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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Water solubility
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2012-03-09 to 2012-06-21
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- deviations from the guideline, which do not effect the validity of the study: (a) the 28-day test with a loading of 1 mg/L was conducted at a pH 8 instead of 8.5. (b) `mass balance (%) after completion of the transformation test´ is missing (c) the between-vessel variation in the 7 d-test, loading of 100 mg/L, at pH 6 after 6 h and after 1 d was not less than the 20 %.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- Version / remarks:
- 2001
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- please refer to the field "Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies" above
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EEC guideline SANCO/3029/99 rev. 4 dated 11/07/00: Working document “Guidance for generating and reporting methods of analysis in support of residue data requirements for Annex II (part A, Section 4) and Annex III (part A, Section 5)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- please refer to the field "Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies" above
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- flask method
- Remarks:
- transformation / dissolution
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Fe, Zr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- pH: 6, Temp.: 19.9 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: < LOD (0.5 µg/L)
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2.4 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Fe
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- pH: 8, Temp.: 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: S.D.: +/- 0.37 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2.17 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, Temp.: 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: S.D.: +/- 0.34 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 3.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Fe
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, Temp.: 20.0 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: S.D.: +/- 0.4 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, Temp.: 20.0 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: < LOD (0.5 µg/L)
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Fe, Zr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- pH: 8, Temp.: 21.1 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: < LOD (0.5 µg/L)
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Fe, Zr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- pH. 8, Temp.: 21.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: < LOD (0.5 µg/L)
- Details on results:
- The analytical method was shown to be suitable for low content determination of zirconium and iron in aqueous samples due to the technique ICP-MS.
The analyzed range, from 0.1 to 200 µg/L, was found to be linear for zirconium and iron (correlation coefficient > 0.99).
The instrumental limit of detection (IDL) defined as the lowest calibration level, was 0.1 µg/L for zirconium and iron.
The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was 1 µg/L for zirconium and iron, defined as the lowest fortification level.
The limit of detection (LOD) of the method, defined as 50 % of the lowest fortification level, was 0.5 µg/L for zirconium and iron.
Concentrations lower than the LOD were classified as not detected (n.d.).
Concentrations higher than the LOD but lower than the LOQ were designated as <1 µg/L for zirconium and iron.
The precision and the accuracy of the analytical method are in accordance with SANCO/3029/99 rev. 4.
From the results of the accuracy test it can be concluded that there was not a matrix effect and contamination (e.g. by the filter procedure) did not occur during sample processing. - Conclusions:
- The transformation/dissolution of zirconium iron pink zircon was measured according to the method OECD test series No. 29 (Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media). The transformation/dissolution of the pigment resulted in the following dissolved concentrations:
Full test 7 days at 100 mg/L and pH 6: < 0.5 µg Fe and Zr/L
Full test 7 days at 100 mg/L and pH 8: 2.4 µg Fe/L ± 0.37 and 2.17 µg Zr/L ± 0.34
Full test 28 days at 1 mg/L and pH 8: < 0.5 µg Fe and Zr/L
The dissolved Fe and Zr concentrations were below 2.5 µg/L respectively, even at the highest loading of 100 mg/L, referring to a solubility of < 0.005 %. Thus, the extent to which " zirconium iron pink zircon" can produce soluble available ionic and other metal-bearing species in aqueous media is limited.
Reference
Summary results for
the 7d-full test at pH 6
Full test 7 days at 100 mg/L |
|
Fe (µg/L) |
Zr (µg/L) |
Solution pH 6 T0h |
Mean |
6.93 |
n.d. |
SD |
0.33 |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
4.8 |
- |
|
Solution pH 6 T2h |
Mean |
n.d. |
2.93 |
SD |
- |
0.16 |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
5.3 |
|
Solution pH 6 T6h |
Mean |
n.d. |
1.34 |
SD |
- |
0.34 |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
25.3(*) |
|
Solution pH 6 T1d |
Mean |
n.d. |
<1 |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 6 T4d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 6 T7d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
Abbreviations: SD: Standard Deviation; RSD (%): Relative Standard Deviation %
n.d.: lower than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Fe and Zr, respectively).
<1: lower than the method Limit of Quantification (LOQ) (1 µg/L for Zr) but higher than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Zr).
(*)The between-vessel variation after 6 hours was not less than the 20 % recommended by OECD Series No. 29.
