of 7 days at room temperature.
The following test substance-related, relevant findings were noted:
Test group 2: 450 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations
• Female animal No. 28 was sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 2. All male and the remaining female animals were sacrificed in a moribund condition on study day 3.
• Salivation and piloerection was observed in all male and female animals.
• Encrusted nose, smeared fur and an unsteady gait was observed in 2 male animals.
• Poor general condition was observed in 1 male animal and in 2 female animals
• Hypothermia was detected in 4 female animals
• High-stepping gait was observed in 2 female animals
• Hunched posture, respiration sounds and semi-closed eyelid were observed in 1 female animal
• Urine stained fur was observed in 4 male animals and in 4 female animals
• Discolored feces were detected in 4 male and 2 female animals
• Muicid feces were detected in 2 male animals and in 2 female animals
• Food consumption was significantly reduced over the entire study period in male and female animals with a maximum of -70% (male animals) and -63% (female animals) on study day 3
• Body weight loss was observed in all male and female animals on study day 3
Test group 1: 150 mg/kg bw/d
Clinical Examinations
• Salivation was observed in all male and female animals
• Piloerection was observed in 2 male and 2 female animals
• Discolored feces were detected in 1 male animal
• 1 male animal plough nose first into bedding after application
• Food consumption was significantly reduced over the entire study period in male animals with a maximum of -33%
• Food consumption of female animals was significantly reduced on study day 3 and 7 with a maximum of -25% on study day 7
• Body weight loss was observed in all male and female animals on study day 3
• Significantly reduced body weight was observed in male animals on study days 10 and 14.
• Body weight change in female animals was significantly reduced on study day 7.
Clinical Pathology
• Prolonged prothrombin time in both sexes
• Decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit values in females
• Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in males
• Decreased cholesterol values in males
Pathology
• Significantly reduced terminal body weights in male (-8.3%) and female (-6.2%) animals
• Reduced absolute (-34.69%, significant) and relative (-29.35%, not significant) weights of seminal vesicles in male animals
• Increased absolute (+16.28%, not significant) and relative (+24.07, significant) liver weights in female animals
• Minimal centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes in 1/5 male and 2/5 female animals
CONCLUSION
The oral administration of C9-Aldoxime by gavage to male and female Wistar rats for 2 weeks caused test substance-related, adverse signs of toxicity at dose level of 150 mg/kg bw/d and above.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The available experimental test data with the read across substance Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-, oxime, branched
are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008. There were significant toxic effects at doses of 100 mg/kg bw upon subacute oral exposure in rats in the OECD 422 study. These consisted of significant effects like clinical findings, body weight loss as well as adverse effects on kidney and non-adverse effects on the liver.
As a result, the substance is considered to be classified asSTOT RE Cat. 2under Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, as amended for the 14th time in Regulation (EC) No. 20020/217.
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