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Physical & Chemical properties

Oxidising properties

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Endpoint:
oxidising solids
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
September 2020
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Test O.1 (Test for oxidizing solids)
Version / remarks:
Seventh Revised Edition, 2019
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
no
Contact with:
powdered cellulose
Key result
Sample tested:
test mixture as specified
Remarks:
1:1 sample to diatomaceous earth (inert substance) ratio
Parameter:
mean burning time
Result:
16 s
Sample tested:
4:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio
Parameter:
mean burning time
Result:
18 s
Sample tested:
test mixture as specified
Remarks:
1:1 sample to diatomaceous earth (inert substance) ratio
Parameter:
mean burning time
Result:
103 s

The reaction enthalpy of the test item determined by DSC is greater than 800 J/g (start of the exothermic decomposition: about 130 °C).



































Ratios of sample : diatomaceous earth [by mass]



Burning time t [s]



Mean burning times [s]



1:1



103



*



*



*



*



-



Flameless carbonization, intensive formation of smoke, sharp and penetrative smell



4:1



20



13



15



18



16



16



Decomposition of the sample, intensive formation of smoke with penetrative smell.



*Based on the clear result further testing was not necessary.


 





























Ratios of sample : cellulose [by mass]



Burning time t [s]



Mean burning times [s]



4:1



18



*



*



*



*



-


       

*Based on the clear result further testing was not necessary.


Because the burning time of the 4:1 (by mass) ratio of the test item to diatomaceous earth was the same as for the 4:1 (by mass) ratio of test item to cellulose; 16 s with diatomaceous earth and 18 s with cellulose; the result of the UN-Test O.1 is evaluated as false-positive.

Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
The measured burning time is based on decomposition and not on the oxidising properties of the test item. Therefore, the test item has not to be classified as an oxidising solid.
Executive summary:

A study was conducted according to UN-Test O.1 to determine the oxidising properties of the test item. Additionally, the test item was characterised by dynamic scanning calorimetry. The reaction enthalpy of the decomposition was determined to be greater than 800 J/g. The burning time for the 4:1 ratio of the sample to an inert substance (diatomaceous earth) was similar as for the 4:1 ratio of the sample to cellulose. The burning times were 16 s and 18 s, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the measured burning time is based on decomposition and not on oxidising properties. Consequently, the UN-Test O.1 is evaluated as false-positive.

Endpoint:
oxidising gases
Data waiving:
study technically not feasible
Justification for data waiving:
the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is a solid
Endpoint:
oxidising liquids
Data waiving:
study technically not feasible
Justification for data waiving:
the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is a solid
Endpoint:
oxidising solids
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
Study period:
2019-07-15 to 2019-07-23
Reliability:
3 (not reliable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
significant methodological deficiencies
Remarks:
Only the burning/decomposition of the test substance was observed and not the oxidising effect on cellulose. Therefore, the result is regarded to be false positive.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Test O.1 (Test for oxidizing solids)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Contact with:
powdered cellulose
Duration of test (contact time):
3 min
Key result
Sample tested:
4:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio
Parameter:
burning rate
Result:
15 s
Key result
Sample tested:
1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio
Parameter:
burning rate
Result:
> 180 s

The results of the reference mixtures of potassium bromate and cellulose are shown below:


Burning times of the reference mixtures of potassium bromate and cellulose

Potassium bromate – Cellulose

Test 1 / s

Test 2 / s

Test 3 / s

Test 4 / s

Test 5 /s

Average / s

3:7

109

104

114

103

108

108

3:2

20

25

18

17

19

20

The tests with the mixtures potassium bromate:cellulose 2:3 was not performed, because the burning time of the mixtures of the test item with cellulose was lower than the burning time of the reference mixtures 3:2.

 

The results of the mixtures of test item and cellulose are shown below:

Table3: Burning times of the mixtures of the test item and cellulose

Test item – Cellulose

Test 1 / s

Test 2 / s

Test 3 / s

Test 4 / s

Test 5 / s

Average / s

4:1

17

17

14

14

15

15

1:1

>180

>180

>180

>180

>180

>180

Due to the tests the test item has to be classified as oxidizing solid.

 

Interpretation of results:
study cannot be used for classification
Conclusions:
The average burning time of the reference mixtures of potassium bromate and cellulose (3:2) was 20s and the average burning time of the test item and cellulose (4:1) was 15 s.
Executive summary:

A test according to UN O.1 was performed to determine the oxidising properties of the test substance. The test item was sieved. The fraction with particles < 500 µm was used for the tests. 30.0 g ± 0.1 g mixture of the reference item and Cellulose were prepared in the potassium bromate to Cellulose ratio of 3:7, by weight. 30.0 g ± 0.1 g mixture of the test item and Cellulose were prepared in the test item to Cellulose ratio of 4:1 and 1:1, by weight. The average burning time of the reference mixtures of potassium bromate and cellulose (3:2) was 20s and the average burning time of the test item and cellulose (4:1) was 15 s. The burning time of the mixtures of the test item with cellulose (4:1) was lower than the burning time of the reference mixture of potassium bromate and cellulose (3:2). Thus, the test item shows oxidising properties under the test conditions described.

Description of key information

The test item has not to be classified as oxidising solid, oxidising liquid or oxidising gas (reference 4.15-2-4).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Oxidising properties:
non oxidising

Additional information

Oxidising solids (reference 4.15-4)


A study was conducted according to UN-Test O.1 to determine the oxidising properties of the test item. Additionally, the test item was characterised by dynamic scanning calorimetry. The reaction enthalpy of the decomposition was determined to be greater than 800 J/g. The burning time for the 4:1 ratio of the sample to an inert substance (diatomaceous earth) was similar as for the 4:1 ratio of the sample to cellulose. The burning times were 16 s and 18 s, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the measured burning time is based on decomposition and not on oxidising properties. Consequently, the UN-Test O.1 is evaluated as false-positive.


In an older study according to UN-Test O.1 (reference 4.15-1)  a smiliar average burning time of the test item and cellulose (4:1) was measured with 15 s. However, no test on false-positivity was performed. Therefore, it is not possible to differentiate between decompositon and oxidising effect and the study is disregarded.


 


Oxidising liquids (reference 4.15-2)


The test item is a solid at ambient conditions. This hazard class is only applicable for liquids. Thus, the substance was not considered for classification as oxidising liquid.


 


Oxidising gases (reference 4.15-3)


The test item is a solid at ambient conditions. This hazard class is only applicable for gases. Thus, the substance was not considered for classification as oxidising gas.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008


Based on available data on oxidising properties, the test item has not to be classified as oxidising solid, according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP), as amended for the fifteenth time in Regulation (EU) 2020/1182.