1-(3-sulphonatopropyl)pyridinium

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

1. Acute oral toxicity (1983), GLP, OECD 401, rats, gavage, 1000 mg/kg, 5000 mg/kg, LD50 >5000 mg/kg bw.
2. Acute dermal toxicity (2001), GLP, OECD 402, rats, semiocclusive, 2000 mg/kg, LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw.
3. Prediction using TOXTREE (v.2.5.0), Chemservice S.A., 2011)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1982-11-30 - 1983-12-17

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP-Guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

other: rats outbred with Wistarstock KFM:WIST (SPF HAN.)

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Kleintierfarm Madoerin AG/ 4414 Fuellingsdorf, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 7 weeks (males), 9 weeks (females)
- Weight at study initiation: 160 - 224 g (males) and 156 - 200 g (females)
- Fasting period before study: fasting overnight
- Housing: the animals were caged in groups of five in macrolon cages with wire mesh tops (Dipl. Ing. W. Ehret GmbH, 7330 Emmendingen, Germany) and standardized granulated soft wood bedding (Lignocel/Schill AG / 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): pelleted standard KLIBA 343/BATCH 69/82 rat maintenance diet (Klingentalmuehle AG/ 4303 Kaiseraugust/Switzerland). Defined for acceptable contaminant level, ad libitum.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water ad libitum (water quality according to the requirements oft he "schweiz. Lebensmittelbuch".
- Acclimation period: 1 week under test conditions

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 2°C
- Humidity (%): 55 +/- 10%
- Air changes (per hr):
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours light, 12 hours dark

IDENTIFICATION: by cage number and individual colour spots
RANDOMIZATION: in order to set up a fully randomized experiment/animals were assigned to the different groups by means of a random algorithm.

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose)

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 2 % solution of CMC (Carboxymethylcellulose Natriumsalt purum/ Vise./ 100 CPS/ Fluka AG/ Buchs/Switzerland) in distilled water
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 10 mL at 1000 mg/kg and 20 mL at 5000 mg/kg

MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED: 20 mL at 5000 mg/kg

DOSAGE PREPARATION: A dilution (w/w) of the test compound was prepared using a homogenizer (Ultra-Turrax/Janke and Kunkel/Staufen/ West-Germany) and kept homogenous during treatment using a magnetic stirrer (Auer-Bittmann/Switzerland).

Doses:

1000 mg/kg bw and 5000 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

- single oral intubation via gavage to animals fasted overnight
- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Bodyweights were recorded at the day of administration and days 7 and 14 after the administration / Symptoms were assessed five times at day 1 and then daily
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight

Statistics:

The LD50 was calculated without use of a statistical model by estimation.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD0

Effect level:

5 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 5 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

In both groups no mortalities occurred.

Clinical signs:

other: In both groups the animals showed ruffled fur (slight) within 1 to 5 hours after dosing. All rats had recovered within 2 observation days.

Gross pathology:

Three male rats of the 5000 mg/kg group showed mottled lungs. Apart from this unspecific finding, no macroscopical organ changes were observed.

Other findings:

No other findings were reported.

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: EU-GHS

Conclusions:

The study was performed according to the OECD TG401 without deviations and therefore considered to be of the highest quality (reliability Klimisch 1). The validity criteria of the test system are fulfilled. The test material did not induce mortality or treatment-related clinical signs. The test material was considered to be non-toxic under the conditions of the test.

Executive summary:

The acute oral toxicity of the test material was investigated in rats (Ullmann et al,1993). The test was conducted according to OECD TG401. As doses 1000 and 5000 mg/kg bw of the test substance were administered via gavage to the rats. Observations were made for a period of 14 days. No mortalities or signs of systemic toxicity, beside slightly ruffled fur during the first 5 hours following administration were observed. No treatment-related body weight changes were reported. In 3 male animals pathological abnormalities were found: mottled lungs (dose group 5000 mg/kg bw). This findings are not to be considered to be specific, but unspecific. The acute oral medina lethal dose (LD50) of the test material in rats of both sexes observed over a period of 14 days was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg bw.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

5 000 mg/kg bw

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2001-08-22 - 2001-10-05

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP-Guideline Study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS: Sprague-Dawley CD (Crl: CD® (SD) IGS BR) strain rats
- On receipt the animals were randomly allocated to cages. The females were nulliparous and non-pregnant.
- Source: Charles River (UK) Ltd, Margate, Kent, UK.
- Animal selection: at random and given a unique number within the study by indelible ink-marking on the tail and a number written on a cage card.
- Age at study initiation: approximately eight weeks
- Weight at study initiation: at least 200 g
- Housing: housed in suspended polypropylene cages furnished with wood flakes, individually during the 24-hour exposure period and in groups of five, by sex, for the remainder of the study
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum (Rat and Mouse SQC Expanded Diet No. 1, Special Diets Services Limited, Witham, Essex, UK)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum drinking water
The diet, drinking water and bedding were routinely analysed and were considered not to contain any contaminants that could reasonably be expected to affect the purpose or integrity of the study.
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19 to 25°C (Any occasional deviations from these targets were considered not to have affected purpose or integrity of the study)
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70% (Any occasional deviations from these targets were considered not to have affected the purpose or integrity of the study)
- Air changes (per hr): at least fifteen per hours
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness

