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Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.17 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
75
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
88 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The following correction was made to the NOAEL (oral): Correction respiratory volume rat (8 hour) 1/0.38 m³/kg bw/day. Correction for respiratory volume (worker): 6.7 m³/10 m³. Therefore, the corrected NOAEC for repeated-dose systemic effects via the inhalation route is: 50*(1/0.38) *(6.7 m³/10 m³) = 88 mg/m³.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default (starting point NOAEC)
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default: subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default: oral rat to inhaled human
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default (worker)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default: guideline study
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.17 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
300
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

No modification required, oral to dermal.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default (starting point is a NOAEL)
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default: subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default: oral rat to dermal human
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default (worker)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default: guideline study
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.29 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
150
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
43.5 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The following correction was made to the NOAEL (oral): Correction respiratory volume rat (24 hour) 1/1.15 m³/kg bw. Therefore, the corrected NOAEC for repeated dose systemic effects via the inhalation route is: 50*(1/1.15) = 43.5 mg/m³.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default (starting point is a NOAEL)
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default: subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default: oral rat to inhaled human
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default: general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default: guideline study
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.083 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

No modification required, oral to dermal.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default (starting point is a NOAEL)
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default: subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default: oral rat to dermal human
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default: general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default: guideline study
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.083 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

No modification required, oral to oral.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default (starting point is a NOAEL)
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default: subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default: oral rat to oral human
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default: general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default: guideline study
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - General Population