N-tert-butylbenzothiazole-2-sulphenamide

Basic toxicokinetics

Administrative data

Endpoint:

basic toxicokinetics, other

Remarks:

assumption of toxicokinetic

Type of information:

other: assumption of toxicokinetic

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

other: assumption of toxicokinetic

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: assumption of toxicokinetic

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

other: OECD SIDS

Title:

SIDS Initial Assessment Report, N-tert-butylbenzothiazole-2-sulphenamide, CAS No 95-31-8

Author:

OECD SIDS

Year:

2003

Bibliographic source:

UNEP Publications

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Assumption of toxicokinetics.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

N-tert-butylbenzothiazole-2-sulphenamide

EC Number:

202-409-1

EC Name:

N-tert-butylbenzothiazole-2-sulphenamide

Cas Number:

95-31-8

Molecular formula:

C11H14N2S2

IUPAC Name:

N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

There are no study data available for the toxicokinetic of the test substance TBBS. However, considering the experiences with TBBS in acute and repeated dose toxicity studies, a characterization of TBBS toxicokinetics can be conducted as discussed in the OECD SIDS 2003:

"The test material is a solid. No details of particle size distribution have been given, but a repeated-dose toxicity study using the inhalation route indicates some systemic toxicity. The vapour pressure value for the test material is low (< 0.21 x 10-5 hPa at 25 °C, OECD SIDS 2003).

The test material is expected to hydrolyse readily at pH values below 9. This suggests that systemic exposure to degradants can be expected, particularly following oral ingestion. The log oil/water partition coefficient value is moderate (log Pow 3.9 at room temperature), which suggests that test material passage across biological membranes is possible.

Absorption

The results of the acute and repeated dose oral toxicity studies in the rat suggest that the test material is absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. Systemic effects are observed, particularly with cumulative exposure. Because of the rapid hydrolysis of the test material, it is likely that toxicity is a result of exposure to degradants. The test material has low water solubility (0.345 mg/l at 20°C, OECD SIDS 2003) which may restrict absorption of the parent molecule but hydrolysis may enhance water solubility. The moderate log oil/water partition coefficient of the parent molecule will allow passage across the biological membranes of the gastro-intestinal tract. The results of the acute dermal toxicity studies in the rabbit show that the test material is not more toxic by this route. The results of human patch tests and a sensitisation study in the guinea pig show that the test material (or a product of hydrolysis, mercaptobenzothiazole) is absorbed through the skin. The results of a repeat dose study in the rat by inhalation exposure shows that the test material (or a hydrolysis product) can be absorbed by inhalation.

Distribution

The results of the repeat dose oral and inhalation studies in the rat suggest some systemic distribution. Following oral ingestion it is likely that the test material (or hydrolysis products) is distributed via the porta circulation system. The positive sensitisation response suggests that the hydrolysis products may bind to circulatory proteins. The moderate log oil/water partition coefficient value suggests that the test material could potentially accumulate in body fat. Because the test material hydrolyses, it is likely to result in products with a lower partition coefficient value.

Metabolism

The widespread distribution throughout tissues such as the gastro-intestinal tract, and the tendency of the test material to undergo hydrolysis suggest that initial metabolism of the material will be widespread and non-specific. The results of the repeat dose oral and inhalation studies in the rat do show microscopic changes in the liver. This may be indicative of further metabolism of hydrolysis products. The results of in vitro mammalian cell genotoxicity studies show that a positive genotoxic effect is seen, but only in the presence of S9 metabolising system. This indicates that metabolism of the parent test material or a hydrolysis product is required to produce a positive response. The results of separate reproduction/developmental toxicity studies in the rat with the test material and an analogue (either N-cyclohexylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide or N, N-dicyclohexylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide) show differences in developmental toxicity. If, as expected, the analogues undergo hydrolysis/metabolism as does the test material, it may be suggested that the profile of the metabolites may be significant in the toxicity of the product.

Excretion

The results of some of the repeated dose oral toxicity studies show changes in the kidneys of rats. This suggests that urinary excretion is a significant route for removal of test material" (OECD SIDS 2003).

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

Assumption of toxicokinetic