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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

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Administrative data

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Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: GLP guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EPA OPPTS 850.5400 (Algal Toxicity, Tiers I and II) (January 2012)
GLP compliance:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
- Concentrations: 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg a.i./L
- Sampling time: at 0, 72 and 96 hours
Vehicle:
yes
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Acetone
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: 0.01% v/v
Test organisms (species):
Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green alga
- Strain: UTEX 1648
- Source: Department of Botany, University of Texas, USA
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3-7 days
- Method of cultivation: cultured in freshwater algal nutrient medium under continuous illumination of approx. 4300 Lux at a temperature of 24 ± 2°C.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Test temperature:
24 ± 2 °C
pH:
After 0 hours: 7.4 - 7.5
After 72 hours: 7.7 -8.1
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal test concentrations: 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg a.i./L
Mean measured concentrations (72 h, % of nominal): 86- 94
Mean measured concentrations (96 h, % of nominal): 83 - 89
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 ml test solution
- Initial cells density: 10 000 cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 57E+04 cells/ml after 72 h; 147E+04 after 96 hours
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 3

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Test medium was freshwater algal nutrient medium (FWAM), prepared by the addition of appropriate reagent nutrients to ABC reagent water

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: permanent
- Light intensity and quality: cool-white fluorescent lightning, 4300 ± 430 lx

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: cell densities after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.468 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
3.57 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
1.35 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
biomass
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.432 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
3.78 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
1.32 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (arithm. mean)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
biomass
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Executive summary:

The study from Hicks (2002) was conducted according to OECD 201 and revealed a EC50 (72 h) of 3.57 mg/L for the growth rate of Selenastrum capricornutum. The NOEC (72 h) is 0.468 mg/L.

Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: GLP study according to a national standard method with some missing details
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Scenedesmus-Zellvermehrungs-Hemmtest, DIN 38412 Teil 9, Bestimmung der Hemmwirkung von Wasserinhaltsstoffen auf Gruenalgen (method of the German Standards Institution, Berlin, Germany)
GLP compliance:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Test organisms (species):
Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
72 h
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
0.4 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
0.98 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
0.38 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
biomass
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
0.85 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
biomass
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Non-GLP guideline study, some test details are missing
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
72 h
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.35 mg/L
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
LOEC
Effect conc.:
1 mg/L
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
3.8 mg/L
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
5 mg/L
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified

Description of key information

ErC50 (72 h) = 3.57 mg a.i./L and NOEC (72 h) = 0.468 mg i.a./L for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata  (nominal, OECD 201)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:
3.57 mg/L
EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
0.468 mg/L

Additional information

To investigate the influence of OPP (CAS-No. 90-43-7) on the growth of aquatic algae the results of a GLP study according to OECD 201 are available (Hicks, 2002). Based on growth rate a 72- hour ErC50 of 3.57 mg a.i./L (measured) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined. The corresponding NOEC (72 h) was 0.468 mg a.i./L

Additionally, effects of OPP on another green algae Desmodesmus subspicatus (formerly Scenedesmus subspicatus) were investigated by Caspers (1989). Due to significant deficiencies found in the methodology, (e.g. no analytical measurements) the test results should only be regarded as additional information and will not be used for the risk assessment.