Reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Reliable, adequate and relevant in vivo studies on skin and eye irritation performed according to the relevant OECD Guidelines (404 and 405, respectively) and EU Methods (B.4 and B.5, respectively) are available. Substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) when applied for 4 hours under semiocclusion to the intact skin of rabbits induced no skin reactions at all. In the in vivo eye irritation study, the substance induced reversible adverse effects on cornea, iris and conjunctivae in all three animals. Mean eye irritation scores trigger a classification as an eye irritant according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Remarks:

In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/863, preamble (7), adequate information from existing in vivo skin irritation study used to fulfil the standard information requirement point 8.1 Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1991-02-06 to 1991-02-09

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP, Guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

May 12, 1981

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

EEC Directive 84/449 EEC, EEC Publication No. L251, September 1984

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Broekman Institute, Someren, The Netherlands
- Selection of animals: Animals for test were selected from stock on the basis of background history. Each animal may have been used on a maximum of 3 previous occasions (in up to 2 eye irritation studies - one test each eye, possibly 1 skin irritation study). No significant response has been noted on any previous occasion. Only an area of flank skin not used previously treated was used for the test.
- Rational for selection: To minimise animal usage without compromising sudy integrity.
- Age at study initiation: approximately 16 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2793-3134 g
- Housing: Individually in cages with perforated floors equipped with an automatic drinking system (ITL, Bergen, The Netherlands)
- Diet: Standard laboratory rabbit diet (LKK-20, pellet diameter 4mm, Hope Farms, Woerden, The Netherlands) approximately 100 g per day
- Water: tap-water diluted with decalcified water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least five days before start of treatment under test conditions.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21°C
- Humidity: 55 %
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod: Lighting was 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours dark per day.

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

water

Controls:

other: The contralateral flank was similarly prepared (but without test article and vehicle) to act as procedural control.

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g

VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): The powdery test substance was moistened with distilled water, immediately before application, to ensure close contact to the animal skin.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

The skin reactions were assessed at approximately 60 minutes, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the removal of the dressings and test substance.

Number of animals:

3

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Preparation: Approximately 24 hours before treatment, the dorsal fur was shaved with electric clipper, exposing an area of approximately 100 square centimeters (10 cm x 10 cm).
- Area of exposure: 2x3 cm
- Test substance application: On test day 1, 0.5 gram of the moistened test substance was applied to the intact skin of the shaved area on one flank, using a Metalline patch (2x3 cm, Lohman, Neuwied, W.-Germany), mounted to Micropore tape (3M, St. Paule, USA).
- Type of wrap if used: The dressing was wrapped around the abdomen and secured with an elastic bandage (Coban, 3M, St. Paul, USA).

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): At the end of the application period, the dressing was removed and the remaining test article removed using a tissue moistened with tap-water and subsequently a dry tissue.
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hours

SCORING SYSTEM: numerical scoring system according to Draize as given in the guidelines

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no erythema occured

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no erythema occured

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no erythema occured

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no edema occured

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no edema occured

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable as no edema occured

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Without exception, all individual and mean scores for erythema and edema were 0 at every observation time (55 minutes, 24, hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours).

Under the conditions of this study, no skin irritation was caused by the test substance in all three animals.

In the area of application, no staining of the treated skin by the test substance was observed.

No corrosive effect occurred on the skin in all three rabbits.

No signs of systemic intoxication were observed during the study period.

The test substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) resulted in a primary irritation index of 0 (non-irritating) when applied to the intact rabbit skin.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

Criteria used for interpretation of results: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (EU GHS)

Conclusions:

According to the criteria for classification and labelling of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, the test substance does not need to be classified for skin corrosion/irritation.

Executive summary:

In a primary dermal irritation study according to OECD Guideline No. 404, May 12, 1981 and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.4, September 1984, 3 young adult New Zealand white rabbits were dermally exposed to 0.5 g of substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) in water to approximately 6 cm² of body surface area. Tests sites were covered with a semiocclusive dressing for 4 hours. Animals were then observed for 72 hours. Irritation was scored by the numerical scoring system according to Draize as given in the guidelines.

Without exception, all individual and mean scores for erythema and edema were 0 at every observation time (primary irritation index = 0).

