Choline chloride

Toxicity to microorganisms

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms, other

Remarks:

Growth inhibition test according to Brinkmann and Kühn

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study without information about GLP compliance. No detailled documentation available about the test procedure.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

DIN 38412-8 (Pseudomonas Zellvermehrungshemmtest)

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

according to the OECD SIDS report

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material: No surrogate or analogue material was used.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Details on sampling:

No details available.

Details on test solutions:

No details available.

Test organisms (species):

Pseudomonas putida

Details on inoculum:

- Strain: DSM 50026

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

17 h

Post exposure observation period:

No post exposure observation period described.

Hardness:

No details available.

Test temperature:

297 +/- 1 K (22.85 - 24.85 °C)

pH:

- Control: 7.2
- 50 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 5.0 (end)
- 100 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 5.0 (end)
- 150 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 4.0 (end)
- 200 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 4.0 (end)
- 250 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 4.1 (end)
- 300 mg/L: 7.2 (start), 4.0 (end)

Dissolved oxygen:

No details available.

Salinity:

Not applicable.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer with nominal value of 300 mL
- Shaking: yes, at 150 rpm
- Medium: according to the national guideline DIN 38412, part 8
- Stock solution of the test substance: 1250 mg/L
- Growth period: 7 +/- 1 h
- Test preparation: The total volume was 10 mL. 0.5 mL of nutrient broth concentrate I and II were used (each: 20-fold). 1 mL bacteria suspension was adjusted to 10 FTU using NaCl solution
- Replicates: 4 inoculated samples and 1 unioculated sample were measured per concentration
- Wavelength for measurements: 436 nm

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

17 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

112.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Duration:

17 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

132.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Duration:

17 h

Dose descriptor:

other: EC90

Effect conc.:

278.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Details on results:

No further details available.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

A standard deviation was calculated from the individual values.

Table 1. Extinktion Measurement after 17 h at 436 nm

Concentration	Inoculated	Noninoculated	Difference	% of the control
Control		0.405
50 mg/L	0.425	0.000	0.425	104.81
100 mg/L	0.471	0.000	0.471	116.10
150 mg/L	0.062	0.000	0.062	15.24
200 mg/L	0.066	0.000	0.066	16.29
250 mg/L	0.061	0.000	0.061	15.05
300 mg/L	0.025	0.000	0.025	6.11

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

Basic validity criteria were fulfilled. National guideline study.

Conclusions:

Only basic information given. The test substance was found to be non-toxic towards Pseudomonas putida (EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L). The study is classified as reliable with restrictions (Klimisch 2).

Executive summary:

The toxicity of Choline chloride (dissolved in water) towards Pseudomonas putida was investigated according to the German guideline DIN 38412 Part 8 (BASF AG, 2003). The experiment was conducted at 297 +/- 1 K (22.85 - 24.85 °C) for a time duration of 17 h. The test concentrations were 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg/L. The following results were obtained: EC10(17h): 112.90 mg/L, EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L and EC90(17h): 278.20 mg/L, respectively.

Description of key information

Pseudomonas putida_DIN 38412 Part 8: EC10(17h): 112.90 mg/L, EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for microorganisms:

132.8 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:

112.9 mg/L

Additional information

The toxicity of Choline chloride (dissolved in water) towards Pseudomonas putida was investigated according to the German guideline DIN 38412 Part 8 (BASF AG, 2003). The experiment was conducted at 297 +/- 1 K (22.85 - 24.85 °C) for 17 h. The test concentrations were 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg/L. The following results were obtained: EC10(17h): 112.90 mg/L, EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L and EC90(17h): 278.20 mg/L, respectively. Hence, choline chloride is non-toxic to Pseudomonas putida.