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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
14 Oct - 11 Nov 2015
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
20 °C instead of 22 °C
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
20 °C instead of 22 °C
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
Details on inoculum:
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Collected from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Usserød, Denmark.
- Laboratory culture: no
- Pretreatment: The activated sludge was stabilised under continuous aeration for a period of 2 d in order to reduce the content of easily degradable carbon.
- Concentration of sludge: 28.5 mg suspended solids (dry weight)/L
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
22 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Initial conc.:
50.7 mg/L
Based on:
ThOD/L
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: according to guideline
- Test temperature: 19.8 ± 0.0 °C
- pH: 7.6 (test start); 7.5 - 7.6 (test end)
- pH adjusted: no
- Suspended solids concentration: 28.5 mg/L (dw)

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: WTW OxiTop® Control System (770 mL test volume)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 4
- Measuring equipment: WTW OxiTop® Control System
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: no

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: continuously
- Sampling method: The OxiTop® Control system automatically determines the oxygen consumption in the test bottles.
- Sterility check if applicable: no
- Sample storage before analysis: not applicable

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes, 4 bottles
- Abiotic sterile control: no
- Toxicity control: yes, 4 bottles (containing approx. 22 mg/L test item and 20 mg/L of the reference substance)
- Other: Reference substance: yes, 4 bottles
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
81
St. dev.:
3
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
At the end of the 10-day window (from day 3 to day 13) a biodegradation of 65 ± 4% was measured.
Results with reference substance:
The reference substance was degraded to 78 ± 2% of ThOD after 14 d and 85 ± 5% of ThOD after 28 d.

The toxicity control attained 70% degradation after 14 d. Thus, the substance is not considered to be inhibitory to the inoculum.

Table 1: Degradation of the test substance during the test (average of four replicates)

Time [d]

Average degradation (BOD% of ThOD)

1

3.1

2

7.2

3

22.0

4

30.0

5

35.4

6

41.0301F

7

46.2

8

51.6

9

55.6

10

58.4

11

60.5

12

62.0

13

64.7

14

66.3

15

67.9

16

70.8

17

71.3

18

71.7

19

73.7

20

75.2

21

75.8

22

76.7

23

77.6

24

78.3

25

79.5

26

80.2

27

80.1

28

81.1

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Justification for type of information:
Please refer to analogue justification document provided in IUCLID section 13.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
81
St. dev.:
3
Sampling time:
28 d
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable

Description of key information

28-day degradation (based on O2 consumption) = 81.1% (OECD 301 F); read-across

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
readily biodegradable
Type of water:
freshwater

Additional information

No study is available in which the ready biodegradability of Glycerides, C16-18 (even numbered) mono- and di- and their citrates (EC 701-358-7) was assessed. Therefore, read-across to the structurally and chemically closely related source substance Glycerides, C16 - 18 and C18 -unsaturated mono- and di-, citrates (CAS 91052-16-3) was performed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, section 1.5 in order to fulfill the data requirements. The source substance is characterized by similar physico-chemical parameters and is therefore considered suitable representative for the assessment of the ready biodegradability of the target substance. A read-across justification is provided in IUCLID section 13.

This GLP study was conducted according to OECD guideline 301 F and EU method C.4 -D to test for the ready biodegradability of Glycerides, C16 - 18 and C18 -unsaturated mono- and di-, citrates. Activated sewage sluge from a municipal sewage treatment plant, treating domestic sewage, was incubated under aerobic conditions for 28 days at 19.8 °C with 22 mg/L of the test item and the oxygen consumption was measured daily. A degradation of 81% of the test item was observed after 28 days. Therefore, the substance was classified as readily biodegradable.

Based on the available result from a structurally related read-across substance (in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5), it can be concluded that the target substance Glycerides, C16-18 (even numbered) mono- and di- and their citrates is readily biodegradable.