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This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 to < 1 000 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, polymers and inks and toners.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Article service life

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).
This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles.
This substance can be found in products with material based on: wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper).

Widespread uses by professional workers

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, inks and toners, polymers and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
This substance is used in the following areas: building & construction work and printing and recorded media reproduction.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles and fabricated metal products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Formulation or re-packing

This substance is used in the following products: inks and toners, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites

This substance is used in the following products: polymers, coating products, inks and toners, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
This substance is used in the following areas: printing and recorded media reproduction and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, machinery and vehicles, fabricated metal products and electrical, electronic and optical equipment.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Manufacture

ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.