Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.17 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
8.38 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
4.21 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEC (rat, 90d) = 8.38 mg/m3 for systemic effects. Step 2) Modification of starting point: * Correction of respiratory volume for relevant duration: For 8h of exposure, the respiratory volume of humans is 6.7 m3/ person, and the respiratory volume light activity for worker (8h exposure) is 10 m3/person. The correction factor is 6.7/10. * Correction or exposure duration in study (6h/d, 5d/wk) to default worker exposure (8h/d, 5d/wk): The correction factor is 6/8. * Correction for absorption difference between rat and human: No difference in inhalation absorption is expected between rats and humans. NOAEC corrected = 8.38 x 6/8 x 6.7/10 = 4.21 mg/m3
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEC.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
A factor of 5 is applied for worker DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.02 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
12.5
Dose descriptor:
NOAEC
Value:
0.507 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEC.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
Not applicable for local effects.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
A factor of 5 is applied for worker DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.024 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
8.38 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
2.41 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEC, rat = 8.38 mg/m3 for systemic effects. Step 2) Modification of starting point: * Correction for absorption difference between rat and human, and between dermal and inhalation absorption:No difference in dermal and inhalation absorption is expected between rats and humans. A default inhalation and dermal absorption of 100% in rats and humans is used for DNEL derivation.  * Correction of respiratory volume for relevant duration: For a 6-h exposure, the respiratory volume of rats is 0.288 m3/kg bw. NOAEL (internal dose) = 8.38 x 0.288 = 2.41 mg/kg bw
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
An allometric scaling factor of 4 must be applied because the key study was performed on rats.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
A factor of 5 is applied for worker DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.03 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
8.38 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
1.5 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEC (rat, 90d) = 8.38 mg/m3 for systemic effects. Step 2) Modification of starting point: * Correction or exposure duration in study (6h/d, 5d/wk) to default general population exposure (24h/d, 7d/wk) :The correction factor is 6/24 x 5/7. * Correction for absorption difference between rat and human: No difference in inhalation absorption is expected between rats and humans. NOAEC corrected = 8.38 x 6/24 x 5/7 = 1.50 mg/m3
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEC.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
A factor of 10 is applied for the general population DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.004 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor:
NOAEC
Value:
0.507 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEC.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
A factor of 10 is applied for the general population DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.012 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
200
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
8.38 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
2.41 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor:NOAEC (rat,90d) = 8.38 mg/m3 for systemic effects. Step 2) Modification of starting point: * Correction for absorption difference between rat and human, and between dermal and inhalation absorption: A default inhalation and dermal absorption of 100% in rats and humans is used for DNEL derivation.  Thereforethe correction factor is 1 (100/100 = 1). * Correction of respiratory volume for relevant duration: For 6h of exposure, the respiratory volume of rats is 0.288m3/kg bw. NOAEL (internal dose) = 8.38 x 0.288 = 2.41 mg/kg bw
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
An allometric scaling factor of 4 must be applied because the key study was performed on rats.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
A factor of 10 is applied for the general population DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.012 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
200
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
8.38
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
2.41 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEC (rat, 90d) = 8.38 mg/m3 for systemic effects. Step 2) Modification of starting point: * Correction for absorption difference between rat and human, and between oral and inhalation absorption: A default inhalation and oral absorption of 100% in rats and humans is used for DNEL derivation.  * Correction of respiratory volume for relevant duration: For 6h of exposure, the respiratory volume of rats is 0.288m3/kg bw. NOAEL (internal dose)= 8.38 x 0.288 = 2.41 mg/kg bw/d
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
This factor is applied because the dose-descriptor starting point is a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
DNEL is based on a subchronic study (90-day).
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
An allometric scaling factor of 4 must be applied because the key study was performed on rats.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
A factor of 2.5 is applied for remaining difference.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
A factor of 10 is applied for the general population DNELs.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The key study chosen for DNEL calculation is considered as a reliable study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No other assessment factor is applied.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - General Population