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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

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Administrative data

Link to relevant study record(s)

Description of key information

ACUTE TOXICITY
In a reliable 14-day acute toxicity study (reliability category 1) with C12-14 DMA on Eisenia fetida, no signs of toxicity were observed at the nominal limit concentration of 4.54 mmol/kg soil dry weight (NOEC).
CHRONIC TOXICITY
In a reliable study (reliability category 1) assessing effects of the supporting substance HYEQS on mortality, biomass and the reproductive potential of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida, a NOEC (reproduction, 56 d) of 0.408 mmol/kg soil dry weight was determined. No other adverse effects were observed.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil macroorganisms:
841.2 mg/kg soil dw
Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil macroorganisms:
75.7 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

ACUTE TOXICITY
C12-14 DMA was tested for acute toxicity on Eisenia fetida in a reliable acute toxicity study (reliability category 1) according to OECD 207 performed compliant to GLP. The study was conducted with a limit test item concentration of 4.54 mmol/kg soil dry weight throughout 14 days. 40 test organisms with an individual weight between 0.3 - 0.6 g, divided into four replicates, were tested in regard to mortality, pathological symptoms, biomass and changes in the earthworm behaviour. No effects in regard to any of the investigated endpoints could be observed.


Consequently, DMA category members may be regarded as acutely non-toxic to terrestrial macroorganisms:
NOEC (14 d; E. fetida; mort., behaviour, weight): 4.54 mmol/kg soil dry weight
However, molar concentrations cannot be used for environmental hazard and risk assessment. Therefore, in a conservative way the molecular weight of C10-DMA is used to transform the molar into mass-based concentration:
Key value for acute toxicity of DMA category members towards terrestrial macro-organism: NOEC (14 d; E. fetida; mort., behaviour, weight) = 841.2 mg/kg soil dry weight.


CHRONIC TOXICITY
Chronic toxicity of the supporting substance HYEQS to the earthworm species Eisenia fetida was assessed in a reliable (category 1) Earthworm Reproduction test performed according to OECD 222 (2004) and compliant to GLP over a period of 8 weeks.


HYEQS is of high similarity to C12-14 DMA in that it has essentially the same alkyl chain distribution and – like DMA category members - two methyl substituents at the amino group. The only difference is an additional hydroxyethyl substituent at the amino group rendering it a quaternary amine being permanently positively charged. This is however a minor difference as due to protonation at environmentally relevant pH values also DMA category members are predominantly positively charged at the amino group.


HYEQS was tested at five different application rates between 62.5 and 1000 mg/kg soil dry weight. Sexually mature earthworms were inserted into 6 control replicates and into 4 replicates per test item concentration (10 earthworms per replicate). The earthworms had an individual body weight ranging between 0.30 and 0.60 g at test initiation. HYEQS did not induce mortality or pathological symptoms to adult earthworms, and the biomass increase of the adult earthworms was not statistically significantly reduced compared to the control after 28 days exposure. After eight weeks of exposure, the earthworm reproduction was statistically significantly reduced at 0.408 mmol/kg soil dry weight and higher compared to the control. All validity criteria of the OECD-guideline were met. Therefore, the following no-effect concentration for terrestrial macro-organisms is regarded as relevant for DMA category members: NOEC (56d; E. fetida; reproduction) = 0.408 mmol/kg soil dry weight.
However, molar concentrations cannot be used for environmental hazard and risk assessment. Therefore, in a conservative way the molecular weight of C10-DMA is used to transform the molar into mass-based concentration:
Key value for terrestrial macro-organism toxicity of DMA category members: NOEC (56d; E. fetida; reproduction) = 75.7 mg/kg soil dry weight.