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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Description of key information

The determination of the 48h-EC50 (Daphnia magna) of (-)-beta-pinene is based on two experimental studies and one QSAR.
Measured and estimated data ranging from 1.250 mg/L to 1.09 mg/L. A key value is calculated as the geometric mean of the three values: 48h-EC50=1.194 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
1.194 mg/L

Additional information

Two experimental studies and one QSAR are available to determine the 48h-EC50 (Daphnia magna) of (-)-beta-pinene.

Broderius, 1990

In an acute aquatic toxicity study performed similarly to OECD guideline 202, groups (15 daphnids per concentrations) of Daphnia magna were exposed to (-)-beta-pinene at concentrations of 0, 390, 780, 1170, 1560 and 1950 µg/L (nominal) for 48 hours under flow-through conditions.

The 48h-EC50 was determined to be at 1.250 mg/L (based on measured concentrations of the test item).

Delpit, 2014

The 48hr acute toxicity of (-)-beta-pinene to Daphnia magna was studied under semi-static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control, and test chemical at nominal test concentrations of 1.0, 1.4, 2.1, 2.9, 4.2 mg/L and at a concentration close to the solubility limit of the test item in the test water for 48 h. The 48h-EC50 was 1.248 mg/L.

Thomas, 2014

A QSAR prediction was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the test item β-pinene to daphnid. This QSAR has been validated to be compliant with the OECD recommendations for QSAR modeling (OECD, 2004) and predicts the endpoint value which would be expected when testing the substance under experimental conditions in a laboratory following Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202, "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test", referenced as Method C.2 of Commission Regulation No. 440/2008. The 48h-EC50 is predicted as 1.09 mg/L.

The 48h-EC50 (Daphnia magna) calculated as the geometric mean of these three results can be used as key value for chemical safety assessment.