Brief Profile

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Please be aware that the REACH registration parts of this Brief Profile are no longer maintained; they remain frozen as of 19th May 2023. All other data parts (substance identity, C&L, key regulatory lists etc. are up to date).

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Brief Profile

The Brief Profile summarizes the non-confidential data on substances as it is held in the databases of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), including data provided by third parties. The Brief Profile is automatically generated; note that it does not currently distinguish between harmonised classification and minimum classification; information requirements under different legislative frameworks may therefore not be fully up to date or complete. For accuracy reasons, substance manufacturers and imports have the responsibility to consult official sources, e.g. the electronic edition of the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Brief Profile is covered by the ECHA Legal Notice.

Substance Description

Substance identity

EC / List no.:
944-188-0
CAS no.:
-
Index number:
Molecular formula:
SMILES:
InChI:
Type of substance:
UVCB
Origin:
Inorganic
Registered compositions:
2
Of which contain:
0 impurities relevant for classification
0 additives relevant for classification
Substance Listed:

Hazard classification & labelling

Danger! According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations this substance may damage the unborn child, is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects and may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.

Breakdown of all 2 C&L notifications submitted to ECHA

Repr. 1A H360D
Aquatic Chronic 2 H411
STOT RE 2 H373
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

https://www.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/cnl/graph/tick.png Harmonised Classification

https://www.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/cnl/graph/Reach.png REACH registration dossiers notifications

https://www.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/cnl/graph/CLP.png CLP notifications

Properties of concern

  • R
There is broad agreement in that a majority of data submitters agree this substance is Toxic to Reproduction (100% of REACH registrations).

Regulatory context

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

Registration
Pre-registration:
Registration:
This substance has 2 active registrations under REACH, 1 Joint Submission(s) and 0 Individual Submission(s).
Please see Registrants/Suppliers details.
Evaluation
Dossier Evaluation:
Substance Evaluation:
Authorisation
Candidate List:
Annex XIV (Authorisation List):
Restriction
Annex XVII (Restriction List):

Persistent Organic Pollutants Regulation (POPs)

List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation:
List of substances proposed as POPs:

Classification Labelling & Packaging (CLP)

Harmonised C&L:
Seveso Annex I:
Notified C&L:
Classification & Labelling has been notified by industry to ECHA for this substance.

Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR)

Active Substance:
Biocidal Products:

Prior Informed Consent (PIC)

Annex I:
Annex V:

European Union Observatory for Nanomaterials (EUON)

EUON:

About this substance

This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and in manufacturing.

This substance is used in the following products: coating products.

Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: industrial spraying and roller or brushing applications.

Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).

This substance can be found in products with material based on: wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).

This substance is used in the following products: coating products.

This substance is used in the following areas: building & construction work.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: industrial spraying, transfer of chemicals at non-dedicated facilities, roller or brushing applications and high energy work-up of substances bound in materials or articles (e.g. hot rolling/forming, grinding, mechanical cutting, drilling or sanding).

Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).

This substance is used in the following products: coating products.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: transfer of chemicals at dedicated facilities, batch processing in synthesis or formulation with opportunity for exposure and transfer of substance into small containers.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used.

ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using this substance.

ECHA has no public registered data on the use of this substance in activities or processes at the workplace.

ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: batch processing in synthesis or formulation with opportunity for exposure, transfer of chemicals at dedicated facilities and transfer of substance into small containers.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

ECHA has no data from registration dossiers on the precautionary measures for using this substance. Guidance on the safe use of the substance provided by manufacturers and importers of this substance.

Registrants/suppliers

  • Minpro Recycling AB, Odalvägen 8 s-71177 Stråssa Sweden
  • Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags AB, Falu Rödfärg SE-79180 Falun Sweden

Substance names and other identifiers

Feldspar minerals, magnetite and quartz, calcination products of copper mining residues.
Registration dossier
Falu Rödfärg svart pigment
Registration dossier

Scientific properties

Physical and chemical properties

This section provides physicochemical information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Appearance/physical state / colour

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 1 study processed
C Physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa
Solid (100%) [1]
C Form
Powder (100%) [1]
C Substance type
Inorganic (100%) [1]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
C Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa
Solid (100%)

Melting/freezing point

Study results
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 2 studies processed
R Melting / freezing point
350 - 1 597 °C @ 101.3 kPa [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence 1
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Melting / freezing point at 101 325 Pa
350 °C

Boiling point

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Density

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 1 study processed
R Relative density
3.258 @ 20 °C [1]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Relative density at 20°C
3.258

Vapour pressure

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Vapour pressure
5 hPa @ 20 °C

