Nickel iron chromite black spinel

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin irritation: not irritating (equivalent or similar to OECD 404; Non-GLP compliant)
Eye irritation: not irritating (equivalent or similar to OECD 405; Non-GLP compliant)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Comparable to guideline study reliable without restrictions Minor deviations from the guideline: - physical nature and batch/lot no. were not stated. - the relative humidity in the animal room should be 30 - 70 %. In this study the humidity was slightly higher (55% +/- 25 %). - approx. 24 h before the test the fur should be removed by clipping or shaving. In this study the time of removal of the fur was not stated. - the type of vehicle used for moistening the solid test substance was not clearly stated. It was only stated that either water or an appropriate fluid was used to moisten the test substance.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

adopted 1992-07-17

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

, please refer to "Rationale for reliability inc. deficiencies" above

GLP compliance:

no

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2501 - 2654 grams
- Housing: individual stainless steel cages, brand Tecniplast; cleaning: automatic
- Diet (daily dose of 150 g): special diet for experimental rabbits, provided by an authorized provider
- Drink: automatic ad libitum, treated and filtered at 5 µm
- Acclimation period: 7 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21 +/- 2 °C
- Relative humidity: 55 % +/- 25 %
- Air: renewed 15 times per hour and prefiltered at 5 µm
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

other: water or appropriate fluid

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g of a solid sample moistened with water (or appropriate fluid) was applied.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

1, 24, 48 and 72 hours as well as 7 and 14 days after removal of the bandages

Number of animals:

3 males

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure and type of wrap used: the skin at the back (scapular area) close to the vertebral column was shaved (20 cm long, 13 cm wide rectangle). Once the rabbit had been shaved, the sample is applied directly onto the skin, covering a surface of approximately 6 cm^2. It was covered with a bandage, held with a plaster and covered with a hypoallergenic plaster bandage.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Time after start of exposure: once the period of exposure as ended
- Washing: the sample was softly removed with water or appropriate solvent.

SCORING SYSTEM: according to the Draize scale
Also, observations of corrosion were made (if there was a destruction of tissue in all the thickness of the skin)

OBSERVATIONS:
- Weight control: it was performed at the beginning of the study
- General examination: the general condition of the animal was observed, as well as the condition of the skin. Special attention was given to the apparition of modifications on the treated area, like corrosion, irritation, erythema, scarification, oedema or any other alteration.

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Remarks on result:

other: On the 7th observation day very slight (hardly perceptible; grade 1) erythema was observed.

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Very slight (hardly perceptible) erythema was observed in two animals and well defined erythema was observed in one animal at the 1 hour observation.
Very slight (hardly perceptible) erythema was observed in one animal at the 24 hour and 48 hour observations. The same grade of erythema was observed in two animals at the 24, 48 and 72 hour observations, which were reversible within 7 or 14 days.

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

NEGRO-G19 is not irritating to the skin.
According to the EC-Commission directive 67/548/EEC and its subsequent amendments, the test substance is not classified as skin irritant.
According to the EC-Regulation 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is not classified as skin irritant.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Comparable to guideline study reliable without restrictions Minor deviations from the guideline: - the lot/batch no. of the test substance was not stated. - the relative humidity is slightly higher than 70 % (55 % +/- 25%). - it was not stated, if the eyelids were held together after application of the test substance.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Version / remarks:

adopted 1987-02-24

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

, please refer to "Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies" above

GLP compliance:

no

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2072 grams - 2212 grams
- Housing: individual stainless steel cages, brand Tecniplast; cleaning: automatic
- Diet (daily dose of 150 g): special diet for experimental rabbits, provided by an authorized provider
- Drink: automatic ad libitum, treated and filtered at 5 µm
- Acclimation period: 7 days

At arrival at the Unit, rabbits went through a health control.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21 +/- 2 °C
- Relative humidity: 55 % +/- 25 %
- Air: renewed 15 times per hour and prefiltered at 5 µm
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 g of the solid test item (grinded to fine dust) was administered into the conjunctival bag of one eye by separating the lower eyelid.The untreated eye was used as control.

