Dibutyl phthalate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Adequacy of study:

other information

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Test type:

flow-through

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

25 (+/- 1) degrees Celcius

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.9 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.73 mg/L

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Remarks:

= imbalance

Executive summary:

The study (Geiger at al 1985) measured EC50 and LC50 effect levels of DIBP for fathead minnows (pimephales promelas).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Adequacy of study:

other information

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38412, part 15

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Test type:

static

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20 (+/- 1) degrees Celcius

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

2.5 mg/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

4.2 mg/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

6 mg/L

Executive summary:

The study (Hüls 1989) measured LC0, LC50 and LC100 effect levels of DIBP for orfes (leuciscus idus).

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Adequacy of study:

other information

Test organisms (species):

Lepomis macrochirus

Details on test organisms:

Test animals utilized were young of the year bluegill (L. macrochirus) obtained from commercial fish suppliers within the continental United States. Wet weight of these fish ranged from 0.32-1.2 g.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

32-48 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

21-23 C

pH:

6.7-7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

7.0-8.8 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

Upon receipt at Bionomics, each test population was held in a separate tank receiving well-water at a minimum flow rate of 4 volume replacements per day. Chemical and physical characteristics of this well-water were measured weekly, revealing a total hardness of 28-44 mg/L CaC03, a total alkalinity of 20-30 mg/L CaCO3, a pH of 6.7-7.4, a dissolved oxygen concentration of 5.3-7.0 mg/L, a specific conductance of 95-170 ~mbos/cm and a temperature of 20-24C. All fish were fed ad libitum daily with dry, pelleted food and once weekly with raw ground beef liver. All feeding was discontinued for 48 h prior to testing. No population was used in toxicity tests if the mortality exceeded 3% during this 48-h period.

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

2.1 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1 - 1.4 mg/L

Conclusions:

A 24h LC50 for DBP was established at 2.1 mg/l and a 96h LC50 at 1.0-1-4 mg/l.

Executive summary:

The study tested several chemicals on bluegills. Only the effects of DBP are documented here.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Conclusions:

Measured effect concentrations LC50 (96h, 95% C.I.) range between 0.35 mg/l (Perca flavescens) and 7.3 mg/l (Leuciscus idus).

Executive summary:

The DBP short-term toxicity studies with fish are summarised as following:

No.	Species	96h LC50(mg/l) 95%C.I.	Method	Reference
1	Brachydaniorerio	2.2(1.3-2.5)	semistatic(EEC92/69C1)	Hüls(1994a)
2	Pimephalespromelas	0.9(0.7-1.2)	flowthrough(EG&GBionomics,1981)	CMA(1984)
3	Pimephalespromelas	2.0(1.3-2.9)	flowthrough(EPA-60018-81-011)	McCarthyandWhitmore(1985)
4	Pimephalespromelas	1.3	static(APHA,1971)	MayerandSanders(1973)
5	Pimephalespromelas	3.0(2.6-3.4)	static(EG&GBionomics,1982)	CMA(1984)
6	Pimephalespromelas	1.1(1.0-1.2)	static	Geigeretal.(1985)
7	Oncorhynchusmykiss	1.6(1.1-2.2)	flowthrough(EG&GBionomics,1981)	CMA(1984)
8	Oncorhynchusmykiss	6.5	static(APHA,1971)	Hudsonetal.(1981)
9	Ictaluruspunctatus	0.46	flowthrough	MayerandEllersieck(1986)
10	Ictaluruspunctatus	2.9	static(APHA,1971)	MayerandSanders(1973)
11	Lepomismacrochirus	0.9(0.7-1.0)	static(EG&GBionomics,1982)	CMA(1984)
12	Lepomismacrochirus	0.7	static(APHA,1971)	MayerandSanders(1973)
13	Lepomismacrochirus	1.2(1.0-1.4)	static(EPA,1975)	CMA(1984)
14	Lepomismacrochirus	1.2(1.0-1.4)	static	Buccafuscoetal.(1981)
15	Percaflavescens	0.35	flowthrough	MayerandEllersieck(1986)
16	Leuciscusidus	7.3(4.6-10)	static(DIN38412,1982)	CMA(1984)

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Adequacy of study:

other information

Test organisms (species):

other: rainbow trout, fathead minnow, channel catfish, bluegill

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

rainbow trout: 12 C
fathead minnow, channel catfish, bluegill: 17 C

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

2.6 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1.2-5.3; rainbow trout

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.3 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 0.3-5.5; fathead minnow

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

2.9 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1.4-6.1; channel catfish

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.7 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 0.3-1.3; bluegill

Executive summary:

The summarized LC50 levels for four fish species, as documented in the handbook, are listed here.

Reference 6

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

documentation insufficient for assessment

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Test organisms (species):

Oryzias latipes

Details on test organisms:

Orizias latipes (ca. 3 cm, 0.3 g) was obtained from the market and acclimated for at least 1 week in dechlorinated water at 20°C (total hardness was about 80 mg/liter).

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

80 mg/l

Test temperature:

20 +/-1 °C

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.63 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

The results obtained are summarized in Table 2.

Changes in the oxygen uptake rate of 0. latipes in 4 hr are illustrated in Fig. 2.

Conclusions:

An LC50 of 0.63 mg/l was measured after 48h.

Executive summary:

Biological tests using Orizias latipes (LC50 and oxygen uptake test) were carried out in order to clarify the mutual relationship of test methods.