4-hydroxybutyl acrylate

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

15 Jan 1990 to 18 Jan 1990

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

no analytical monitoring

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Version / remarks:

June 1984

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Butanediolmonoacrylate
- Appearance: clolourless, light yellowish
- Water solubility: miscible in any ratio
- Stability: polymerisation >25 °C
- Storage: 6 months

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Preparation of stock solution: The stock solution (concentration of 84.0 mg/L) was prepared in a volumetric flask with bidest. water. Solvents were not used.

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green algae
- Strain: Algae collection Goettingen Continuous Culture
- Source: Oekolimna
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days
- pH of culture medium: 8.2 ± 0.3
- Culturing volume: 100 mL
- Temperature: 20 °C
- Stock culture was renewed once a week. Alge were purchased in agar tubes from the university of Göttingen.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test temperature:

20 ± 1.0 °C

pH:

8.1 - 8.9

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Nominal test concentrations: 0 (control), 4.0, 6.4, 10.2, 16.4, 26.2, and 42.0 mg/L
- Measured test concentrations: not determined.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass reaction tube
- Fill volume: 10 mL test media
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, according to DIN 38412, part 9

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: 24 h light per day
- Light intensity and quality: 10000 lux, 0.72 E+20 photons/m² x s

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
Algal cell concentrations were determined after 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours, by measuring fluoerescence (with a Flourimeter).

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.6

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

13.61 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

4.16 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC90

Effect conc.:

44.61 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Details on results:

The inhibition of growth rate increased in a dose-dependent manner from 9.25% at the lowest test concentration (4.0 mg/L) up to 98.64% inhibition at 42 mg/L. Inhibition of biomass was 33.9% at 4.0 mg/L and increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 100% inhibition at 42 mg/L. For an overview of the results, see 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Effect concentrations were estimated graphically and calculated by Probit analysis.

Table: inhibition of algal growth

Test concentration	Biomass	Growth rate	Inhibition in %, biomass	Inhibition in %, growth rate
mg/L	B	µ	HB	Hµ
0 (control)	1.37	1.09
4.0	0.91	0.99	33.94	9.25
6.4	0.59	0.88	56.84	19.27
10.2	0.26	0.65	80.75	40.34
16.4	0.12	0.45	91.06	58.76
26.2	0.04	0.27	97.08	74.92
42.0	-0.01	0.01	100	98.64

ADDITIONAL EFFECT VALUES

EbC10 (72 h) = 2.17 mg/L 

EbC50 (72 h) = 5.49 mg/L 

EbC90 (72 h) = 13.96 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Description of key information

ErC50 = 13.6 mg/L (Desmodesmus subspicatus)

ErC10 = 4.16 mg/L (Desmodesmus subspicatus)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

13.6 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

4.16 mg/L

Additional information

The toxicity towards freshwater algae was determined in a study according to OECD TG 201 (Oekolimna, 1990). In this study, exponentially growing freshwater alga (Desmodesmus subspicatus) were exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 0 (control), 4.0, 6.4, 10.2, 16.4, 26.2, and 42.0 mg/L for 72 hours under static conditions. Test concentrations were not analytically verified. At the start of the test and after 24, 48 and 72 hours exposure duration, algal cell concentrations were determined by measuring fluorescence. The inhibition of growth rate increased in a dose-dependent manner from 9.25% at the lowest test concentration (4.0 mg/L) up to 98.64% inhibition at 42 mg/L. Inhibition of biomass was 33.9% at 4.0 mg/L and increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 100% inhibition at 42 mg/L. Based on these findings, the 72-h EC50 values for growth rate and biomass are determined at 13.61 mg/L and 5.49 mg/L, respectively. The 72-h EC10 values for growth rate and biomass are 4.16 mg/L and 2.17 mg/L, respectively.