Observation period (in vivo):

1, 24, 48 and 72 hours as well as 7 days after administration of the test substance

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3 males

Details on study design:

The rabbits were fixed in an immobilization trap during test item administration.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
not stated

SCORING SYSTEM: Draize scoring system

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: in order to facilitate the evaluation of the reactions, light from a manual lamp was used and 24 hours after administration of the test item, fluorescein was used to check for injuries of the cornea.

OBSERVATIONS:
- Weight control: it was performed at the beginning of the study
- General examination: the general condition of the animal was observed, as well as the conditions of the eyes. Special attention was given to the apparition of modifications on the treated eye: cornea, iris, conjunctiva, as well as any other injury observed.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 adn 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1.67

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1.67

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #2

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1.67

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

animal #3

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Opacity of the cornea of grade 1 affecting 1/4 of the eyeball was observed in two animals at the 1 hour and 24 hour observations. Opacity of the cornea of grade 1 was also observed in the remaining animal at the 1 hour observation.
Injury of the iris of grade 1 was observed in two animals at the 1 hour observation. Injury of the iris of grade 1 was also observed in the remaining animal at the 1 hour and 24 hour observation.
Erythema of the conjunctiva of grade 2 was observed in all animals at the 1 hour, 24 hour and 48 hour observations. The erythema of the conjunctiva changed to a grade 1 in all animals at the 72 hour observation and had disappeared by day 7.
Oedema of the conjunctiva of grade 1 was observed in one animal at the 1 hour, 24 hour and 48 hour observations and in another animal at the 1 hour and 48 hour observation. Oedema of the conjunctiva of grade 2 was observed in the remaining animal at the 1 hour observation , which changed to a grade 1 at the 24 hour observation and had disappeared at the 48 hour observation.

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

NEGRO-G19 is not irritating to the eye.
According to the criteria specified by Directive 67/548/EEC and subsequent regulations, the test item is not classified as eye irritant.
According to the EC Regulation No. 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is not classified as eye irritant.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Additional information

Skin irritation

One reliable in vivo study described by Alvarez Genoher (2000) (equivalent or similar to OECD 404; Non-GLP compliant) is considered to be reliable without restrictions. The substance was determined to be not irritating to the skin.

Eye irritation

One reliable in vivo study described by Alvarez Genoher (2000) (equivalent or similar to OECD 405; Non-GLP compliant) is considered to be reliable without restrictions. The substance was determined to be not irritating to the eyes.

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
One reliable in vivo study described by Alvarez Genoher (2000) (equivalent or similar to OECD 404; Non-GLP compliant) is considered to be reliable without restrictions. The substance was determined to be not irritating to the skin.

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
One reliable in vivo study described by Alvarez Genoher (2000) (equivalent or similar to OECD 405; Non-GLP compliant) is considered to be reliable without restrictions. The substance was determined to be not irritating to the eyes.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Skin irritation

Reference Alvarez Genoher (2000) is considered as the key study for in vivo skin irritation and will be used for classification. The skin irritation was scored according to the Draize scale. The mean score (24, 48, 72h) for oedema was 0 for all animals. For the three animals the mean score for erythema was 0.67, 1, and 1, respectively. The study was terminated after the 14 days observation. According toregulation (EC) 1272/2008 and subsequent amendments the substance will not be classified as skin irritant.

Eye irritation

Reference Alvarez Genoher (2000) is considered as the key study for in vivo eye irritation and will be used for classification. During the study the test item was applied to one eye of three animals each and the eye irritation was scored according to the Draize scale.The following mean scores were obtained (24, 48, and 72 hours) for the three animals:

Cornea: 0.33, 0, and 0.33

Iris: 0, 0, and 0.33

Conjunctivae score: 1.67 all animals

Chemosis score: 0.67, 0.33, and 0.33

The ocular effects were fully reversible within 7 days. Thus, according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and subsequent amendments the substance will not be classified as irritating to the eyes.

Respiratory irritation

The classification as respiratory irritant is normally covered under the endpoint specific target organ toxicity- single exposure and repeated exposure. Please refer to the endpoint summaries on acute toxicity (endpoint 7.2) for further information.