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EC number: 222-182-2 | CAS number: 3380-34-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Acutely very toxic for aquatic organisms
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Several tests on the toxicity of Triclosan to different algae species are available. In a study on freshwater algae Desmodesmus subspicatus the growth inhibition after 96 hours was tested. The test followed US EPA guideline OTS 797.1050. After 96 hours of exposure a NOEC of 0.69 µg/l (EC50 1.61 µg/l) based on the growth rate was determined (Ciba-Geigy 1997). The result is supported by several other studies on different freshwater and marine algae species. Two further studies on Scenedesmus subspicatus (new name: Desmodesmus subspicatus) detected a comparable inhibition of algal growth. A NOEC of 0.5 µg/l (EC50 2.8 µg/l) based on the growth rate was determined after 72 hours in a study following OECD guideline 201 (Ciba-Geigy 1995). In a study conducted in compliance with EPA OPPTS 850.5400 the effect of Triclosan on Desmodesmus subspicatus in presence and absence of humic acid was tested. Algae were exposed for 96 hours. Based on the algal growth rate a NOEC of 0.742 µg/l (EC50: 2.25 µg/l) without humic acid and a NOEC of 2.38 μg/l (EC50: 4.6 μg/l) with humic acid was detected (Colgate-Palmolive Company 1999). In a study on Anabaena flos-aquae exposed for 96 hours to Triclosan according to EPA OPPTS 850.5400 a NOEC of 0.81 µg/l (EC50 1.6 µg/l) based on growth rate was recorded (Ciba Specicialty Chemicals 1998). The results of freshwater algae are confirmed by a further study focusing on the effect of Triclosan to Selenastrum capricornutum, Anabaena flos-aquae and Navicula pelliculosa. Algal growth was within 96 hours of exposure to Triclosan was determined and an EC50 of 13.7 µg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (reported as: S. capricornutum), of 1.36 µg/l for A. flos-aquae and of 0.44µg/l was determined. Furthermore effects of the substance on growth of the marine species Skeletonema costatum were investigated. Skeletonema costatum was slightly less sensitive. An EC50 > 66µg/l was determined (Ciba-Geigy Corporation 1997).
The study by Ciba-Geigy (1997) using Desmodesmus subspicatus as test species was selected as key study (96 -h ErC50 = 1.61 µg/L; 96 -h NOErC = 0.69µg/L). This study was preferred over the others since NaOH was used as solvent. The other studies resulting in lower effect values used acetone as solvent. Acetone can lead to an overestimation of the toxicity of triclosan due to the possibility of acetone inducing formation of free radicals by photolysis.
The toxic effect of the transformation product methyltriclosan (CAS 4640 -01 -1) was studied in a growth inhibition test according to OECD 201 (Ciba, 2006). The 72 -h ErC50 was 0.17 mg/L, the 72 -h NOEC was 0.040 mg/L.
The available data on algalo toxicity of triclosan and methyltriclosan are summarised in the table below.
Reference |
RL |
Species |
Exp. |
Effect level |
Value (µg/L) |
Nom./ meas. |
Fw/ Mar. |
Triclosan |
|||||||
Acute effect data |
|||||||
Ciba Specialty Chemicals (1998). Rep. No. 437A-101 |
2 |
Anabaena flos-aquae |
72 h |
EC50 |
5.01 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Anabaena flos-aquae |
96 h |
EC50 |
1.08 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba Specialty Chemicals (1995). Rep. No. 385837 |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC50 |
1.99 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997). Rep. No. 43118 |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC50 |
1.89 |
meas. |
fw |
Colgate-Palmolive (1999). Rep. No. 362A-105, without humic acid |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC50 |
1.89 |
meas. |
fw |
De Lorenzo et al. (2008) |
2 |
Dunaliella tertiolecta |
96 h |
EC50 |
3.55 |
meas. |
mar. |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Navicula pelliculosa |
96 h |
EC50 |
55.96 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
96 h |
EC50 |
15.84 |
nom. |
fw |
Tamura et al. (2012) |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
72 h |
EC50 |
5.1 |
meas. |
fw |
Tatarazako et al. (2004) |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
72 h |
EC50 |
4.7 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Skeletonema costatum |
96 h |
EC50 |
> 66 |
nom. |
mar. |
Longterm effect data |
|||||||
Ciba Specialty Chemicals (1998). Rep. No. 437A-101 |
2 |
Anabaena flos-aquae |
72 h |
EC10 |
1.98 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Anabaena flos-aquae |
96 h |
EC10 |
0.42 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba Specialty Chemicals (1995). Rep. No. 385837 |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC10 |
0.46 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997). Rep. No. 43118 |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC10 |
1.03 |
meas. |
fw |
Colgate-Palmolive (1999). Rep. No. 362A-105, without humic acid |
2 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC10 |
1.03 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Navicula pelliculosa |
96 h |
EC10 |
12.66 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
96 h |
EC10 |
1.81 |
nom. |
fw |
Tatarazako et al. (2004) |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
72 h |
EC10 |
2.7 |
nom. |
fw |
Ciba-Geigy Corp. (1997) Rep. No. 21-02-1 |
2 |
Skeletonema costatum |
96 h |
EC10 |
> 66 |
nom. |
mar. |
De Lorenzo et al. (2008) |
2 |
Dunaliella tertiolecta |
96 h |
NOEC |
1.6 |
meas. |
mar. |
Tamura et al. (2012) |
2 |
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
72 h |
NOEC |
0.53 |
meas. |
fw |
Methyl-Triclosan |
|||||||
Ciba Specialty Chem. (2006). Rep. No.A34918 |
1 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC10 |
0.076 |
meas. |
fw |
Ciba Specialty Chem. (2006). Rep. No.A34918 |
1 |
Desmodesmus subspicatus |
72 h |
EC50 |
0.17 |
meas. |
fw |
Exp.: exposure duration; Fw.: freshwater; Mar.: marine water; Meas.: measured; Nom.: nominal; RL: Reliability
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