α-chlorotoluene

Acute Toxicity: inhalation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Few details on the materials and methods are available and examinations results are not specifically described for benzyl chloride. This study should therefore be considered as not assignable due to insufficient documentation.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Comparative toxicity of chloride derivatives of toluene: benzyl chloride, benzal chloride and benzotrichloride

Author:

Mikhailova T.V.

Year:

1964

Bibliographic source:

Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya, 8, 9, 14-19.

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Animals (white mice and rats) were subjected to inhalational poisoning for 2hour in a 100-liter chamber (static method). Lethality, clinical signs and pathological changes were followed to assess poisoning after two weeks exposure in mice and one month in rats. A first experiment allowed the determination of LC50, and then a second experiment was conducted to establish a qualitative difference between the three tested substance benzyl chloride, benzotrichloride and benzal chloride.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test type:

other: static method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

α-chlorotoluene

EC Number:

202-853-6

EC Name:

α-chlorotoluene

Cas Number:

100-44-7

Molecular formula:

C7H7Cl

IUPAC Name:

(chloromethyl)benzene

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

chloromethylbenzene

IUPAC Name:

chloromethylbenzene

Details on test material:

No data

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

not specified

Sex:

male

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

inhalation

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: no data

Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:

yes

Remarks:

spectrophotometry

Duration of exposure:

2 h

Concentrations:

No data for the first experiment but 0.1 mg/L was tested in the second experiment

No. of animals per sex per dose:

In the first set of experiment unknown, in the second, ten animals per dose (0.1 mg/L)

Control animals:

other: yes in the second experiment, no data for the first

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Effect levels 1

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

0.74 mg/L air

95% CL:

>= 0.5 - <= 1.1

Exp. duration:

2 h

Remarks on result:

other: for rats

Effect levels 2

Sex:

not specified

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

0.39 mg/L air

95% CL:

>= 0.26 - <= 0.58

Exp. duration:

2 h

Remarks on result:

other: for white mice

Any other information on results incl. tables

Toxicological symptoms were excitation and irritation of conjunctiva and mucosal membranes of the respiratory tract. Furthermore hyperaemia of tail, ears and pads were noticed.

Histopathological examination revealed inflammation of the respiratory tract accompanied by bacterial superinfection, fat distrophy in liver cells, epithelial necrosis of renal tubules, distrophic alterations of the cardiac muscle and cortical cell swelling in CNS.

In the second experiment, more clinical signs were monitored and pathological changes were greater.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

very toxic

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

In the test conditions, the authors tested the inhalational poisoning of rats and white mice exposed two hours by benzyl chloride (CAS n° 98-07-7) by following lethality, clinical signs and pathological changes. They estimated a LC 50 of 0.74 mg/L and 0.39 mg/L for rats and white mice respectively.
At this level of information, benzyl chloride should be classfied as toxic by inhalation or toxicant category 2 according to the 67/548/EC regulation and the CLP regulation n°1272/2008/EC respectively by applying default values of the Haber's law.

Executive summary:

In the test conditions, the authors tested the inhalational poisoning of rats and white mice exposed two hours by benzyl chloride (CAS n° 98 -07 -7) in 100 -liter chamber with a static method. The exposure concentration in the inhalation chamber was assessed by spectrophotometry. The authors followed lethality, clinical signs and pathological changes in mice and rats exposed to the test substance over a period of two weeks or fours weeks respectively.

They estimated a LC 50 of 0.39 mg/L and 0.74 mg/L for white mice and rats respectively. They confirmed their results with a second poisoning experiment where they looked qualitatively in the same test conditions at clinical and pathological responses into rats and white mice exposed to 0.1 mg/L benzyl chloride.

At this level of information, benzyl chloride should be classfied as toxic by inhalation or a toxicant category 2 according to the 67/548/EC regulation and the CLP regulation n°1272/2008/EC respectively by applying default values of the Haber's law. Indeed, LC 50 (4h) could be estimated with a time weight average rule. It would result in a LC 50 (4h) of 0,37 mg/L for rats. Assuming the test solution to be a mist, benzyl chloride should then be classified as proposed.

However, since few details on the materials and methods are known (as precise route of exposure and doses), as the process for generation of inhalative test substance is unknown and since specific results for benzyl chloride are not enough described. This study should be considered as not assignable due to insufficient documentation.