Valeryl chloride

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.031 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.313 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.003 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

18.9 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.269 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.027 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

0.035 mg/kg soil dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no potential for bioaccumulation

Additional information

Due to the rapid hydrolysis of the parent compound valeryl chloride (CAS 638 -29 -9), the PNEC derivation is based on the results for the parent compound itself and its hydrolysis product valeric acid (CAS 109 -52 -4). Effect values of the hydrolysis product HCl (CAS 7647 -01 -0) were not considered in the ecotoxicological evaluation of the substance since the observed toxicity was not due to intrinsic properties of the molecule, but is due to pH effects.

Conclusion on classification

The parent compound rapidly hydrolyses in contact with water and forms valeric acid (CAS 109-52-4) and HCl (CAS 7647 -01 -0).

Data from HCl have not been taken into consideration as observed effects are caused by a pH-shift in the test medium. Data for the parent compound itself are available only for short-term toxicity to fish. Acute toxicity data for the hydrolysis product valeric acid (CAS 109-52-4) are available for all three trophic levels; chronic toxicity data are not available.

Therefore, the conclusion on classification will be based on the information available for valeryl chloride and its hydrolysis product valeric acid.

Official classification regarding environmental hazards:

Aquatic compartment

In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Annex VI Table 3.1 or Table 3.2: no data found for valerlyl chloride (CAS 638 -29 -9). Aquatic chronic 3 for valeric acid (CAS 109 -52 -4).

Self classification: 

Following CLP (GHS-EU), valeryl chloride is not to be classified as acutely or chronically hazardous to the aquatic environment.

Rationale:

- According to the criteria outlined in Table 4.1.0(a) (Comission Regulation (EU) No 286/2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008), the substance is not to be classified as acutely hazardous to the aquatic environment, since the lowest acute effect value is > 1 mg/L (algae, EC50 = 31.3 mg/L, valeric acid).

Chronic data are not available; therefore, classification is based on the available acute toxicity data.

- Acute toxicity data:

The lowest acute effect value (EC50) is 31.3 mg/L (algae), the hydrolysis product valeric acid is rapidly degradable and the log Pow of valeryl chloride and its hydrolysis product is < 3. According to the criteria outlined in Table 4.1.0(b) (iii) (Commission Regulation (EU) No 286/2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008), the substance is not to be classified as chronically hazardous.

Based on the available data, valeryl chloride is not to be classified as acutely or chronically hazardous to the aquatic environment. However, as the hydrolysis product valeric acid is harmonized classified as aquatic chronic 3, this classification also applies to valeryl chloride.