The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items: wooden chew blocks (B&K Universal Ltd, Hull, UK) and cardboard fun tunnels (Datesand Ltd, Cheshire, UK) or suitable alternatives. These items were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Vehicle:

other: distilled water

Details on dermal exposure:

TEST SITE
- Preparation: on the day before treatment the back and flanks of each animal were clipped free of hair.
- Area of exposure: approximately 10% of the total body surface area
- Type of wrap if used: A piece of surgical gauze was placed over the treatment area and semi-occluded with a piece of self-adhesive bandage.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): after the 24-hour contact period the bandage was carefully removed and the treated skin and surrounding hair wiped with cotton wool moistened with distilled water to remove any residual test material.

- Other: the absorption of the test material was not determined.

Duration of exposure:

24 hours

Doses:

2000 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: observed for deaths or overt signs of toxicity 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours after dosing and subsequently once daily for fourteen days, Individual bodyweights were recorded prior to application of the test material on Day 0 and on Days 7 and 14.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight

All animals were subjected to gross necropsy.

Statistics:

Using the mortality data obtained, an estimate of the acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material was made.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

No mortality occurred.

Clinical signs:

other: No signs of systemic toxicity occurred. No signs of dermal irritation occurred.

Gross pathology:

No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Other findings:

No other findings were reported.

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: EU-GHS

Conclusions:

The study was performed according to the OECD TG402 without deviations and therefore considered to be of the highest quality (reliability Klimisch 1).The validity criteria of the test system was fulfilled. The test material did not induce any signs of acute dermal toxicity. The test material was considered to be not toxic via the dermal exposure route under the conditions of the test.

Executive summary:

The acute dermal toxicity of the test material was investigated in rats. The test was conducted according to OECD TG402 and EU Method B. 3. 2000 mg/kg bw of the test substance was applied semiocclusive to the shaved skin of rats. After 24 h the animals were unwrapped and observations were made for a period of 14 days. No mortalities, signs of systemic toxicity, signs of dermal irritation, treatment-related body weight changes or pathological abnormalities were reported. The acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material, in the Sprague-Dawley CD strain rat was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

2 000 mg/kg bw

Additional information

Acute oral toxicity:

The acute oral toxicity of the test material was investigated in rats (Ullmann and Sacher, 1983). The test was conducted according to OECD TG401 without deviations and according to good laboratory practice principles and therefore considered to be of the highest reliability (Klimisch 1). 1000 and 5000 mg/kg bw of the test substance were administered via gavage to the rats. Observations were made for a period of 14 days. No mortalities or signs of systemic toxicity, beside slightly ruffled fur during the first 5 hours following administration were observed. No treatment-related body weight changes were reported. In 3 male animals pathological abnormalities were found: mottled lungs (dose group 5000 mg/kg bw). These findings are not to be considered to be specific, but unspecific. The acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material in rats of both sexes observed over a period of 14 days was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg bw.

Acute dermal toxicity:

The acute dermal toxicity of the test material was investigated in rats (Driscoll, 2001). The test was conducted according to OECD TG402 and EU Method B. 3. 2000 mg/kg bw of the test substance was applied semiocclusive to the shaved skin of rats. After 24 h the animals were unwrapped and observations were made for a period of 14 days. No mortalities, signs of systemic toxicity, signs of dermal irritation, treatment-related body weight changes or pathological abnormalities were reported. The acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material, in the Sprague-Dawley CD strain rat was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.

Prediction using TOXTREE (v2.5.0)

The chemical structure of 3-(1-Pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate was assessed by Toxtree (v.2.5.0) modelling tool for its toxicity class according to the rules of Cramer (with extensions). 3-(1-Pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate is of unknown level of toxicity because it is not a normal constituent of the body and contains a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring with complex substituent, a structural alert which is known to be linked to toxic properties.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Acute oral toxicity:

The test material does not meet the criteria (neither for acute toxicity nor for STOT-SE) for classification and will not require labelling for oral toxicity in accordance with European regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.

 

Acute dermal toxicity:

The test material does not meet the criteria for classification (neither for acute toxicity nor for STOT-SE) and will not require labelling for dermal toxicity in accordance with European regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.