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EC number: 203-570-0 | CAS number: 108-30-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Aquatic toxicity of succinic anhydride was assessed in a read-across approach using the hydrolysis product of succinic anhydride, succinic acid (DT50 = approx. 5 min). Due to the fast hydrolysis of succinic anhydride in aqueous solutions, succinic acid is suitable to assess the aquatic toxicity of succinic acid.
Short-term fish
In a 96-h acute toxicity study according to test guideline OECD 203, juvenile D. rerio were exposed to a single succinic acid concentration of 100 mg/L under semi-static conditions. The 96-h LC50 was > 100 mg /L (nominal concentration). The NOEC value, based on mortality, was 100 mg/L. Both values correpond to 85 mg/L succinic anhydride. No sublethal effects were observed.
Short term invertebrates
The 48h acute toxicity of succinic acid to Daphnia magna was determined in two semi-static tests according to the OECD 202 guideline. Test species were exposed at nominal concentration of 6.5, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L for 48 h. Based on the fact that the effects seen in the first experiments were influenced by pH changes, the most appropriate endpoint to use for the assessment of succinic acid toxicity is the 48-h EC50 value of > 102 mg/L, corresponding to 86 mg/L succinic anhydride, obtained in the study with pH adjustment.
Aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
In a 72-h toxicity study, cultures of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were exposed to succinic acid at nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L under static conditions in accordance with the OECD guideline 201. This test was conducted twice as effects were seen in the first experiment, likely related to drastic pH changes. Therefore, results from the second study with pH control measures are more reliable. The NOEC and EC50 values for biomass and growth rate were 100 mg/L and > 100 mg/L, respectively, corresponding to 85 mg/L succinic anhydride.
Activated sludge
Activated sludge obtained from a sewage treatment plant was exposed in a 3-hour respiration inhibition test to nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 7.7, 19.3, 48.2, 120.6 and 301.5 mg succinic acid/L. The test design included duplicate samples and followed OECD guideline 209. The 3-hour EC50 based on respiration inhibition was > 300 mg succinic acid/L, corresponding to 254 mg/L succinic anhydride.
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