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EC number: 231-743-0 | CAS number: 7718-54-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
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- Flash point
- Auto flammability
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- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
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- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
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- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
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- Additional toxicological data

Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- behavioural effects
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific methods
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Dietary administration of nickel: Effects on behavior and metallothionein levels.
- Author:
- Nation, J.R., Hare, M. F., Baker, D. M., Clark, D. E. and Bourgeois, A. E.
- Year:
- 1 985
- Bibliographic source:
- Physiol. Behav. 34(3):349-353.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No standard guideline followed. Methods described in the following sections.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- in vivo
- Endpoint addressed:
- not applicable
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nickel dichloride
- EC Number:
- 231-743-0
- EC Name:
- Nickel dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 7718-54-9
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2Ni
- IUPAC Name:
- nickel(2+) dichloride
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): NiCl2
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): not different than submission substance
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): not different than submission substance
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): not different than submission substance
- InChl (if other than submission substance): not different than submission substance
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): not different than submission substance
- Other details on test material not reported or not applicable
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Holtzman Co., Masison WI.
- Age at study initiation: 80 days old
- Weight at study initiation: weighing 180-200 g
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: no data
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): 10 g food deprivation diet throughout the experiment
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Drinking water was provided ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS: not reported
IN-LIFE DATES: not reported
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: NiCl3 added to feed, other details not reported
DIET PREPARATION
- Rate of preparation of diet (frequency): not reported
- Mixing appropriate amounts with (Type of food): Ni contaminated feed mixed with pellets of Purina laboratory chow in 10 kg batches
- Storage temperature of food: 0 deg C
VEHICLE: distilled water - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- no
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not reported
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 14 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- Daily
- Post exposure period:
- 61 days for behavioral testing
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 10, or 20 mg Ni/kg body weight (as NiCl2)
Basis:
nominal in diet
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 6 per dose
- Control animals:
- yes, plain diet
- Details on study design:
- Clinical observations conducted throughout the experiment. Body weights were measured on a daily basis. Animals were trained over a period of
61 days to lever press for food on a VI-2 operant training schedule while continuing to experience the indicated daily doses.
Examinations
- Examinations:
- Nickel in tissues measured. Concentrations of hepatic and renal metallothionein were measured.
- Positive control:
- none reported
Results and discussion
- Details on results:
- Those rats treated with 20 mg/kg Ni lever pressed at a significantly lower rate than controls. Behavior of the animals from the 10 mg/kg group was
not significantly different than control subjects. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis revealed a dose/response accumulation of Ni in the kidney, but analyses of blood, bone, brain, hair, small intestine, liver, and testes did not show differential agent accumulations. Neither hepatic nor
renal metallothionein levels were increased above control levels.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- There were no group differences in body weight, and overt signs of toxicity were not observed. The NOAEL was 10 mg Ni/kg bw/day and the LOAEL 20 mg/kg bw/day for reduced rate of lever pressing.
- Executive summary:
ROBUST SUMMARY DEVELOPED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
Robust Summary for Nation et al. 1985:
Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either 0, 10, or 20 mg Ni/kg body weight (as NiCl2) via a 10 g daily food ration. Following 14 days ofexposure, animals were trained over a period of 61 days to lever press for food on a VI-2 operant training schedule while continuing to
experience the indicated daily doses. Those rats treated with 20 mg/kg Ni lever pressed at a significantly lower rate than controls. Behavior of
the animals from the 10 mg/kg group was not significantly different than control subjects. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis revealed
a dose/response accumulation of Ni in the kidney, but analyses of blood, bone, brain, hair, small intestine, liver, and testes did not show
differential agent accumulations. Neither hepatic nor renal metallothionein levels were increased above control levels.
STUDY RATED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
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