Partition coefficient

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Log Kow (Log Pow)
2 @ 20 °C

Water solubility

Study results
  • 6 studies submitted
  • 3 studies processed
R Water solubility (mass/vol.)
1 - 19 200 µg/L @ 20 °C and pH 7.08 - 8 [3]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study 3
Weight of evidence 2
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Water solubility
340 µg/L @ 20 °C

Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Surface tension

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Flash point

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Auto flammability

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Flammability

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Explosiveness

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Oxidising

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Oxidation reduction potential

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

pH

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible 1
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other

No summary exists for this scientific endpoint

Dissociation constant

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Viscosity

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Environmental fate and pathways

This section provides environmental fate and pathways information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Phototransformation in air

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Hydrolysis

Study results
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 2
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Phototransformation in water

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Phototransformation in soil

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in water - screening tests

Study results
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 2
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in water & sediment - simulation tests

Study results
  • 0 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in soil

Study results
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 2
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Study results
  • 49 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 47
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible 1
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 1 summary submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Bioaccumulation Factor (BCF) - L/kg ww
1 553 L/kg ww

Bioaccumulation: terrestrial

Study results
  • 15 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 13 1
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible 1
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Adsorption/desorption

Study results
  • 48 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 2
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 18 2 19
Other 5
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 2
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Henrys law constant (H)

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Distribution modelling

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other

No summary exists for this scientific endpoint

Ecotoxicological information

This section provides ecotoxicological information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC)

R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed

The Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) value is the concentration of a substance below which adverse effects in the environment are not expected to occur. Please note that when more than one summary is provided, PNEC values may refer to constituents of the substance and not to the substance as a whole. More detailed information is available in the dossiers.

Hazard for Aquatic Organisms
Freshwater 3.1 µg/L (2)
Intermittent releases (freshwater) No hazard identified (1)
Marine water 3.5 µg/L (2)
Intermittent releases (marine water) No hazard identified (1)
Sewage treatment plant (STP) 100 µg/L (2)
Sediment (freshwater) 174 mg/kg sediment dw (2)
Sediment (marine water) 164 mg/kg sediment dw (2)
Hazard for Air
Air No hazard identified (3)
Hazard for Terrestrial Organism
Soil 212 mg/kg soil dw (2)
Hazard for Predators
Secondary poisoning 10.9 mg/kg food (2)

Short–term toxicity to fish

Study results
  • 59 studies submitted
  • 36 studies processed
P/RResults
LC50 (4 days) 40.8 - 3 597.9 µg/L [37]
LC50 (48 h) 114 - 610 µg/L [4]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 3
Supporting study 8
Weight of evidence 35
Other 13
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Long–term toxicity to fish

Study results
  • 45 studies submitted
  • 25 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (3.733 months) 129 µg/L [1]
NOEC (3 months) 48 µg/L [1]
NOEC (84 days) 39.4 - 176.3 µg/L [2]
NOEC (62 days) 87 µg/L [1]
NOEC (60 days) 70 - 136 µg/L [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 25
Supporting study 15
Weight of evidence
Other 4
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Short–term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Study results
  • 101 studies submitted
  • 44 studies processed
P/RResults
LC50 (4 days) 590.94 µg/L [1]
LC50 (48 h) 26 - 3 115.8 µg/L [43]
EC10 (72 h) 111.2 - 252.3 µg/L [4]
EC10 (48 h) 9.2 - 1 409.6 µg/L [7]
NOEC (72 h) 57.1 - 2 173.8 µg/L [6]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 9
Supporting study 29
Weight of evidence 36
Other 27
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Long–term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Study results
  • 71 studies submitted
  • 45 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (4.2 months) 143.3 - 757.2 µg/L [2]
NOEC (4 months) 12 µg/L [1]
NOEC (34 days) 109 µg/L [1]
NOEC (30 days) 31 µg/L [1]
NOEC (25 days) 20 - 153.8 µg/L [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 42
Supporting study 16
Weight of evidence 4
Other 8
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Study results
  • 36 studies submitted
  • 13 studies processed
P/RResults
EC50 (72 h) 20.5 - 364 µg/L [15]
EC50 (48 h) 21.7 - 1 690 µg/L [10]
NOEC (4 days) 22.7 - 192.3 µg/L [2]
NOEC (48 h) 17.7 - 210 µg/L [3]
LOEC (4 days) 44.3 - 298.1 µg/L [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 11
Supporting study 18
Weight of evidence 2
Other 4
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 2 summaries processed
EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae
6.2 µg/L
EC10 or NOEC for marine water algae
11.9 µg/L

Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae

Study results
  • 6 studies submitted
  • 2 studies processed
P/RResults
IC10 (7 days) 29.5 - 1 025 µg/L [12]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 2
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence
Other 3
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 2 summaries processed
EC10 or NOEC for freshwater plants
1.025 mg/L
EC10 or NOEC for marine water plants
11.9 µg/L

