Alkenes, C13-14, hydroformylation products, low boiling

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Description of key information

To determine the biodegradation characteristics of Hydrocarbons C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclo cyclics, aromatics (2-25%), dodecan-1-ol, and tetradecan-1-ol the following key studies have been conducted:
-	OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test) with Shellsol H (ExxonMobil 1995);
-	OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test) with dodecan-1-ol (Werner 1993).
-	ISO 10708 (equivalent to OECD Guideline 301 D Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test) with tetradecan-1-ol (Richterich 1992);

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

readily biodegradable

Additional information

Alchisor TAL 145 can be characterised according to three constituents: Hydrocarbons C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%), dodecan-1-ol, and tetradecan-1-ol. As defined in the Read-Across Justification Document in section 13, data provided for these constituents when considered together is representative of Alchisor TAL 145 and suitable for assessment purposes. Study data for each constituent has been evaluated and considered together. In a protective approach the most sensitive study consensus from across the three constituents has been identified and used to address the endpoint in question.

 

 

Hydrocarbons C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%)

 

Shellsol H (identified as a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons) was assessed for ready biodegradability in a reliable (Klimisch 1), GLP compliant OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test) study. In this test Shellsol H biodegraded to an extent of 74.7% after 28 days with an unacclimated sewage sludge inoculum. The test substance was determined to be readily biodegradable.

 

Dodecan-1-ol

A variety of different studies have been conducted with the C12 alcohol, dodecan-1-ol. A reliable (Klimisch 2), GLP compliant test was conducted according to OECD 301D (Werner 1993) with dodecan-1-ol. 79% degradation of the test item was reported within 28 days. The test substance was determined to be readily biodegradable. Dodecan-1-ol was reported as readily biodegradable in a number of other tests. The Vista Chemical Company 1994 reported on a test performed in accordance with EPA OPPTS 835.3100. This EPA guideline corresponds to OECD 301B except for a deviation in which dichloromethane (30ml) is utilized to increase the bioavailability of the alcohol. In this test dodecan-1-ol was found to be inherently biodegradable. Morris 1991, Henkel 1992 and P&G 2009 all found the test item to be readily biodegradable. The evidence presented here indicates that dodecan-1-ol can be regarded as being readily biodegradable.

 

Tetradecan-1-ol

A variety of different studies have been conducted with the C14 alcohol, tetradecan-1-ol. Richterich 1992 assessed the biodegradation potential of Lorol C14 -98 (1 -tetradecanol) in a ISO 10708 test (equivalent to OECD 301D). 84% degradation of the test substance was reported within 14 days. The test substance was determined to be readily biodegradable. Tetradecan-1-ol was reported as readily biodegradable in other tests. The Vista Chemical Company 1994 reported on a test performed in accordance with EPA OPPTS 835.3100. This EPA guideline corresponds to OECD 301B except for a deviation in which dichloromethane (30ml) is utilized to increase the bioavailability of the alcohol. In this test tetradecan-1-ol was found to be inherently biodegradable. P&G 2009 also found the test item to be readily biodegradable. The evidence presented here indicates that tetradecan-1-ol can be regarded as being readily biodegradable.

 

In accordance with a highly protective approach the most sensitive study consensus from all the constituents can be applied to the full Alchisor TAL 145 endpoint. As detailed above the selected representative constituents of Alchisor TAL 145 are reported to be readily biodegradable.

 

To provide a further weight of evidence a biodegradation study with an analogous substance, Alchisor TAL123 was included as part of this data submission. Alchisor TAL 123 was assessed for ready biodegradability in a reliable (Klimisch 1), GLP compliant OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test) study. In this test Alchisor TAL 123 biodegraded to an extent of 78.38% after 28 days with an unacclimated sewage sludge inoculum. The test substance did not achieve 60% degradation with a 10-day window for ready biodegradability; Alchisor TAL 123 degraded 55.74% within the 10-day window. As Alchisor TAL 123 is a mixture, the 10-day window test is not applicable as the only determination of ready biodegradability as different components of the mixture can degrade preferentially (reference TG 103C). Consequently according to this study Alchisor TAL 123 can be considered readily biodegradable. This is further evidence in support of the conclusion that Alchisor TAL 145 is readily biodegradable.