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Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

13th May, to 22th July, 1993

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study was performed according to OECD Guideline and with GLP compliance, but the raw data were not presented in the report.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: 10 locations throughout Japan, collected in March 1993 (Fushiko river and Nakahama Treatment facilities, Kitakami River, Yoshino River, Hiroshima gulf, Biwa-ko, Dokai gulf, etc.) 500 mL of each locations collected in April, 1993, in order to obtain 5 Liters of sludge collected.
- Laboratory culture: Chemical testing association
- Method of cultivation: no data
- Storage conditions: no data
- Pretreatment: no
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
- Concentration of suspended matter in the activated sludge: 4800 mg/L
- Water filtered: yes

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Reference substance:

aniline

Remarks:

Showa Chemicals, special reagent grade, lot number SC-2726

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

25

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Percent of total biodegradation of the test item, including methacrylic acid

Parameter:

% degradation (TOC removal)

Value:

31

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Percent of total biodegradation of the test item, including methacrylic acid

Results with reference substance:

The test material N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is considered as readily biodegradable under OECD Guideline 301 C.

During 28 days, the biodegradation of N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acidat an initial concentration of 100mg/L was studied according to OECD guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)).

Inoculum used in the test was an activated sludge at a concentration of 30 mg/L obtained with different samples from 10 locations throughout Japan.

The corresponding percentage of biodegradation obtained after 28 days was 25% (mean of three determination).

Reference material (aniline) validates the test.

Under the test conditions N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is not readily biodegradable.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The test material N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is considered as not readily biodegradable under OECD guideline 301 C.

Executive summary:

During 28 days, the biodegradation of N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid at an initial concentration of 100mg/L was studied according to OECD guideline301 C (OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)) .

Inoculum used in the test was an activated sludge at a concentration of 30 mg/L obtained with different samples from ten locations throughout Japan.

The corresponding percentage of biodegradation obtained after 28 days was 25% (mean of three determinations).

Reference material (sodium acetate) validates the test since its biodegradation was greater than 60 % at 14 days.

Under the test conditions N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is not readily biodegradable.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

24th July to 24th August, 1992

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study performed according to US EPA Guideline and with GLP (US Federal GLP) compliance.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OTS 796.3340 (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified SCAS Test)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, adapted

Details on inoculum:

Inoculum:
Fresh activated sludge were collected from Bergen County Utilities Authority (BCUA), Bergen Country, NJ, on 7/7/1992. Activated sludge, for a supplementary addition, was also collected from BCUA on 8/3/1992.
Equilibration and Acclimatation:
The reactors received only feed for several days during equilibration which ended 7/13/1992.
Acclimitation started on 7/14/1992 and consisted of incremential additions of DV2295N, starting at 4 mg/L and increasing to 20 mg/L. During this period, the reactors were monitored for SOC removal and activated sludge quality. Simple process efficiencies were calculated to help determine whether sample addition was adversely influencing aerobic metabolism of SOC in contrast to the blank reactors which received no sample.

Duration of test (contact time):

30 d

Initial conc.:

15 - 26.5 mg/L

Based on:

COD

Initial conc.:

32 - 56 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

CO2 evolution

Remarks:

(radiolabeled carbon is followed)

Details on study design:

TEST SHEME:
- A two-part study shall be initiated
- Radiolabeled study with one concentration of the test material, a reference non-radiolabeled material and a blank. Duration 7 days
- Non-radiolabeled study: a separate test shall be conducted for the purpose of generating samples for by-product analysis and to evaluate, in full term, the removability of the sample by Soluble Organic Carbon measurement. Duration 30 days.

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 1.5L volume (3L capacity) Borosilicate glass SCAS reactor
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 test material + 2 reference material + 2 blank
- Measuring equipment: see above
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: no

Reference substance:

aniline

Remarks:

concentration: 21 mg/l (Carbon content)

Preliminary study:

Before the actual test was started, preliminary tests were conducted to determine the potential for metabolic inhibition from the sample. Two procedures were used: (1) a Minimal Inhibitory Concentration Test (USTC MIC 286-7) and (2) a Biochemical Oxygen Demand Test in which sample concentrations were spiked with background nutrient (modified from standard methods, Method 5210B).
DV2295N was not grossly inhibitory (cidal) in the wide range of aqueous dilutions. Inhibition in the SCAS system at low concentrations was not expected.
Conclusion: the preliminary tests indicated that the sample was not metabolically inhibitoy to sewage sludge.

Parameter:

% degradation (CO2 evolution)

Value:

93.3

St. dev.:

7

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (radiochem. meas.)

Value:

37.3

Sampling time:

7 d

Remarks on result:

other: Radioactive carbon counting, after 7 days, traced 37.3% of the material converted to CO2, 8.2% in the effluent and 19.8% in sludge and biomass. The remainer of the radiolabeled material was not captured and is unaccounted for.

Results with reference substance:

The biodegradation of aniline is 96.8 at day 17 (avergae measure on CO2 evolution with s.d. = 6.8).

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The reaction mass of N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid can be considered as inherently biodegradable according to the EPA OTS 796.3340 conditions test.

Executive summary:

Semi-Continuous Activated Sludge Test (SCAS): the test item, as Soluble Organic Carbon (SOC), was removed in laboratory activated sludge treatment by an average up to 93% over a final monitoring period of 17 days, following acclimatation and stabilization in the system. The concentration of the test item ranged between 15 and 26.5 mg/L as carbon content (approx. 32 to 56 mg/L as sample).

Radiometric Activated Sludge Test: Testing with radiolabeled material in a parallel experiment to the SCAS confirmed the significant removal of the sample and demonstrated inherent biodegradability. In this 7 days respirometric test of sewage metabolism, radioactive carbon counting traced 37.3% of the test material converted to CO2, 8.2% in effluent and 19.8% in sludge or biomass.

These tests are performed according to EPA OTS 796.3340 guideline with GLP compliance.

Conclusion:

The reaction mass of N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid can be considered as inherently biodegradable.

Description of key information

Under the EPA OTS test conditions N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is inherently biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

inherently biodegradable, fulfilling specific criteria

Additional information

Two biodegradation tests (readily biodegradability test- OECD 301C and inherently biodegradability test - EPA OTS 796.3340) were performed on the test item. The conslusions are presented below:

- Under the OECD Guideline 301 C test conditions N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl] methacrylamide and methacrylic acid is not readily biodegradable (25% based on CO2 evolution).

- Under the conditions of EPA OTS 796.3340, the test item is inherently biodegradable (93% based on CO2 evolution).