Toxicity to microorganisms

Study results
  • 31 studies submitted
  • 4 studies processed
P/RResults
EC50 (3 h) 10 g/L [1]
IC50 (9 h) 180 mg/L [1]
EC10 (24 h) 7 mg/L [1]
IC10 (24 h) 1 - 2.79 mg/L [3]
IC10 (60 min) 2.92 - 9.59 mg/L [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 3
Supporting study 15 1
Weight of evidence 9
Other 3
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 4 summaries submitted
  • 4 summaries processed
EC50 for microorganisms
1 - 10 000 mg/L
EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms
1 mg/L

Sediment toxicity

Study results
  • 13 studies submitted
  • 9 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (35 days) 1 699 mg/kg sediment dw [2]
NOEC (28 days) 503 - 4 719 mg/kg sediment dw [12]
NOEC (21 days) 1 126 - 2 903 mg/kg sediment dw [3]
NOEC (20 days) 3 390 - 5 230 mg/kg sediment dw [2]
LOEC (35 days) 2 734 mg/kg sediment dw [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 9
Supporting study 3
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment
492.5 mg/kg sediment dw

Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo

Data not provided by the registrant

Toxicity to terrestrial macroorganisms except arthropods

Study results
  • 29 studies submitted
  • 17 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (3.733 months) 130 - 564 mg/kg soil dw [4]
NOEC (56 days) 468 - 2 202 mg/kg soil dw [6]
NOEC (28 days) 400 - 6 078 mg/kg soil dw [14]
NOEC (21 days) 608 mg/kg soil dw [2]
EC10 (84 days) 2.03 g/kg soil dw [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 4 6
Supporting study 2 9
Weight of evidence 7
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC
608 mg/kg soil dw

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Study results
  • 14 studies submitted
  • 13 studies processed
P/RResults
EC10 (35 days) 360 - 1 200 mg/kg soil dw [2]
EC10 (28 days) 193 - 4 718 mg/kg soil dw [28]
LC50 (35 days) 980 - 2 200 mg/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (42 days) 400 - 3 000 mg/kg soil dw [4]
NOEC (36 days) 750 mg/kg soil dw [1]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 3 5
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 5
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC
170 mg/kg soil dw

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Study results
  • 38 studies submitted
  • 27 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (4.433 months) 150 mg/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (42 days) 150 - 287 mg/kg soil dw [4]
NOEC (40 days) 190 - 1 697.5 mg/kg soil dw [10]
NOEC (30 days) 527 - 722 mg/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (21 days) 374 - 7 190 mg/kg soil dw [8]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 4 11
Supporting study 8
Weight of evidence 12
Other 2
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC
1.95 g/kg soil dw

Toxicity to soil microorganisms

Study results
  • 48 studies submitted
  • 22 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (1.726 years) 8.042 g/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (1.534 years) 8.13 g/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (10.033 months) 163 mg/kg soil dw [2]
NOEC (28 days) 100 - 810 mg/kg soil dw [4]
NOEC (21 days) 500 - 3 800 mg/kg soil dw [4]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 2 10
Supporting study 1 23
Weight of evidence 10
Other 1
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to birds

Study results
  • 15 studies submitted
  • 14 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (7 months) 50 mg/kg diet [3]
NOEC (84 days) 25 - 2 000 mg/kg diet [7]
NOEC (75 days) 100 mg/kg diet [4]
NOEC (70 days) 200 mg/kg diet [1]
NOEC (60 days) 264 mg/kg diet [2]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 2 12
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC
100 mg/kg food

Toxicity to mammals

Study results
  • 13 studies submitted
  • 13 studies processed
P/RResults
NOEC (1.227 years) 550 mg/kg diet [2]
NOEC (1.159 years) 64 mg/kg diet [1]
NOEC (11.1 months) 512 mg/kg diet [1]
NOEC (6.3 months) 1 000 mg/kg diet [3]
NOEC (84 days) 1 000 mg/kg diet [3]

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 1 12
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
R Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC
150 mg/kg food

Toxicological information

This section provides toxicological information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Derived No- or Minimal Effect Level (DN(M)EL)

M/C Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed

The derived no- or minimum effect level (DN(M)EL) is the level of exposure above which a human should not be exposed to a substance. Please note that when more than one summary is provided, DN(M)EL values may refer to constituents of the substance and not to the substance as a whole. More detailed information is available in the dossiers.

