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EC number: 205-572-7 | CAS number: 142-92-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 48 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 1 206 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is corrected for exposure conditions (*6/8) and respiratory rate (*6.7/10)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- no adjustment for allometry needed
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (workers)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 48 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- no adjustment for allometry needed
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 14 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 368 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*0.38; *6h/8h) to a dermal NOAEL of 1368 mg/kg bw/d assuming dermal absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (workers)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
A long-term systemic inhalation DNEL is derived from the NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 in the 90 -day rat study. The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is corrected for exposure conditions (*6/8) and respiratory rate (*6.7/10). Application of assessment factors of 2 (extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (interspecies differences) and 5 (intraspecies differences) results in a DNEL value of 48 mg/m3.
A short-term systemic inhalation DNEL is not derived in the absence of any indication of an acute hazard.
Long term local respiratory tract irritation was also apparent at the two higher dose levels in the 90 -day inhalation study but no local effects were identified in the 500 ppm (NOAEC) group. A long term DNEL was claculated for local effects after repeatedexposure but no local effects were identified following acute or short term inhalation exposure and short term local inhalation
A long term systemic dermal inhalation DNEL is derived from the NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 in the 90 -day rat study. The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*0.38; *6h/8h) to a dermal NOAEL of 1368 mg/kg bw/d assuming dermal absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%. Applying assessment factors of 2 (extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure, 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (other interspecies differences) and 5 (intraspecies differences) results in a DNEL of 14 mg/kg bw/d.
A short-term systemic dermal DNEL is not derived in the absence of any indication of an acute hazard.
Local dermal DNELs are not derived in the absence of any identified hazard.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 600 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is corrected for exposure conditions (*6/24)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- not applicable (already accounted for)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value (general population)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- no adjustment needed for allometry differences
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 6.9 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 380 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*1.15; *6h/24h) to a dermal NOAEL of 1380 mg/kg bw/d assuming dermal absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from sub-chronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value (general population)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 6.9 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 380 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*1.15; *6h/24h) to an oral NOAEL of 1380 mg/kg bw/d assuming oral absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from sub-chronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default (rat study)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value (general population)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
A long-term systemic inhalation DNEL is derived from the NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 in the 90 -day rat study. The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is corrected for exposure conditions (*6/24). Application of assessment factors of 2 (extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences) results in a DNEL value of 12 mg/m3.
A short-term systemic inhalation DNEL is not derived in the absence of any indication of an acute hazard.
Long term local respiratory tract irritation was also apparent at the two higher dose levels in the 90 -day inhalation study but no local effects were identified in the 500 ppm (NOAEC) group. A long term DNEL was calculated for local effects after repeated exposure but no local effects were identified following acute or short term inhalation exposure and short term local inhalation
A long term systemic dermal inhalation DNEL is derived from the NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 in the 90 -day rat study. The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*1.15; *6h/24h) to a dermal NOAEL of 1380 mg/kg bw/d assuming dermal absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%. Applying assessment factors of 2 (extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure, 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (other interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences) results in a DNEL of 6.9 mg/kg bw/d.
A long term systemic oral inhalation DNEL is derived from the NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 in the 90 -day rat study. The inhalation NOAEC of 2400 mg/m3 is converted (*1.15; *6h/24h) to an oral NOAEL of 1380 mg/kg bw/d assuming oral absorption of 50% and inhalation absorption of 100%. Applying assessment factors of 2 (extrapolation from subchronic to chronic exposure, 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (other interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences) results in a DNEL of 6.9 mg/kg bw/d.
A short-term systemic dermal DNEL is not derived in the absence of any indication of an acute hazard.
Local dermal DNELs are not derived in the absence of any identified hazard.
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