Summary results for the 7d-full test at pH 8
Full test 7 days at 100 mg/L |
|
Fe (µg/L) |
Zr (µg/L) |
Solution pH 8 T0h |
Mean |
5.67 |
n.d. |
SD |
0.48 |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
8.4 |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T2h |
Mean |
1.46 |
4.12 |
SD |
0.23 |
0.36 |
|
RSD (%) |
15.6 |
8.7 |
|
Solution pH 8 T6h |
Mean |
1.85 |
3.72 |
SD |
0.36 |
0.24 |
|
RSD (%) |
19.4 |
6.4 |
|
Solution pH 8 T1d |
Mean |
2.05 |
3.73 |
SD |
0.64 |
0.30 |
|
RSD (%) |
31.4(*) |
7.9 |
|
Solution pH 8 T4d |
Mean |
2.84 |
2.80 |
SD |
0.25 |
0.21 |
|
RSD (%) |
9.0 |
7.4 |
|
Solution pH 8 T7d |
Mean |
2.40 |
2.17 |
SD |
0.37 |
0.34 |
|
RSD (%) |
15.6 |
15.9 |
n.d.: lower than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Fe and Zr, respectively).
(*)The between-vessel variation after 1 day was not less than the 20 % recommended by OECD Series No. 29.
Summary results for the 28d-full test at pH 8
Full test 28 days at 1 mg/L |
|
Fe (µg/L) |
Zr (µg/L) |
Solution pH 8 T0h |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T2h |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T6h |
Mean |
1.7 |
n.d. |
SD |
0.1 |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
6.7 |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T1d |
Mean |
3.5 |
n.d. |
SD |
0.4 |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
11.8 |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T4d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T7d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T14d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T21d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
|
Solution pH 8 T28d |
Mean |
n.d. |
n.d. |
SD |
- |
- |
|
RSD (%) |
- |
- |
n.d.: lower than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Fe and Zr, respectively).
Parameters of linear calibration for Fe analysis of solutions from the 28d-full test:
m (slope): 0.6670
q (intercept): 0.5729
R²(correlation): 0.9999
Parameters of linear calibration for Zr analysis of solutions fromthe 28d-full test:
m (slope): 0.0890
q (intercept): 0.0062
R²(correlation): 0.9999
Analytical method (Inductively-Coupled-Plasma Mass-Spectrometry ICP-MS)
Specificity
Zirconium and iron concentrations of blanks from each test medium were analyzed. Zirconium concentrations in blanks of the respective media were below the method LOD, while iron concentrations in blanks of the respective media were higher than the method LOQ.
Linearity and System Precision
The analysed range of Zr and Fe concentrations, from 0.1µg/L to 200 µg/L,was found to be linear (correlation coefficient > 0.99 for metal).Since the fortification levels for the recovery test were 1 µg/L and 10 µg/L, the linear calibration performed for recovery quantification ranged from 0.1 µg/L to 50 µg/L.
Parameters of linear calibration for Fe analysis of solutions from the recovery test:
m (slope): 0.6400
q (intercept): 0.4255
R²(correlation): 0.9990
Parameters of linear calibration for Zr analysis of solutions from the recovery test:
m (slope): 0.0850
q (intercept): 0.0029
R²(correlation): 0.9993
Repeatability (Precision) and Accuracy (Recovery)
For precision, the SANCO/3029/99 rev. 4 guideline requires an RSD to be lower than 20 % for each fortification level.
For accuracy, the SANCO/3029/99 rev. 4 guideline requires mean recovery values for each fortification level in the range from 70 to 110 %, ideally with the mean in the range 80 to 100 %.