In this study, substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) is not a dermal irritant.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Remarks:

In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/863, preamble (7), adequate information from existing in vivo eye irritation study used to fulfil the standard information requirement point 8.2 Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1991-02-11 to 1991-03-04

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP, Guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

February 24, 1987

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

EEC Directive 84/449 EEC, EEC Publication No. L251, September 1984

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Broekman Institute, Someren, The Netherlands
- Selection of animals: Animals for test were selected from stock on the basis of background history. Each animal may have been used on a maximum of 3 previous occasions (in up to 2 skin irritation studies - one test each flank, and possibly 1 eye irritation study). No significant response has been noted on any previous occasion. Only eyes not previously treated were used for the test.
- Rational for selection: To minimise animal usage without compromising sudy integrity.
- Age at study initiation: approximately 20 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 3106-3377 g
- Housing: Individually in cages with perforated floors equipped with an automatic drinking system (ITL, Bergen, The Netherlands)
- Diet: Standard laboratory rabbit diet (LKK-20, pellet diameter 4mm, Hope Farms, Woerden, The Netherlands) approximately 100 g per day
- Water: tap-water diluted with decalcified water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least five days before start of treatment under test conditions.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21°C
- Humidity: 55 %
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod: Lighting was 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours dark per day.

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

other: The other eye of each animal remained untreated and served as the reference control.

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 62 +/- 2 mg (equivalent to 0.1 mL) per animal

VEHICLE
- no vehicle used

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hours

Observation period (in vivo):

21 days

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3

Details on study design:

TEST SUBSTANCE PREPARATION: The powdery test substance was instilled as delivered by the sponsor.

TREATMENT: On day 1, prior to test substance administration, the animals were physically examined and the eyes were found to be normal.

The test substance (approximately 62 mg (0.1 mL) per animal) was instilled in the conjunctival sac of one eye of each animal after gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The lids were then gently held together for about one second to prevent loss of the test substance. The other eye remained untreated and served as the reference control.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Immediately after fluorescein examination on day 2, both eyes of all three animals were rinsed with approximately 50 mL tepid tap-water per eye, using a velocity of flow which did not affect the eyes, to remove residual test substance. However, not all test substance could be rinsed out because of adherence of test substance to the conjunctivae.
- Time after start of exposure: day 2 (24 hours after treatment)

SCORING SYSTEM: The test results were evaluated according to the EEC general classification and labelling requirements for dangerous substances (Annex VI of the EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC as amended by Directive 83/467/EEC, Sep. 1983). Draize scores were calculated.

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE:
- Immediately after the 24 hour observation, a solution of 2 % fluorescein in water (adjusted to pH 7.0) was instilled into both eyes of each animal to quantitatively determine corneal epithelial damage. This procedure was repeated in all three animals on days 4 and 8. Any bright green stained area, indicating epithelial damage, was estimated as a percentage of the total corneal area.
- In case standard lighting was considered inadequate for observing minor effects, eye examinations were performed using a pocket flash light.
- In case of equivocal results when comparing the treated and untreated eyes, the illustrated guide from the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 was used for additional control purposes.

OBSERVATIONS:
- Viability/Mortality: Daily, animals were also examined for signs of toxicity.
- Body weight: Day 1 of test (application day).
- Symptoms: The eyes of each animal were examined approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7, 14 and 21 days after instillation of the test substance.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.66

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h; area of cornea affected: max. score 2

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

> 0 - < 1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h Very slight corneal opacity, rated by study authors as score 0, but fluorescein positive 24 and 72 hours after instillation; area of cornea affected: max. score 2

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

> 0 - < 1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h Very slight corneal opacity, rated by study authors as score 0, but fluorescein positive 24 and 72 hours after instillation; area of cornea affected: max. score 3

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 21 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 21 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 21 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

2.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 21days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

2.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

2.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 21 days

Remarks on result:

other: average score for time points 24/48/72 h

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Instillation of the substance resulted in reversible adverse effects on cornea, iris and conjunctivae in all three animals.

The opacity of the cornea was reversible within 7 days after exposure, the injection of the iris was reversible within 72 hours and the irritation of the conjunctivae was reversible within 21 days in all three animals.

There was no evidence of ocular corrosion.

No signs of systemic intoxication were observed during the study period. No animal died.

Table 1: Irritant/corrosive response data for each animal at each observation time up to removal of each animal from the test

Score at time point / Reversibility	Cornea opacity	Area of cornea affected	Iris	Conjunctivae	Chemosis	Discharge
	Max. score: 4	Max. score: 4	Max. score: 2	Max. score: 3	Max. score: 4	Max. score: 3
60 min	0^1)/0^1)/0^1)	1/1/1	1/1/1	1/1/1	3/2/3	0/0/0
24 h	0^1)/0^1)/0^1)	2/2/3	1/1/1	3/3/3	2/2/2	2/2/2
48 h	1/0^1)/0^1)	1/2/2	1/1/1	3/3/3	2/2/2	3/3/3
72 h	1/0^1)/0^1)	2/1/1	0/0/0	3/3/3	1/1/1	2/1/2
7 d	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	2/3/2	0/0/0	1/0/1
14 d	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	1/1/1	1/0/1	0/0/1
21 d	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0
Average 24h, 48h, 72h	0.66/0^1)/0^1)	1.67/1.67/2	0.67/0.67/0.67	3/3/3	2.33/2.33/2.33	2.33/2/2.33
Reversibility*)	c/c/c	c/c/c	c/c/c	c/c/c	c/c/c	c/c/c
Average time (d) for reversion	7/7/7	7/7/7	3/3/3	21/21/21	21/7/21	14/7/21

