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EC number: 231-717-9 | CAS number: 7699-43-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Acute toxicity: oral
One reliable study was available which determined a LD50 of 3500 mg/kg bw in rats (Cochran et al., 1950).
Acute toxicity: inhalation
No study required. In addition the substance is corrosive.
Acute toxicity: dermal
No study needs to be conducted as the substance is skin corrosive.
Acute toxicity: other routes
One reliable study was available for the intraperitoneal route of exposure and determined a LD50 of 400 mg/kg bw (Cochran et al., 1950).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Well documented, scientifically sound study according to a method similar to OECD 401 "Acute Oral Toxicity" with the following deviations: (1) The number of deaths at each dose were not reported; (2) the specific doses (mg/kg) were not provided; (3) individual clinical observations, body weights, pathology were not reported; (4) sex of the animals was not provided.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see rationale for reliability
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: Adults
- Weight at study initiation: 200 - 300 g
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum, purina chow
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: maintained in air-conditioned rooms - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on oral exposure:
- VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 50% - Doses:
- Specific doses administered were not provided
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 22 rats were used (sex of the animals was not provided)
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 10 days, an initial group of animals receiving the test subsance was kept for 30 days to verify if any significant mortality occurred after the tenth day.
- Statistics:
- The LD50 values were obtained from 10-day mortality data by using the log-probability method.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- ca. 3 500 other: mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- The LD50 was calculated to be 3500 mg compound/kg (990 mg metal/kg). The time of death varied from a few hours to a few days following the exposure to the test substance. Few deaths were reported later than five days after exposure to test substance. Individual animal data were not provided.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Animals exposed to the test substance showed a progressive depression and decrease in activity until death occurred.
- Gross pathology:
- No gross pathological changes were reported in any of the animals receiving lethal doses of the test substance.
- Other findings:
- No physiologic changes were reported in any of the animals receiving lethal doses of the test substance.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The acute oral LD50 in rats via gavage was calculated to be 3500 mg/kg bw for zirconium dichloride oxide.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- A reliabiliy score of Klimisch 3 was assigned because 1. the tested concentrations are not clearly reported; 2. there is no guideline reported; 3. no data on substance origin and purity are given; 4. no data on origin of animals and acclimation period for animals are reported; 5. no data on controls is given.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Single administration of product diluted in distilled water to mice.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Swiss
- Sex:
- female
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Doses:
- Dilution in water (50%)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 24 animals were used (female)
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 4 330 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The oral LD50 was calculated according to the Bliss method to be 4330 mg/kg bw.
Referenceopen allclose all
Some animals died during the 24 hours following administration. For the survivors, the behavior is characterized by inappetence, progressive emaciation, prostrate animal, dull coat. At autopsy often gastrointestinal necrosis and sometimes lung necrosis are found.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 3 500 mg/kg bw
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is classified as corrosive to the skin
- other:
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is classified as corrosive to the skin
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Acute oral toxicity
Cochran et al. (1950) observed an acute oral LD50 of 3500 mg compound/kg bw for zirconium dichloride oxide in Sprague-Dawley rats. The time of death varied from a few hours to a few days following the exposure to the test substance. Few deaths were reported later than five days after exposure to test substance. Individual animal data were not provided. Animals exposed to the test substance showed a progressive depression and decrease in activity until death occurred. No gross pathological changes were reported in any of the animals receiving lethal doses of the test substance. No physiological changes were reported in any of the animals receiving lethal doses of the test substance. This study was considered reliable with restrictions (Klimisch 2) and was selected as key study to cover the endpoint. The results from this study are supported by a non-reliable (Klimisch 3) study from Delongeas et al. (1983) reporting a LD50 of 4330 mg/kg bw for mice.
Acute inhalation toxicity
An acute inhalation study does not need to be conducted as the substance is classified as corrosive to skin (according to REACH Annex VIII section 8.5, column 2). In addition, there is sufficient evidence available indicating that zirconium is barely absorbed after exposure via inhalation (see section 7.1) and is therefore of low bioavailability.
Acute toxicity: dermal
An acute dermal toxicity study does not need to be conducted as the substance is classified as corrosive to skin (according to REACH Annex VIII section 8.5, column 2). Furthermore the dermal route of exposure is not the most appropriate route as exposure via inhalation is more likely and there is no indication from the physicochemical properties of significant absorption through the intact skin.
Acute toxicity: other routes
Cochran et al. (1950) observed an acute LD50 of 400 mg compound/kg bw in Sprague-Dawley rats after intraperitoneal injection.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the available data and according to the DSD/CLP criteria zirconium dichloride oxide should not be classified for acute toxicity via the oral route of exposure.
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