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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
21.1.2008-1.2.2008
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2008
Report date:
2008

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
The study was perfomed without the analytical determination of the test substance concentrations. For all evaluations and results nominal concentrations of the test substance were used.
GLP compliance:
yes

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
Ashes (residues)
EC Number:
268-627-4
EC Name:
Ashes (residues)
Cas Number:
68131-74-8
Test material form:
solid: bulk
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Ashes (residues)
- Substance type: technical product
- Physical state: solid
- Main components: SiO2 (42.12%), Al2O3 (32.16%), Fe2O3 (10.88%), TiO2, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, SO3 - constituents with content less than 10%
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: unlimited
- Appearance: greyish black powder

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
no

Test solutions

Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS OF TEST SUBSTANCE:
Since the test substance is poorly soluble in dilution water at concentrations needed for the test, the saturated solution of the test substance in dilution water was used as stock solution. 50 mg of the test substance was weighed into 500 mL of the dilution water for preliminary test and limit test. These mixtures were stirred on a shaft stirrer throughout two days, ultrasonicated for 10 minutes and filtered through 0.45 micron filter. The concentrations of solutions used in the preliminary and limit test were obtained by dilution of the stock saturated solution with dilution water.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus
- Source: own laboratory breeding
- Age at study initiation: young daphnia born in 24 hours
- Method of breeding: aperiodic parthenogenesis
- Feeding during test: no
- Lighting: natural variation of daily light and dark
- Number of test animals: 20 for each concentration and control in preliminary test, 20 for each concentration and control in limit test
- Aeration: without aeration


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: The grow-up gravid females are separated into dilution water. Young daphnia born in 24 hours are segregated to the handling container from which they entered the experiment.
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Type and amount of food: a mixture of algae
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): healthy daphnia

Study design

Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:
Preliminary test: content of (Ca+Mg) in dilution water: 2.61 mmol.L-1
Limit test: content of (Ca+Mg) in dilution water: 2.59 mmol.L-1
Test temperature:
20+/- 2 °C, with a variation of +/- 1°C at each individual test
pH:
Preliminary test: pH of dilution water 7.9
Limit test: pH of dilution water 8.0 (see table 6)
Dissolved oxygen:
Study conditions-concentration of dissolved oxygen: higher than 3 mg/L
At the beginning and the end of the test the oxygen content was measured-see table 5.
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentration: See table 1 and table 4.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: open beaker
- Material, fill volume: glass, 50 ml of test solution
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: one young daphnia per 5 ml of test solution


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Standard dilution water was prepared just before the test.
The dilution water should be of pH 7.8 +/- 0.2. The sum of Ca + Mg ions should be approx. 2.5 mmol.L-1.

- Conductivity of distillated water: 0.135 mS.m-1
- Intervals of water quality measurement: just before the test


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: natural daily light and dark

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
The daphnia immobilisation was observed after 24 and 48 hours. At the beginning and the end of the test the ambient temperature, the oxygen content and pH value were measured.


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
The stock saturated solution of the test substance in dilution water was prepared for limit test. The limit test was performed in range nominal concentrations from 62 mg.L-1 to 100 mg.L-1. For the test was used geometric concentration series of the test substance with factor 1.1.
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
pottasium dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: not observed
- Observations on body length and weight: not observed
- Other biological observations: not observed
- Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: not observed
Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: The sensitivity of the test species and correctness of test performance is periodically verified in three-month period by testing with the reference substance, potassium dichromate.
The results of the verification test with K2Cr2O7 are the following:

24h – EC50 = 1.15 mg.L-1 (95 % confidence limit: 0.81 – 1.49 mg.L-1)
48h – EC50 = 0.80 mg.L-1 (95 % confidence limit: 0.71 – 0.88 mg.L-1)

Any other information on results incl. tables

Limit test

 

Table 4.Immobilisation of daphnia – limit test

Nominal concentration

mg·L-1

100

91

83

75

68

62

C

Saturated solution dosing

mL·L-1

1000

910

830

750

680

620

C

Number of live animals

24 hours/1stseries

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Number of live animals

24 hours/2ndseries

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Number of live animals

24 hours/total

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

Immobilisation %

24 hours

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Number of live animals

48 hours/1stseries

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Number of live animals

48 hours/2ndseries

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Number of live animals

48 hours/total

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

Immobilisation %

48 hours

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
No immobilisation was observed in limit test. Therefore, exact values of EC50 could not be calculated and the values of EC are given in the form of a range. The NOEC and EC100 values are identified by direct observation.
The nominal concentrations of the test substance were used for all evaluations and results.
Executive summary:

The test substance, Ashes (residues),was tested in acute immobilisation test on daphnia.

The test was performed according to EU method C.2. - Acute toxicity for Daphnia, Directive 92/69/EEC, Published in O.J.L 383A, 1992.

 

Since the test substance is poorly soluble in dilution water it was not possible to achieve the concentration of 100 mg·L-1. For this reason a saturated solution of the test substance in dilution water was prepared for preliminary and limit test.

 

The preliminary test was performed in range of test substance nominal concentrations 1 – 100 mg·L-1. Based on no toxicity of the test substance found in preliminary test, the limit test was performed. The limit test was performed in range of test substance nominal concentrations 62 – 100 mg·L-1. The test was performed as static.

 

The study was performed without the analytical determination of the test substance concentrations. The nominal concentrations of the test substance were used for all evaluations and results.

 

Test results:

24–hour EC50>100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

48–hour EC50>100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

24–hour NOEC = 100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

48–hour NOEC = 100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

24–hour EC100>100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

48–hour EC100>100 mg·L-1(nominal concentration)

 

Classification of the test substance on the basis of hazard to aquatic environment was performed according to the Directive 93/21/EEC, Annex IV (article 5.2.1.).

 

According to the classification criteria given in quoted Directivethe test substance,Ashes (residues), is not assigned to any of quoted toxicity categories.