1) Very slight corneal opacity, rated by study authors as score 0. Treatment of the eyes with 2 % fluorescein, 24 and 72 hours after test substance instillation revealed corneal epithelial damage in all three animals.

 *) Reversibility: c. = completely reversible; n.c. = not completely reversible; n. = not reversible

The test substance was considered moderately irritating to the rabbit eye by a Kay and Calandra interpretation (J. Society of Cosmetic Chemists, Vol. B no.6, 1962) of the calculated maximum Draize score of 22.7 (maximum possible score 110).

Interpretation of results:

Category 2 (irritating to eyes) based on GHS criteria

Remarks:

Criteria used for interpretation of results: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (EU GHS)

Conclusions:

According to the criteria for classification and labelling of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, the test substance should be labelled as Irritating to eyes (Category 2).

Executive summary:

In a primary eye irritation study according to OECD Guideline No. 405, February 24, 1987 and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.5, September 1984, 62 mg (0.1 mL) of substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) was instilled into the conjunctival sac of one eye of 3 young adult New Zealand white rabbits for 24 hours. Animals were observed for 21 days. Irritation was scored by the numerical scoring system according to Draize as given in the guidelines.

Instillation of the substance resulted in reversible adverse effects on cornea, iris and conjunctivae in all three animals.

The opacity of the cornea was reversible within 7 days after exposure, the injection of the iris was reversible within 72 hours and the irritation of the conjunctivae was reversible within 21 days in all three animals. There was no evidence of ocular corrosion.

In this study, substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) is an eye irritant.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

In a primary dermal irritation study according to OECD Guideline No. 404, May 12, 1981 and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.4, September 1984, 3 young adult New Zealand white rabbits were dermally exposed to 0.5 g of substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) in water to approximately 6 cm² of body surface area. Tests sites were covered with a semiocclusive dressing for 4 hours. Animals were then observed for 72 hours. Irritation was scored by the numerical scoring system according to Draize as given in the guidelines.

Without exception, all individual and mean scores for erythema and edema were 0 at every observation time (primary irritation index = 0).

In this study, substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) is not a dermal irritant.

 

In a primary eye irritation study according to OECD Guideline No. 405, February 24, 1987 and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.5, September 1984, 62 mg (0.1 mL) of substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) was instilled into the conjunctival sac of one eye of 3 young adult New Zealand white rabbits for 24 hours. Animals were observed for 21 days. Irritation was scored by the numerical scoring system according to Draize as given in the guidelines.

Instillation of the substance has resulted in reversible adverse effects on cornea, iris and conjunctivae in all three animals.

The opacity of the cornea was reversible within 7 days after exposure, the injection of the iris was reversible within 72 hours and the irritation of the conjunctivae was reversible within 21 days in all three animals. There was no evidence of ocular corrosion.

In this study, substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) is an eye irritant.

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
Only study available. Study according to OECD and EU guidelines, no deviations, GLP.

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
Only study available. Study according to OECD and EU guidelines, no deviations, GLP.

Justification for classification or non-classification

A non-classification of substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) is justified for skin irritation according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 in consideration of the results of a reliable animal study. Substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) when applied for 4 hours under semiocclusion to the intact skin of rabbits induced no skin reactions at all.

Classification of eye irritation is based on effects on cornea, iris and conjunctiva calculated as mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of the test material, in consideration of reversibility. Substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" (90 % a.i.) induced adverse but reversible effects on cornea, iris and conjunctivae in all three animals. Mean values of eye response at 24, 48 and 72 h for conjunctival redness and chemosis trigger a classification as an eye irritant according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. The opacity of the cornea was reversible within 7 days after exposure, the injection of the iris was reversible within 72 hours and the irritation of the conjunctivae was reversible within 21 days in all three animals. There was no evidence of ocular corrosion.

According to the criteria layed down in Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging (CLP) of substances and mixtures (EU GHS), substance "reaction mass of calcium hydrogen phosphonate and dialuminium tricalcium hexaoxide" should be labelled as irritating to eyes (Category 2).