2-amino-3,5-xylenesulphonic acid

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 and the QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Estimated data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction was done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid
- Molecular formula: C8H11NO3S
- Molecular weight: 201.245 g/mol
- Smiles notation: O=S(=O)(O)c1c(N)c(cc(C)c1)C
- InChl: 1S/C8H11NO3S/c1-5-3-6(2)8(9)7(4-5)13(10,11)12/h3-4H,9H2,1-2H3,(H,10,11,12)
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Details on sampling:

No data available

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on test solutions:

No data available

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Water flea

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

No data available

Post exposure observation period:

No data available

Hardness:

250 +/- 25 mg/l expressed as CaCO3 (calcium carbonate)

Test temperature:

20 +/- 1°C

pH:

7.8 +/- 0.1

Dissolved oxygen:

95.5% saturation

Salinity:

No data available

Conductivity:

No data available

Nominal and measured concentrations:

No data available

Details on test conditions:

No data available

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

30.906 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Intoxication

Remarks on result:

other: Toxic to daphnia

Details on results:

No data available

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No data available

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No data available

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and "h" )  and "i" )  and "j" )  and "k" )  and ("l" and "m" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Acute toxicity) by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Radical AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines AND SN1 AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Substituted Anilines by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aromatic amines OR Sulfonic acids or their salts by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acid moiety OR Anilines (Hindered) by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Radical AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines AND SN1 AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition reaction with cycloisomerization OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition reaction with cycloisomerization >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR No alert found OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide and Aminoalkylamine Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Polynitroarenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Polynitroarenes OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation OR SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione) conjugation OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione) conjugation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Class 5 (Not possible to classify according to these rules) by Acute aquatic toxicity classification by Verhaar (Modified) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Similarity boundary:Target: Cc1cc(C)cc(S(O)(=O)=O)c1N
Threshold=20%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aromatic amines AND Sulfonic acids or their salts by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -1.07

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 0.161

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Based on the intoxication of daphnia magna due to the exposure of chemical 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid EC50 value was estimated to be 30.906mg/l for daphnia magna for 48hrs duration. 

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on daphnia magna was predicted for 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid (88-22-2). EC50 value was estimated to be 30.906mg/l for daphnia magna for 48hrs duration. 

Based on this value it can be concluded that the 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid is considered to toxic to aquatic environment and classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation. 

Description of key information

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on daphnia magna was predicted for 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid (88-22-2). EC50 value was estimated to be 30.906mg/l for daphnia magna for 48hrs duration. 

Based on this value it can be concluded that the 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid is considered to toxic to aquatic environment and classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

30.906 mg/L

Additional information

Based on the various experimental data and predicted data for the target chemical2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid, studyhave been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid on the growth of aquatic invertebrates. The studies are as mentioned below:

In the first weight of evidence study for the target chemical 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid (88 -22 -2) from QSAR,

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on daphnia magna was predicted for 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid (88-22-2). EC50 value was estimated to be 30.906mg/l for daphnia magna for 48hrs duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid is considered to toxic to aquatic environment and classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation. 

Similarly in the second weight of evidence study for the RA chemical 6-Aminotoluene-3-sulfonic acid (98-33-9), from the ABITEC lab report study was carried out. Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of daphnids was carried out with the substance 6-Aminotoluene-3-sulfonic acid according to OECD Guideline 202. The test substance was tested at the concentrations 0, 30, 45, 67, 100, 150 mg/L. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, 6-Aminotoluene-3-sulfonic acid, in Daphnia magna was determined to be 74.9 mg/L for immobilisation effects. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be classified as chronic category 3 as per the CLP criteria.

 

Similarly in the third weight of evidence study for the RA chemical 6-Amino-m-toluenesulfonic acid (88-44-8), j-check 2016, Short term toxicity study of 6-Amino-m-toluenesulfonic acid (2-Amino-5-methyl -benzenesulfonic acid) on the growth of daphnia magna. Static method was used which was performed by using the standard OECD guideline. Control, vehicle control was also used having the 10 mg/l concentration. After the 48hrs of exposure the EC50 was >10 mg/l, but after 48hrs NOEC was 10 mg/l. Thus based on the EC50 value, 6-Amino-m-toluenesulfonic acid (2-Amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid) was consider as toxic and can be consider to be classified in aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus based on the data for target chemical2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid (88-22-2) from various data bases, 2-amino-3,5-dimethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid was consider as toxic and can be classified in aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.