Recovery (Fe)
Test Medium | Spike add | Mean Found | RSD (%) | Recovery Mean |
pH 6 | 1 µg/L | 0.8 µg/L | 6.2 | 82.7 % |
10 µg/L | 8.8 µg/L | 1.6 | 87.6% | |
pH 8 | 1 µg/L | 0.7 µg/L | 3.7 | 74.4 % |
10 µg/L | 8.9 µg/L | 1.0 | 88.8 % |
Recovery (Zr)
Test Medium | Spike add | Mean Found | RSD (%) | Recovery Mean |
pH 6 | 1 µg/L | 0.7 µg/L | 5.6 | 74.9 % |
10 µg/L | 8.1 µg/L | 3.4 | 81.2 % | |
pH 8 | 1 µg/L | 0.7 µg/L | 2.2 | 71.7 % |
10 µg/L | 8.5 µg/L | 1.7 | 84.8 % |
Repeatability and Recovery test: Test medium at pH 6
Elution medium pH 6 |
Fe (µg/L) (1) |
Fe Recovery (%) |
Zr (µg/L) (1) |
Zr Recovery (%) |
Buffer blank |
n.d. |
- |
n.d. |
- |
Spike L1 |
0.79 |
79.31 |
0.71 |
70.79 |
Spike L2 |
0.89 |
88.61 |
0.79 |
79.24 |
Spike L3 |
0.80 |
80.31 |
0.75 |
74.57 |
Mean value: |
0.8 |
82.7 |
0.7 |
74.9 |
Standard deviation (SD): |
0.05 |
5.10 |
0.04 |
4.23 |
Relative Standard deviation (RSD (%)): |
6.2 |
6.2 |
5.6 |
5.6 |
Elution medium pH 6 |
Fe (µg/L) (1) |
Fe Recovery (%) |
Zr (µg/L) (1) |
Zr Recovery (%) |
Buffer blank |
n.d. |
- |
n.d. |
- |
Spike H1 |
8.85 |
88.48 |
8.38 |
83.81 |
Spike H2 |
8.83 |
88.31 |
8.13 |
81.32 |
Spike H3 |
8.60 |
86.00 |
7.83 |
78.34 |
Mean value: |
8.8 |
87.6 |
8.1 |
81.2 |
Standard deviation (SD): |
0.14 |
1.38 |
0.27 |
2.74 |
Relative Standard deviation (RSD (%)): |
1.6 |
1.6 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
(1) Mean of two determinations.
n.d.: lower than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Fe and Zr).
Repeatability and Recovery test: Test medium at pH 8
Elution medium pH 8 |
Fe (µg/L) (1) |
Fe Recovery (%) |
Zr (µg/L) (1) |
Zr Recovery (%) |
Buffer blank |
n.d. |
- |
n.d. |
- |
Spike L1 |
0.78 |
77.59 |
0.71 |
70.54 |
Spike L2 |
0.72 |
72.36 |
0.73 |
73.41 |
Spike L3 |
0.73 |
73.31 |
0.71 |
71.00 |
Mean value: |
0.7 |
74.4 |
0.7 |
71.7 |
Standard deviation (SD): |
0.03 |
2.79 |
0.02 |
1.54 |
Relative Standard deviation (RSD (%)): |
3.7 |
3.7 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
Elution medium pH 8 |
Fe (µg/L) (1) |
Fe Recovery (%) |
Zr (µg/L) (1) |
Zr Recovery (%) |
Buffer blank |
n.d. |
- |
n.d. |
- |
Spike H1 |
8.81 |
88.10 |
8.31 |
83.15 |
Spike H2 |
8.84 |
88.44 |
8.55 |
85.46 |
Spike H3 |
8.97 |
89.72 |
8.57 |
85.74 |
Mean value: |
8.9 |
88.8 |
8.5 |
84.8 |
Standard deviation (SD): |
0.09 |
0.85 |
0.14 |
1.42 |
Relative Standard deviation (RSD (%)): |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
(1) Mean of two determinations.
n.d.: lower than the method Limit of Detection (LOD) (0.5 µg/L for Fe and Zr).
Repeatability and Recovery test: Certified Reference Material analysis
|
Ratio Fe/Ge |
Fe (µg/L) |
Ratio(*) Zr/In |
Zr(*) (µg/L) |
Certified Reference Material A |
16.0269 |
24.38 |
- |
- |
Certified Reference Material B |
16.1946 |
24.64 |
- |
- |
Certified Reference Material C |
16.3613 |
24.90 |
- |
- |
Mean value (µg/L): |
24.64 |
- |
||
Standard deviation (SD): |
0.26 |
- |
||
Relative Standard deviation (RSD (%)): |
1.1 |
- |
(*) Note: The Certified Reference Material does not report a certified value for zirconium.
Description of key information
The solubility of Zirconium zircon with encapsulated hematite is < 0.005 wt%. A GLP-conform transformation/dissolution test with a loading of 100 mg/L at pH6 and ph8 over 7 days, revealed higher dissolution at ph 8 than at pH6. Dissolved Zr and Fe concentration at pH8 after 7 days were 2.17 mircog/L and 2.4 microg/L, respectively. Transformation/dissolution at a loading of 1 mg/L at pH8 over 28 days resulted in dissolved Zr and Fe concentrations below < LOD (0.5 mircog/L) after 7 and 28 days (Pardo Martinez, 2013). The particle size of the tested sample (BET surface area 1.3 m2/g) is representative for the particle size on the market. Thus, the extent to which " Zirconium zircon with encapsulated hematite" can produce soluble available ionic and other metal-bearing species in aqueous media is limited.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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