Data for WORKERS
INHALATION Exposure Threshold Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 10 mg/m³ -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 50 µg/m³ -
Local Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 10 mg/m³ -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/m³ -
DERMAL Exposure Threshold Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
Local Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/cm² -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/cm² -
EYE Exposure
Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Data for the GENERAL POPULATION
INHALATION Exposure Threshold Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/m³ -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/m³ -
Local Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/m³ -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/m³ -
DERMAL Exposure Threshold Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
Local Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/cm² -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/cm² -
ORAL Exposure Threshold Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
Acute /short term: (DNEL) 100 µg/kg bw/day -
EYE Exposure
Low hazard (no threshold derived)

Toxicokinetics, metabolism, and distribution

Study results
Study data: basic toxicokinetics
  • 11 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Study data: basic toxicokinetics
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study 4
Weight of evidence 2 1
Other 2 1
Data waiving
no waivers
Study data: dermal absorption
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: dermal absorption
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 1
Other 1
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
M/C Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed
Bioaccumulation potential:
No bioaccumulation potential

Acute toxicity

Study results
oral
  • 14 studies submitted
  • 10 studies processed
P/RResults
LD50 2 000 - 10 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [10]
M/CInterpretations of results
Practically nontoxic [9]

Type of Study provided
oral
Studies with data
Key study 10
Supporting study 3
Weight of evidence
Other 1
Data waiving
no waivers
inhalation
  • 5 studies submitted
  • 2 studies processed
P/RResults
LC50 (4 h) 5.05 mg/L air (rat) [1]
Discriminating conc. (4 h) 5.05 mg/L air (rat) [1]
M/CInterpretations of results
Practically nontoxic [1]

inhalation
Studies with data
Key study 1 1
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence
Other 2
Data waiving
no waivers
dermal
  • 7 studies submitted
  • 6 studies processed
P/RResults
LD50 2 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [6]
M/CInterpretations of results
Practically nontoxic [6]

dermal
Studies with data
Key study 6
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
other routes
  • 9 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

other routes
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study 2
Weight of evidence
Other 7
Data waiving
no waivers
M/C Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed
Oral route:
No adverse effect observed LD50 2 000 mg/kg bw
Inhalation route:
Adverse effect observed Discriminating conc. 640 mg/m³
Dermal route:
No adverse effect observed LD50 2 000 mg/kg bw

Irritation / corrosion

Study results
Study data: skin
  • 7 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Study data: skin
Studies with data
Key study 4
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence 2
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
Study data: eye
  • 8 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: eye
Studies with data
Key study 6
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence 1
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
M/C Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed
Skin
No adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye
No adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory
No adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Sensitisation

Study results
Study data: skin
  • 8 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Study data: skin
Studies with data
Key study 4
Supporting study 2
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 2
Study data: respiratory
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: respiratory
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
M/C Summaries
  • 3 summaries submitted
  • 3 summaries processed
Skin sensitisation
No adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
Respiratory sensitisation
No adverse effect observed (not sensitising)

Repeated dose toxicity

Study results
Study data: oral
  • 3 studies submitted
  • 2 studies processed
P/RResults
LOAEL (rat): 200 ppm [1]
NOEL (rat): 0.002 mg/kg bw/day [1]
LOEL (rat): 0.005 mg/kg bw/day [1]

Type of Study provided
Study data: oral
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence 2
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
Study data: inhalation
  • 6 studies submitted
  • 2 studies processed
P/RResults
NOAEL (rat): 4.7 - 10.1 mg/m³ air [2]

Study data: inhalation
Studies with data
Key study 2
Supporting study 1 2
Weight of evidence 1
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
Study data: dermal
  • 2 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Study data: dermal
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 1
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
M/C Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Inhalation route - local effects:
No adverse effect observed NOAEC 4.7 mg/m³ (subchronic, rat)

Genetic toxicity

Study results
Study data: in vitro
  • 30 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Study data: in vitro
Studies with data
Key study 3
Supporting study 18 1
Weight of evidence 5
Other 3
Data waiving
no waivers
Study data: in vivo
  • 18 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: in vivo
Studies with data
Key study 5
Supporting study 12
Weight of evidence
Other 1
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Carcinogenicity

Study results
  • 20 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study 13
Supporting study 6
Weight of evidence
Other 1
Data waiving
no waivers
M/C Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 1 summary processed
Oral route:
Adverse effect observed NOAEL 7.8 mg/kg bw/day (chronic, rat)

Toxicity to reproduction

Study results
Study data: reproduction
  • 4 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Study data: reproduction
Studies with data
Key study 1
Supporting study
Weight of evidence 2
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Study data: developmental
  • 4 studies submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: developmental
Studies with data
Key study 2
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified 1
Exposure cons.
Other 1
Study data: other studies
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: other studies
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study 1
Weight of evidence
Other
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 2 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Neurotoxicity

Study results
  • 1 study submitted
  • 0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided
Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other 1
Data waiving
no waivers
Summaries
  • 0 summaries submitted
  • 0 summaries processed

No data available

Immunotoxicity

Data not provided by the registrant

Endocrine disrupter mammalian screening - in vivo

Data not provided by the registrant