1,4-diisopropylbenzene

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin irritation/corrosion

 The test substance was rated a moderate irritant to guinea pigs.

Eye irritation

 Test item is slightly irritating to the eyes of rabbits. Immediate washing was beneficial.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Remarks:

in vivo study that was performed prior to current requirement for in vitro alternative testing

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

26 January 1982 - 16 April 1984

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The test was conducted according to an internal method.

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

TEST MATERIAL
- name as cited in test report: p-diisopropylbenzene
- Molecular weight: 162 g/mol
- Molecular formula: C12H18
- Physical state: liquid
- Boiling point: 208 °C at 760 mmHg

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: not specified
- Stability with H+; OH-; Heat, Light, H2: given

Species:

guinea pig

Strain:

not specified

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Preparation of test site:

other: depilated

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

single dose

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hours

Observation period:

2 weeks

Details on study design:

occluded, single exposure, 24 hours
(guinea pig abdomen)

and

open, Repeated (10 doses) - 5 animals

Irritation parameter:

overall irritation score

Basis:

animal:

Remarks on result:

other: Moderate erythema, edema and some necrosis.

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal:

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal:

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Irritant / corrosive response data:

The compound was a moderate skin irritant when applied to the depilated guinea pig abdomen under an occlusive wrap for 24 hours. It produced moderate erythema, edema and some necrosis. Thin eschars at one week, light scarring desquamation and alopecia at 2 weeks.

Occluded, single dose:

The compound produced moderate to severe erythema and edema and some necrosis initially; eschars were present after one week, and scarring, desquamation and alopecia were present after two weeks at doses ranging from 20 mL/g down to 1 mL/kg.

 

Open, Reapead (10 Doses) - 5 animals:

Moderate to severe erythema and edema replaced by thick, broken eschars at day 10.

Skin Absorption possible

 

Repeated daily application (10) of 0.5 mL of the material moderately exacerbated the initial response. Moderate to severe erythema and edema and petechial hemorrhages were present at day 1. By day 10, the application site in all animals was characterized by thick, broken eschars. Absorption of the compound through the skin was possible, since three of five animals in the repeated skin application test lost weight over the course of the study. 

Interpretation of results:

Category 2 (irritant) based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

p-diisopropylbenzene was rated a moderate irritant under the conditions of this study.

Executive summary:

p-diisopropylbenzene was a moderate skin irritant when applied to the depilated guinea pig abdomen under an occlusive wrap for 24 hours.

It produced moderate erythema, edema and some necrosis. Thin eschars at one week, light scarring desquamation and alopecia at 2 weeks.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Remarks:

in vivo study that was performed prior to current requirement for in vitro alternative testing

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

26 January 1982 - 16 April 1984

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The eye irritation test was performed onto both eyes of 3 rabbits; in one eye of each rabbit, the material was immediately rinsed with water, while in the other eye, the material remained without washing.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

TEST MATERIAL
- name as cited in test report: p-diisopropylbenzene
- Molecular weight: 162 g/mol
- Molecular formula: C12H18
- Physical state: liquid
- Boiling point: 208 °C at 760 mmHg

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: not specified
- Stability with H+; OH-; Heat, Light, H2: given

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

not specified

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3animals
3 eyes washed, 3 eyes unwashed

Irritation parameter:

overall irritation score

Basis:

animal: 1, 2, 3

Time point:

other: 1h

Remarks on result:

other: 3 of 3 animals with washing after treatment and 3 of 3 animals without washing after treatment showed slight irritation, limited to erythema of adnexa, resolved after one hour

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal: 1, 2, 3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: None of the three animals with washing after treatment and none of the three animals without washing after treatment showed Fluorescein stain on the cornea.

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal: 1, 2, 3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks on result:

other: None of the three animals with washing after treatment and none of the three animals without washing after treatment showed Fluorescein stain on the adnexa. 1 hour after treatment the adnexa showed a slight erythema.

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal:

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal:

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Irritation, limited to erythema of the adnexa, resolved after one hour. No adnexal or corneal staining was observed. Immediate washing was beneficial.

A very minor eye irritant.

 

The compound was a slight eye irritant when tested in six rabbit eyes (three washed and three unwashed). Irritation, limited to erythema of the adnexa, resolved after one hour. No adnexal or corneal staining was observed. Immediate washing was beneficial. 

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Based upon the findings of this study, test item is slightly irritating to the eyes of rabbits. However, the criteria for classification and labelling according to EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 are not met.

Executive summary:

The eye irritation test was performed onto both eyes of 3 rabbits; in one eye of each rabbit, the material was immediately rinsed with water, while in the other eye, the material remained without washing. Immediately after instillation, slight erythema was observed that was limited to the adnexa, and washing was palliative. No adnexal or corneal staining was observed.

Based on the results observed in the present study, the criteria for classification and labelling according to EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 are not met.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

skin irritation

A skin irritation test in guinea pigs was performed. The compound was a moderate skin irritant when applied to the depilated guinea pig abdomen under an occlusive wrap for 24 hours. It produce moderate erythema, edema and some necrosis. Thin eschars at one week, light scarring desquamation and alopecia at 2 weeks.

 

Eye irritation

Eye irritation was tested in three rabbits. The eye irritation test was performed onto both eyes of 3 rabbits; in one eye of each rabbit, the material was immediately rinsed with water, while in the other eye, the material remained without washing. Immediately after instillation, slight erythema was observed that was limited to the adnexa, and washing was palliative. No adnexal or corneal staining was observed.

Justification for classification or non-classification

According to the criteria of Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), p-diisopropylbenzene is classified as Skin irritant Cat 2 (H315: Causes skin irritation.).

However, p-diisopropylbenzene does not satisfy the criteria for classification as an ocular irritant according to EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 or UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS).